Xa sithetha nge-dengue kwilizwe lethu, sonke siyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngentsholongwane edluliselwa ziingcongconi, kodwa enefuthe elahlukileyo kancinci. Leyo yintsholongwane yeZika. Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngeli gama, mhlawumbi akunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, ingakumbi ukuba ungumntu ocinga ngokuqalisa usapho.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni intsholongwane kaZika?
I-Zika sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esidluliselwa luhlobo oluthile lwengcongconi . Ngokuchanekileyo, iingcongconi ezifanayo ze -Aedes aegypti kunye ne-Aedes albopictus ezisasaza i-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya kwilizwe lethu nazo zinokusasaza le ntsholongwane. Nje ukuba le ntsholongwane ingene emzimbeni, isebenzisa iiseli zethu ukwenza amasuntswana eentsholongwane.
Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba abantu abaninzi abafumana esi sifo ababonisi zimpawu , okanye ukuba bazibonakalisa, babonisa iimpawu ezincinci kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banaso esi sifo.
Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko omkhulu nowona mkhulu kukuba umama okhulelweyo afumane olu sulelo. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, intsholongwane inokonakalisa kakhulu ingqondo yomntwana okhulayo esibelekweni.
Zithini iimpawu zentsholongwane kaZika?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ayinguye wonke umntu osulelekileyo oza kuba neempawu. Kuphela ngumntu omnye kwabahlanu (1/5) kwabo basulelekileyo oza kuba neempawu . Ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zihlala iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiveki.
Jonga itheyibhile engezantsi ukuze ubone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane omncinci. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu ngamanye amaxesha. |
| Intlungu yamalungu | Intlungu emalungeni emilenze. |
| Ubomvu bamehlo | Ububomvu bamehlo amhlophe (conjunctivitis). Amehlo asenokuvakala ngathi avuvukile. |
| Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba | Irhashalala ebonakala njengomxube wamabala abomvu, athe tyaba, naphakanyisiweyo kancinci eluswini. Ngamanye amaxesha la mabala anokuba lurhawuzelelo. |
Isasazeka njani le ntsholongwane?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili intsholongwane kaZika enokudluliselwa ngazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi ndlela.
| Indlela yokudlulisela | Kwenzeka njani oku |
|---|---|
| Ngoongcongconi | Le yeyona ndlela iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo . Xa ingcongconi elumile umntu onesifo iluma umntu ophilileyo, intsholongwane idluliselwa komnye umntu. |
| Ukusuka kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana | Ukuba umama wosulelwe yiZika ngexesha lokukhulelwa, intsholongwane inokudluliselwa kumntwana osesibelekweni nge-placenta. Kulapho kufuneka sikhathazeke kakhulu khona. |
| Ngobudlelwane besondo | Intsholongwane yeZika inokuhlala ikwiziselo zomzimba, njengembewu yesidoda, kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga emva kokuba iimpawu ziphelile. Ke ngoko, inokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokwabelana ngesondo okungakhuselekanga (ngomlomo, kwisini, okanye empundu). |
| Ngokutofelwa igazi | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Nangona kuye kwaxelwa kumazwe aliqela kwihlabathi liphela, asinto ixhaphakileyo. |
Okungakumbi malunga nokudluliselwa ngokwesondo
Oku kungabonakala kutsha kancinci. Ewe, akuqhelekanga ukuba intsholongwane ethwalwa yingcongconi idluliselwe ngokwesondo. Kodwa kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba iZika inazo. Nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo, ukuba ubukhe waya kwindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona, eyona nto ikhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukusebenzisa ikhondom xa usenza isondo okanye ungayiphathi isondo kangangeenyanga ezi-3 emva kokuba ubuyile .
