Ingabe ingane yakho ikhala ngokubona okungazelelwe, ukuzizwa ingalingani ngesikhathi ihamba, noma ukuba nokungezwani ezingalweni noma emilenzeni? Nakuba sivame ukuzishaya indiva lezi zinkinga ezincane, kungaba izimpawu ze -MS , noma i-Multiple Sclerosis . Sicela ungakhathazeki ngegama; isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ulwazi olunembile. Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, ake sihlole i-MS yabantwana ngamagama alula, okulula ukuwaqonda.
Kuyini ngempela i-MS?
Kalula nje, i-MS yezingane yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba engane yakho ehlasela khona umzimba wayo ngephutha . Ithinta kakhulu uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi lwengane—ikakhulukazi ubuchopho nomgogodla .
Cabanga ngesimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela njengamandla okuvikela angaphakathi omzimba wakho, aklanyelwe ukuvikela kubahlaseli abanjengamagciwane namagciwane. Kumntwana one-MS, leli butho lokuzivikela lenza iphutha elibalulekile, libona ingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba—isivikelo esizungeze izinzwa—njengosongo bese liyihlasela.
Lolu ngqimba oluvikelayo lubizwa ngokuthi i-Myelin . Njengokumbozwa kwepulasitiki okuzungeze ucingo lukagesi, i-myelin iqinisekisa ukuthi imizwa yezinzwa ihamba ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela silimaza le myelin, izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni ziya emzimbeni wonke ziyaphazamiseka. Njengoba nje 'kufushane' lapho ukufakelwa kocingo kuhlutshiwe, lokhu kungaholela ebuthakathakeni bemisipha , ukukhathala, izinkinga zenkumbulo, ubunzima bokuhamba, kanye nokushintsha kombono.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, nakuba okwamanje kungekho ukwelashwa okuhlala njalo kwe-MS, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla zokuphatha izimpawu nokusiza ingane yakho iphile impilo egcwele nenempilo.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-MS yezingane?
Yebo, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa oluyinhloko olubonwa ezinganeni.
Cishe ama-98% ezingane atholakala ene -Relapsing-remitting MS . Lolu hlobo lubonakala ngezikhathi lapho izimpawu ziqala khona, kulandelwe izikhathi zokuyekelela lapho izimpawu zizinza noma ziphela khona.
Isibonelo, ingane yakho ingase ibe nobunzima bokuhamba noma ukukhathala amasonto ambalwa, okungase kuthuthuke ngokwelashwa. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, ingase ibe nenkinga yokubona. Lo mjikelezo wezimpawu ezibonakala futhi zincipha uchaza ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo.
I-MS eqhubekayo eyinhloko ayivamile ezinganeni futhi ihilela ukuwohloka kancane kancane kwezimpawu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Yiziphi izimpawu zesixwayiso zakuqala?
Uma udokotela esola i-MS, kunezimpawu ezithile zokuqala okufanele uziqaphele. Ukuzazi lezi njengomzali kubalulekile.
| Izimpawu Zokuqala | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| I-optic neuritis | Ubuhlungu kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo okuhambisana nokungaboni kahle, noma ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa umbono okwesikhashana. Ingane yakho ingase ibe nobunzima bokuhlukanisa imibala ngendlela efanele. |
| I-myelitis eguquguqukayo | Ukuvuvukala komgogodla okuholela ebuthakathakeni, ekuphelelweni amandla, noma ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kwemizwa ezithweni. |
Ezinye Izimpawu Ezivamile
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zokuqala, ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlanganise:
- Umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki noma 'izikhonkwane nezinaliti' (i-Paresthesia)
- Isiyezi
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukukhubeka njalo lapho uhamba
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, okungachazeki (Ukukhathala)
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
- Ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela (Ukuthuthumela)
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo noma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Umbono ophindwe kabili noma umbono ofiphele
Khumbula, akuzona zonke izingane ezibhekana nazo zonke izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kusuka komunye umntwana kuya komunye, futhi izimpawu zingase zishintshe ngisho nosuku olulodwa kuya kolunye.
Kungani izingane zihlakulela i-MS?
Njengoba sixoxile, imbangela eyinhloko i -demyelination —isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela silimaza ngephutha i-sheath ye-myelin evikelayo. Lo monakalo ubangela 'izibazi' ezincane emithanjeni, odokotela abazibiza ngokuthi izilonda noma ama-plaque , ngokuvamile abonakala kuma-MRI scan.
Nakuba abacwaningi bengakayitholi imbangela eqondile yokuthi kungani isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela senza leli phutha, kunezici eziningana eziyingozi ezihlotshaniswa nalo:
- Ukuntuleka kweVithamini D: Amazinga aphansi eVithamini D kumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Ukuchayeka kakhulu kwigciwane le -Epstein-Barr .
- Ukuchayeka ekubhemeni: Ukuchayeka ekubhemeni intuthu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
Lezi zimane ziyizici eziyingozi; ukuba nazo akusho ukuthi ingane izoba ne-MS.
Odokotela baxilonga kanjani i-MS?
