Ingabe elinye lamehlo engane yakho libukeka "livilapha"? Ake sixoxe nge-Amblyopia/Lazy Eye!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho ibheka ngeso elilodwa kuphela, noma ikhanda layo lithambekele ohlangothini olulodwa? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabonakala njengezinto ezincane, kodwa empeleni kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Amblyopia. Yilokhu abantu abaningi abakubiza nangokuthi "iso elivilaphayo." Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona nje indaba yobuvila bengane noma iso. Lesi yisimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa kahle. Ingabe singakhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe?

Kuyini i-Amblyopia? Kalula nje...

I-Amblyopia yisimo esithinta ikhono lokubona kahle ngamehlo womabili. Ngokuvamile sivela lapho ingane isencane kakhulu noma isencane. Uma ingelashwa kahle, lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Cabanga nje, uma ingane ine-amblyopia, ukubona kwayo kufiphele kwelinye iso, kodwa elinye iso layo liyakwazi ukubona kahle. Bese, ubuchopho buqala kancane kancane ukungalinaki iso elifiphele bese buqala ukubona kuphela ngeso elihle. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ubuchopho buthembela kuphela esweni elinamandla, futhi umbono osesweni elibuthakathaka uba mubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-amblyopia yisimo esibi kakhulu okumele selashwe uchwepheshe wamehlo.

Abantu abaningi bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi “iso elivilaphayo” noma “umbono ovilaphayo,” kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ukuthi nje ingane ine-amblyopia akusho ukuthi iyavilapha noma amehlo ayo ayavilapha. Ayikhethi ukuba nombono ofiphele, futhi akuyona into abayenzile eyabangela lokho. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lokhu.

I-Amblyopia akuyona inkinga "yobuvila" yengane noma yeso, iyinkinga ngokuthuthukiswa kokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho neso.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, i-amblyopia iyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahlekelwa umbono ezinganeni ezincane. Kuthiwa lesi simo sithinta cishe u-5% wezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-15. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.

Ingabe ingane yakho nayo inalezi zimpawu?

Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubona ukuthi ingane yakho ine-amblyopia. Iningi lezingane litholakala linalesi simo ngemva kokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngudokotela noma udokotela wamehlo.

Kodwa-ke, ungathola umbono walokhu kwezinye zezindlela zokuziphatha kwengane. Ingane ene-amblyopia ingenza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukungqubuzana nezinto (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba). Isibonelo, uma udlala, uhlala ungqubuzana nomlenze wetafula noma isihlalo ohlangothini olufanayo.
• Ukunikeza isisindo esengeziwe ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba, noma ukusebenzisa lolo hlangothi.
• Iso elilodwa livaliwe, noma amehlo acwebezelwe.
• Ngihlala ngigobisa ikhanda lami eceleni. Mhlawumbe uma ngibuka i-TV noma ngifunda incwadi.
• Amehlo angase ahlangane.
• Ijwabu elilodwa lingase liwe (ijwabu eliwe).

Uma ubona into efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela ngayo.

Iso elinesifo se-amblyopia libona kanjani?

Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe ingane ine-amblyopia, ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko ekubukekeni kwamehlo ayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izingane, iso elithintekile lingase lingahambisani neso elinamandla, kodwa lingase libonakale sengathi liphambene kancane, noma lingase libonakale likhomba kwenye indawo ngaphandle kwalapho libheke khona.

Kungani i-amblyopia ikhula? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Amblyopia ibangelwa yinto ebangela umehluko ekuboneni phakathi kwamehlo amabili engane, noma umehluko endleleni agxila ngayo ezintweni. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ezinye izinkinga zokubona noma izinkinga zesakhiwo emehlweni. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

1. Amaphutha okubuyisa ukukhanya

Iphutha lokubona ngamehlo liyinkinga ngesimo semvelo noma ikhono lokugxila kwamehlo akho elibangela ukubona okufiphele. Uma ingane inalolu hlobo lwephutha futhi ingelashwa ngokushesha, lingaholela ku-amblyopia. Amaphutha okubona amehlo angaholela ku-amblyopia ezinganeni yilezi:

• I-Myopia: Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacile.
• I-Hyperopia: Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto eziseduze ngokucacile.
• I-Astigmatism: Isici sokubona esibangelwa ukuthi i-cornea yeso ibe yi-oval ngesimo, kunokuba ibe yi-spherical.

2. I-Strabismus (iso eliphambene)

I-Strabismus, noma njengoba sonke sazi, yilapho amehlo engaqondile futhi ekhomba ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuvamile, amehlo ethu ahamba ndawonye futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Uma iso elilodwa lengane liphuma lingahambisani nelinye, ubuchopho bayo bungase buqale ukunaka kakhulu iso elilodwa. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela enkulu ye-amblyopia.