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umama okhulelweyo uneZika? - Kutheni sifanele soyike
Ukuba umntu oqhelekileyo ufumana iZika, ayiyongxaki inkulu leyo. Kodwa ukuba umama okhulelweyo uyayifumana, umonakalo enokuwenza awungomncinane. Ukuba intsholongwane inqumla i-placenta ize yosulele umntwana, inokuphazamisa uphuhliso lomntwana, ingakumbi uphuhliso lobuchopho .
Nazi ezinye zeengxaki ezibangelwa yile meko kumntwana:
- I-Microcephaly: Oku kwenzeka xa intloko nengqondo yomntwana zisiba ncinci kunesiqhelo . Oku kunokuchaphazela kakhulu uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana kunye nomsebenzi wakhe womzimba.
- I-Congenital Zika syndrome: Le yingqokelela yeempawu ezikhoyo ekuzalweni. Umzekelo, ingabandakanya i-microcephaly enzima, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesikhumba, ukuncipha kwezicubu zobuchopho, umonakalo wamehlo, kunye neengxaki zamalungu.
- Ezinye iingxaki zengqondo: Iimeko ezifana nokungaguquki kakuhle kwengqondo, ukunyamalala kwezakhiwo zobuchopho, kunye nokuqokelelana kolwelo engqondweni (i-hydrocephalus) kunokwenzeka.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokubona nokuva: Umntwana usenokuba neengxaki zokubona okanye zokuva.
- Ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi: Umntwana usenokuzalwa enobunzima obungaphantsi kobuqhelekileyo.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, ayinguye wonke umfazi okhulelweyo osuleleke yiZika oza kuba nomntwana onezi meko. Ngokwezibalo, malunga nesinye kuphela kwiintsana ezingama-20 (5%) ezizelwe ngoomama abaneziphene zokuzalwa. Kodwa umngcipheko awunakuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lwesifo sikaZika
Ukuba usandul’ ukuya kwilizwe elinentsholongwane yeZika kwaye uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, bona ugqirha wakho. Uza kukubuza ngembali yakho yohambo kunye neempawu aze akuthumelele uvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ukufunyanwa: Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba unayo na intsholongwane yeZika.Kungenziwa.
- Unyango: Akukho nyango lithile okwangoku lokunyanga intsholongwane kaZika. Akukho gonyo likhoyo. Konke okunokwenziwa kukunyanga iimpawu.
- Ukuba umkhuhlane nentlungu: Ungathatha iyeza elifana neParacetamol.
- Izinto ekufuneka uziphephe: Musa ukuthatha amayeza afana ne -aspirin okanye ii-NSAID (umz., i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac) ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha wakho. Ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu zifana ne-dengue, ukuthatha la mayeza ngexesha lemeko ye-dengue fever kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha.
- Ukuphumla kunye nolwelo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo nokusela ulwelo oluninzi, olufana namanzi kunye neziselo zeziqhamo.
Ungazikhusela njani kwintsholongwane iZika?
Ekubeni kungekho nyango loku, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho. Zimbalwa izinto esinokuzenza ukuze senze loo nto.
| Iindlela zokuthintela | |
|---|---|
| Ukukhuselwa kwiingcongconi |
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| Imiyalelo ekhethekileyo yoomama abakhulelweyo |
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| Kwabo balindele abantwana |
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Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ingakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ulindele umntwana, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Zika sisifo esidluliselwa ziingcongconi ezifanayo ezisasaza i-dengue.
- Abantu abaninzi ababonisi zimpawu. Ukuba bazibonakalisa, zihlala zincinci, njengomkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba.
- Eyona ngozi inkulu ikumama okhulelweyo . Inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ekukhuleni kwengqondo yomntwana ongekazalwa.
- Intsholongwane yeZika inokudluliselwa kungekuphela nje ziingcongconi, kodwa nangokudibana ngokwesondo .
- Ekubeni kungekho nyango luthile loku, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuzikhusela kwiingcongconi kwaye wenze isondo esikhuselekileyo.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ulindele umntwana, kuphephe ukuya kwiindawo apho iZika ixhaphake khona. Ukuba awuqinisekanga, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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