Ukuxilonga i-MS kungaba inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba lezi zimpawu zingalingisa ezinye izimo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela ulandela indlela yokuxilonga enezinyathelo eziningi.
Ekuqaleni, udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okujulile ngokomzimba bese ebuza wena nomntwana wakho ngomlando onemininingwane wezimpawu. Ngemva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze bakhiphe ezinye izimo futhi baqinisekise ukuxilongwa kwe-MS. Uma kwenzeka ubona izimpawu eziphuthumayo nezinzima, sicela uxhumane nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni noma uvakashele isibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
| Ukuhlolwa | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Nomchamo | Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni ezinye izifo noma izimo zezokwelapha ezingase zibangele izimpawu ezifana ne-MS. |
| Iskeni se-MRI | Leli ithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxilonga. Lisenza sikwazi ukubona ngokucacile noma yimuphi umonakalo ku-myelin noma ukuba khona 'kwezilonda' ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni. |
| Ukubhoboza Kwe-Lumbar | Ngemva kokwenza umhlane wakho ube nezinhlungu, kusetshenziswa inaliti encane ukuqoqa isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal. Amaprotheni athile atholakala kulolu ketshezi angabonisa i-MS. |
| Ukuhlolwa Okungenzeka (EP) Okuvuselelwe | Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ijubane lezimpawu zikagesi ezidlula ezinzwa zakho. Ukulimala kwe-myelin sheath kubangela ukuthi lezi zibonakaliso zehle. |
Inqubo yokuxilonga ingathatha isikhathi futhi ingase ikukhathaze ngokomzwelo wena nomntanakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze uqale uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenza kahle kakhulu oluqondiswe ngqo enganeni yakho.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-MS?
Nakuba okwamanje kungekho ukwelashwa kwe-MS, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu ezitholakalayo namuhla ezisiza ekuphatheni lesi simo, zinciphise ukuvama kokuqubuka kwesifo, futhi zisekele ingane yakho ekuphileni impilo evamile neyanelisayo.
- Izindlela Zokwelapha Eziguqula Izifo (DMTs): Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ku-myelin, okusiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ezinganeni ezingaphezu kwe-10, imithi evunyelwe yi-FDA njenge- Fingolimod ingasetshenziswa.
- Ukwelapha Okusekelayo: Lokhu kuyasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu ezithile.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kusiza ingane yakho ukuthi ikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula.
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Kugxile ekuqiniseni imisipha nokuthuthukisa ubunzima bokuhamba noma bokuhamba.
- Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo: Kubhekana nanoma yiziphi izinselele ngokukhuluma noma ukugwinya.
- Ukuhlolwa Nokwelashwa Kwezinzwa Zengqondo: Kunikeza ukwesekwa uma ingane yakho ibhekana noshintsho enkumbulo noma ekugxiliseni ingqondo.
Ingabe i-MS izothinta ukusebenza kwengane yami esikoleni?
Ezinye izingane ezine-MS zingase zibhekane nezinselele ngenkumbulo, ukufunda, noma ukugxila. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile nothisha bengane yakho. Ukuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological kungaba usizo olukhulu ekuboneni amandla nobunzima bengane yakho, okuvumela isikole ukuthi sinikeze indawo yokuhlala edingekayo.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, khumbula ukuthi izingane eziningi ezine-MS ziyaqhubeka nokudlala, ukufunda, nokukhula kanye nontanga yazo. Ngokuvamile ziyakwazi ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini efanayo neyezinye izingane, ngakho zama ukungakhathazeki ngokweqile.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma ingane yakho ibika ukuthi inenkinga yokungezwani, ukuqaqamba, ukushintsha kombono, noma olunye uphawu oluhambisana ne-MS, ungakuthathi njengento encane. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela futhi kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga zesikhathi eside.
Ngisho nangemva kokuxilongwa, uma ingane yakho iba nezimpawu ezintsha noma ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, sicela uxhumane no-911 noma umnyango wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela oseduze nawe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya Ovela eNirogi Lanka
- I-MS yisimo esibangelwa amasosha omzimba; asithelelani, futhi ingane yakho ayikwazi ukusidlulisela kwabanye.
- I-MS ephindaphindayo iyindlela evame kakhulu ebonwa ezinganeni.
- Uma ingane yakho ikhuluma ngokushintsha kwamehlo, ubunzima bokuhamba, noma ukuba ndikindiki, ungalokothi uzishaye indiva lezi zimpawu—funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Nakuba i-MS ingelapheki, izindlela zokwelapha zesimanje zilawula lesi simo ngempumelelo, zenze izingane ziphile impilo esebenzayo nejabulisayo.
- Ukusekelwa ngokubambisana kwabazali, othisha, kanye nabahlinzeki bezempilo kuyisisekelo sohambo lwengane yakho.
I-MS, i-Multiple Sclerosis, i-MS yezingane, izifo ze-neurological, i-Myelin, i-Demyelination, i-optic neuritis, i-Nirogi Lanka, izifo ze-Autoimmune