3. Izimo zamehlo ezihlelekile

Noma yisiphi isimo esithinta indlela amehlo engane asebenza ngayo singabangela ukubona okufiphele kanye ne-amblyopia. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Amajwabu amehlo alengayo (i-Ptosis): Ikakhulukazi uma ijwabu elilodwa liwele phansi laze lamboza iso lengane.
• Ama-cataract: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeso.
• Izinkinga ze-Cornea: Izinkinga ngengxenye ecacile yangaphambili yeso.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-amblyopia?

Noma yimuphi umntwana angaba ne-amblyopia. Kodwa-ke, izici ezithile zenza izingane zibe namathuba amaningi okuthola i-amblyopia. Izici ezinjalo zifaka:

• Uma kukhona emndenini (ohlobene nempilo) onezinkinga zamehlo nokubona.
• Uma kukhona ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi - kusho ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37.
• Isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi - Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane inesisindo esingaphansi kwamagremu angu-2500 (amakhilogremu angu-5 nama-ounces angu-8) lapho izalwa.

Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa? Yiziphi izinkinga?

Uma ingelashwa, i-amblyopia ingathinta unomphela umbono wengane. Esimweni esibi kakhulu, iso elithintekile lingalahlekelwa umbono walo ngokuphelele.

Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle! Lesi simo singalapheka ngokuphelele uma sitholakale futhi selashwe kusenesikhathi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiqaphela kusenesikhathi.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

I-Amblyopia ihlolwa uchwepheshe wezempilo, noma udokotela wamehlo. Odokotela bahlola i-amblyopia ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezingane okuvamile. Bahlola amehlo engane (kufaka phakathi nengaphakathi). Bahlola nokuthi ingane ibona kahle kangakanani. Bahlola nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivimbele amehlo engane ukuthi asebenze kahle.

Udokotela uvame ukuthola i-amblyopia ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu ekhaya. Izingane eziningi zisencane kakhulu ukuthi zingabona ukuthi umbono wazo uye waba mubi noma ushintshile lapho kutholakala i-amblyopia. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko endleleni ingane yakho ebamba ngayo ikhanda noma exhumana ngayo nezinto ezizungezile, tshela udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wamehlo.

Sikuphatha kanjani lokhu?

Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo welapha i-amblyopia ngokuphoqa ubuchopho bengane ukuthi busebenzise iso elibuthakathaka. Lokhu kulungisa futhi kuqinise ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bengane namehlo, kulungisa isimo se-amblyopia.

Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zokwelapha i-amblyopia yilezi:

• I-Eye patch: Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi uma i-patch isetshenziswa ukulungisa i-amblyopia, yiso elithintekile, noma "elivilaphayo," elichithwayo. Eqinisweni, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso. Ingane yakho kufanele igqoke i-eye patch enamandla (ebukeka kahle) okungenani amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Uma iso eliqinile lingasaboni, ubuchopho bengane buphoqeleka ukusebenzisa izithombe ezivela esweni elibuthakathaka. Lokhu kuqinisa neso elibuthakathaka.
• Izibuko Zamehlo: Ukugqoka izibuko kungalungisa amaphutha okukhanya abangela i-amblyopia. Uma umbono wengane yakho usuthuthukile, ubuchopho bayo bungaqala ukusebenzisa womabili amehlo futhi. Ingane yakho ingadinga izibuko nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Amaconsi amehlo anemithi: Udokotela wakho wamehlo angase afake amaconsi amehlo anemithi (ngokuvamile i-atropine) esweni lengane yakho elingcono. Lo muthi uyalifiphaza lelo liso okwesikhashana, uphoqe ubuchopho bakhe ukuba busebenzise iso lakhe elibuthakathaka. Lawa maconsi amehlo aphephile futhi ngeke alimaze unomphela umbono wengane yakho esweni lakhe elingcono.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Amblyopia: Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa i-amblyopia akuvamile kakhulu. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuhlinzwa kuphela uma inesimo esifana ne-cataracts noma enye inkinga yeso engakwazi ukulungiswa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo uzokutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa ingane yakho ezoludinga nokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Iningi lezingane lizodinga ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia okungenani izinyanga ezimbalwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingane yakho idinga ukwelashwa okunjani, kubalulekile ukuyikhuthaza ukuba iqhubeke nakho isikhathi eside njengoba udokotela wayo wamehlo encoma.

Kungaba nzima ngezingane ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko emehlweni azo kanye nasoboneni, ikakhulukazi uma zithola ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia. Khumbuza ingane yakho ukuthi kungani kubalulekile ukugqoka i-eye patch, izibuko, noma amaconsi amehlo. Mncome lapho evuma ukwelashwa, futhi umkhuthaze ukuthi asebenzise amehlo akhe abuthakathaka. Ngezinye izikhathi ingane yakho (nawe) ingase izizwe ikhungathekile. Lokho kuvamile. Into ebalulekile ukuthi nobabili nisebenzisane ukuthuthukisa umbono wayo.

Ingabe lokhu kungalapheka ngokuzivocavoca kwamehlo?

Akukho bufakazi bokuthi ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo kungayilapha noma kuyiphathe i-amblyopia. Udokotela wakho wamehlo angase asikisele ukuthi ingane yakho yenze imisebenzi ethile (njengokudlala imidlalo noma ukuxazulula amaphazili) ngenkathi igqoke i-eye patch noma isebenzisa amaconsi amehlo anemithi. Le misebenzi ingasiza ekuqiniseni ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bayo neso elibuthakathaka. Kodwa-ke, azikho izivivinyo ezithile noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungalungisa i-amblyopia.

Ngingakuvimbela yini lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki?

I-Amblyopia, noma ezinye izinkinga zokubona ezibangela lokhu, azinakuvinjelwa. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngamehlo namehlo engane yakho ukuthi ihlolwe amehlo ayo njalo.

Yini ongayilindela enganeni ene-amblyopia?

I-Amblyopia yisimo esingelapheka kakhulu uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi. Izingane ezine-amblyopia eziqala ukwelashwa zisencane amathuba amaningi okuba nombono ongcono kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside encishisiwe.

Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo uzoncoma ukwelashwa ukusiza ukubona kwengane yakho kuthuthuke ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi igqoke amalensi okulungisa, njengezibuko noma amalensi okuxhumana, impilo yayo yonke.

Ingabe lokhu kuzolunga ngokwakho? Ingabe kuzophela njengoba ingane ikhula?

Cha, i-amblyopia ayibi ngcono ngokwayo, futhi ayipheli njengoba izingane zikhula. Uma ingelashwa, i-amblyopia ingaholela ezinkingeni zokubona ezingapheli, okuhlanganisa nokungaboni emehlweni athintekile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula.

Amehlo engane kufanele ahlolwe kangaki?

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo nombono wengane yakho njalo nguchwepheshe wamehlo kungasiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Udokotela wezingane kufanele ahlole amehlo engane yakho kuzo zonke izivivinyo zomtholampilo aze akhule ngokwanele ukuqala isikole, bese kuba kanye ngonyaka noma emibili ngemva kwalokho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Bonana nodokotela noma uchwepheshe wamehlo ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuziphatheni kwengane yakho, ikakhulukazi uma ibonakala inenkinga yokubona kahle noma ingaboni nhlobo. Uma ingane yakho ibeka isisindo esiningi kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba wayo kunolunye, noma uma ibonakala ingaqiniseki ngayo lapho ihambahamba, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza le mibuzo uma ubona udokotela:

• Yini ebangela i-amblyopia?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa ingane yami edingayo?
• Ingane yami izodinga isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia?
• Ingabe uzodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Ungasikisela izindlela zokwenza ingane yami ivume ukwelashwa?

Ingabe lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu njengoba umuntu ekhula?

I-Amblyopia ingelashwa, kodwa uma ingelashwa ebuntwaneni, ingabangela izinkinga zokubona ezingapheli.

Nakuba i-amblyopia ingelashwa ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala, ithatha isikhathi eside futhi ivame ukuba nemiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungcono kakhulu.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Amblyopia iyinkinga evamile yokubona ezinganeni. Nakuba abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuthi “iso elivilaphayo,” ayilona ivilaphayo. Khumbula: I-Amblyopia yisimo sezokwelapha ongeke usivimbele, futhi akukho lutho olungalungile ngengane yakho noma emehlweni ayo.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-amblyopia kusenesikhathi ukuba nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kwamehlo engane yakho kukho konke ukuvakashelwa emtholampilo. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo angancoma ukwelashwa okungalungisa isimo se-amblyopia futhi kubuyisele umbono wengane yakho esimweni sayo esingcono kakhulu. Ungakhathazeki, ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokusekelwa kwakho, lesi simo singanqotshwa!

I- Amblyopia, iso elivilaphayo, ukubona kwabantwana, izifo zamehlo, i-strabismus, amabala amehlo, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo