Ubisi luyinto esiyiphuzayo sonke kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga ezahlukene lapho bephuza lolu bisi. Mhlawumbe wena noma ingane yakho nizizwa into engavamile lapho niphuza ubisi. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, into eyodwa efika engqondweni ukuthi lokhu "kuyi-milk allergy" noma "(Milk Allergy)". Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula kakhulu.
Kuyini ngempela ukungezwani nobisi?
Kalula nje, ukungezwani nobisi kwenzeka lapho
amasosha omzimba wakho (uhlelo oluvikela umzimba wakho ezifweni) esabela kumaprotheni athile obisini. Lucabanga ukuthi luyisihlaseli. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ubisi lwenkomo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zobisi lwezilwane, njengobisi lwembuzi nobisi lwemvu, nazo zingabangela ukungezwani nobisi. Kodwa kukhona okunye okudingeka ukwazi. Akuzona zonke izinkinga ezihlobene nobisi ezibangelwa "ukungezwani nobisi." Kunezinye izinto ezimbili:
- Ukungabekezelelani amaprotheni obisi yisimo esenzeka ezinganeni ezincane.
- Ukungabekezelelani ne-lactose yisimo esenzeka ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala abangakwazi ukugaya i-lactose, uhlobo lukashukela olutholakala ebisini.
Sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe kamuva. Okwamanje, khumbula ukuthi "ukungezwani nobisi" kwangempela
ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi kakhulu . Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima, njengobunzima bokuphefumula, kufanele uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi abe nalokhu kungezwani nobisi?
Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa
kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 ubudala . Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lezingane ezinalolu hlobo lokungezwani nobisi ziyakhula njengoba zikhula. Ezinganeni ezinesimo esithi "Ukungabekezelelani namaprotheni obisi" okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla, cishe kuyanyamalala ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungezwani nobisi kungenzeka ezinganeni ezinceliswa ubisi oluthambile kanye nasezinsaneni ezinceliswa ubisi lwebele.
Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?
Ukungezwani nobisi empeleni kuvame kakhulu. E-United States, isibonelo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe izingane ezimbili kweziyi-100 zinalesi simo.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma une-allergy yobisi?
Uma une-allergy yobisi, umzimba wakho uzoba ne-allergy uma uphuza ubisi. Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo: Uma uqala ukuphuza ubisi, amasosha omzimba wakho enza uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E, noma i-IgE. Lawa ma-antibodies e-IgE afana nama-detective amancane. Ayahamba futhi anamathele kuma-mast cell esikhumbeni sethu, endleleni yokuphefumula, kanye nezinhlelo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Bese kuthi, uma uphuza ubisi futhi, amaprotheni asebisini ahlangane nalawa ma-IgE, abangela ukuthi ama-mast cell akhiphe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Histamine.
Yilokhu okubangela izimpawu zakho ze-allergy (njengokulunywa kanye nama-hives).Lokhu kusabela kwe-`(IgE)` kungenzeka ngokushesha kakhulu, ngokushesha nje lapho uphuza ubisi. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu, esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi `(Anaphylaxis).`
I-Anaphylaxis iwukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okungaba yingozi uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu ngalokhu.
Kunezinye izindlela zokusabela ubisi, ezingabangelwa yila ma-antibodies e-`(IgE)`. Zivela kamuva, ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha amahora angama-48 ukuthi izimpawu zivele. Ubisi luyimbangela eyinhloko yalezi zindlela zokusabela ze-`non-IgE` ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela zokungezwani komzimba ze-`non-IgE` azivamile ukusongela impilo. Isibonelo yi-`Milk protein ukungabekezelelani` okukhulunywe ngakho ngaphambilini.
Kungani abantu beba nokungezwani nobisi ngokuzumayo?
Lokhu kuyinto odokotela nabacwaningi abangakakwazi ukuyiqonda kahle. Abanye abantu bangaba ne-allergy ngokuzumayo nobisi.
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani nobisi?
Izimpawu zokungezwani nobisi zivame ukuqala ngemizuzu embalwa ngemva kokuphuza ubisi. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, futhi zingaba mnene kakhulu kwabanye abantu, kanti ezinye zingaba nkulu kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezivamile nezingenzima kangako zifaka: Izimpawu ezibucayi (uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha!):- Ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuqina
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia)
- Ukuqubuka okukhulu kwesikhumba (`i-contact dermatitis`)
- Ukushaya umoya (ukushaya ikhwela)
- Isiyezi
- Ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (i-Hypotension)
- I-Syncope
- Isimo esishiwo ngenhla se-`(Anaphylaxis)`
Kungani sihlushwa yi-allergy yobisi? Iyini imbangela?
Uma une-allergy yobisi, kungenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaprotheni obisini. Amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngokweqile kulawa maprotheni. Lawa maprotheni amabili yilawa: 1.
I-Casein:Lena yiprotheni eyinhloko eyakha ama-curdle lapho ubisi lugoqwa. Itholakala futhi kushizi ne-yogurt. Yakha u-80% weprotheni ebisini. Yile `(Casein)` enika ubisi umbala omhlophe. 2.
`Whey`: Lena yiprotheni evela engxenyeni yobisi ewuketshezi uma igoqwa. Yakha cishe u-20% weprotheni ebisini. Ungaba nomzimba ongezwani nenye noma zombili lezi phrotheni.
Ingabe ukungezwani nobisi kuyathelelana?
Cha. Ukungezwani nobisi
akuthelelani . Awukwazi ukukudlulisela komunye umuntu.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo sofuba?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalulwe ngenhla uma uphuza ubisi,
kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela . Angase akuthumele kudokotela wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba. Udokotela wezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba angenza izivivinyo
ezahlukene ukuze anqume ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba ubisi ngempela. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izivivinyo, udokotela wakho angase akubuze imibuzo efana nalokhu:
- Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onesifo sokungezwani nobisi noma okunye ukungezwani nokudla?
- Ingabe udokotela wake wakutshela ukuthi une-allergy yokudla?
- Yiziphi izimpawu ozibonayo?
- Ingabe usebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi ovela ekhemisi ngalokho?
- Izimpawu ziqala nini ukuvela?
- Ingabe ugcina idayari yalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo?
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswayo ukuxilonga ukungezwani nobisi?
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba angenza okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo: 1.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Isampula yegazi bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri, lapho ixutshwa khona namaprotheni obisi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ingakanani i-antibody `(IgE)` esegazini lakho. Imiphumela ingathatha isonto lonke ukubuya. 2.
Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza isikhumba (noma `ukuhlolwa kokuklwebheka`): Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inani elincane leprotheyini yobisi esikhumbeni sakho. Okokuqala, udokotela uzohlanza indawo encane yesikhumba sakho engalweni noma emhlane wakho ngento efana notshwala. Ngemuva kwalokho, inaliti encane kakhulu (`i-lancet`) izobhoboza isikhumba lapho kukhona khona ithonsi leprotheyini yobisi. Lokhu akuyona injektha ejulile, uzozwa umuzwa omncane wokuthuthumela, futhi ngeke kube khona ukopha. Abanye odokotela bakwenza lokhu ngendlela ehlukile. Ithonsi lesisombululo seprotheyini yobisi libekwa esikhumbeni bese isikhumba sihlikihlwa kancane kuso. Bese isixazululo sisetshenziswa esikhumbeni. Ngaphezu kwalawa maprotheni obisi, ezinye izinto ezimbili zokulawula (izilawuli ezinhle nezimbi) zifakwa esikhumbeni. Lena indlela ukusabela okuqhathaniswa ngayo. Ngemva kokulinda cishe imizuzu eyi-15, isikhumba sihlolwa ukuthi sibomvu yini, sivuvukile, noma siyaphuka, futhi imiphumela inqunywa ngokulinganisa nge-caliper. Lokhu kuhlolwa akuthathi isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora. 3.
Ukuhlolwa kwenselele yokudla (`Inselele yomlomo elinganisiwe` noma `Inselele yokudla`): Qinisekisa kahle ukuthi kukhona yini ukungezwani nobisiNgezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlolwa kuyadingeka. Lokhu kungadingeka, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zakho, umlando, kanye neminye imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingahambisani. Lokhu kuhilela ukukunika ubisi oluncane ukuze uluphuze
ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqondile kukadokotela. Bese, balinda ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela. Khulisa kancane kancane inani lobisi obanika lona bese ubona ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela
kanjani . Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathatha cishe amahora amane.
Ungalokothi uzame ukukwenza lokhu ekhaya wedwa! Ilashwa kanjani i-allergy yobisi?
Uma une-allergy yobisi,
okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela ukusabela ukugwema ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi ngokuphelele. ESri Lanka, kuyimpoqo ukufaka izinto ezibangela i-allergy kumalebula okudla. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufunda ilebula lazo zonke iphakethe lokudla olithenga esitolo. Enye into ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo engenalo ubisi ingenziwa ezindaweni ezifanayo ezenza imikhiqizo yobisi. Ngakho-ke, qaphela amalebula anjengokuthi "Kwenziwe endaweni ecubungula ubisi." Njengoba izingane eziningi zikhula zidlula lokhu kungezwani nobisi njengoba zikhula, ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside akudingeki njalo. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho ibonakala ingakhuli, ungakhuluma "noDokotela We-Allergy" bese uxoxa ngemithi yokunciphisa ukuzwela kokudla efana ne-"Oral Immunotherapy (OIT)".
Uma une-allergy yobisi, yikuphi ukudla okufanele ukugweme?
Uma une-allergy yobisi, kufanele ugweme lezi zinto:
- Ubisi (zonke izinhlobo, olufingqiwe, olomisiwe, olupheshuliwe, oluyimpuphu)
- Ubisi oluvela kwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo (imbuzi, izimvu)
- Ibhotela, uwoyela webhotela, ukunambitheka kwebhotela okwenziwa
- Ubisi lwebhotela
- Ushizi (zonke izinhlobo)
- Ushizi we-cottage, ubisi olunamafutha amancane
- I-Custard, i-pudding, i-yogurt
- I-Ghee (i-Ghee)
- Ukhilimu omuncu
Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanokungezwani nobisi bangadla ukudla okubhakiwe okwenziwe ngobisi (isib. ama-muffin, amakhekhe).
Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuzama into enjalo. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abantu abanokungezwani nobisi bangaba nokusabela kokungezwani nobisi enkomeni.
Ngingawathola kanjani amavithamini nezakhamzimba ngaphandle kokuphuza ubisi?
Kubantu abaningi, ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi kungumthombo omkhulu wezakhamzimba ezibalulekile njengevithamini D ne-calcium. Ngakho-ke uma une-allergy yobisi,
kubalulekile ukufaka okunye ukudla okucebile kulezi zakhamzimba (njengesipinashi ne-broccoli) ekudleni kwakho. Kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wezokudla obhalisiwe. Angakusiza ukuthi ugcine ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
Yimiphi imithi esetshenziselwa ukungezwani nobisi?
Uma une-allergy enkulu yobisi, udokotela angase akunike
i-epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen®).Lokhu kungalawula ngokushesha izimpawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)`. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani futhi nini.
Kufanele ugcine le `(EpiPen®)` nawe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abantu abangakwazi ukubekezelela ubisi (`Ukungabekezelelani nobisi`) noma labo abane-allergies yobisi `engeyona i-IgE` abayidingi le-epinephrine.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yomjovo we-epinephrine?
Imiphumela emibi emincane engase ivele ngemva kokuthola umjovo we-epinephrine ihlanganisa:
- Ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki
- Isiyezi
- Umlomo owomile
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukujuluka okukhulu
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ukukhathala
Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu futhi ziyanyamalala ngokushesha.
Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Umjovo we-epinephrine uqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemva kokujova.
Ingabe ukungezwani nobisi kungavinjelwa?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukungezwani nobisi ukususa ubisi ngokuphelele ekudleni kwakho. Funda ilebula yezithako kuzo zonke ukudla okupakishiwe. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi ukudla kuqukethe ubisi, ungakudli uze wazi ngokuqinisekile.
Ukwethulwa kusenesikhathi kwezinto ezivame ukungezwani nokudla ezinganeni ezincane kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungezwani nokudla. Kodwa-ke
, buza udokotela wezingane ukuthi uqale nini ukunikeza ingane yakho imikhiqizo equkethe ubisi lwenkomo. Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokungezwani nobisi 'okungabekezelelani nobisi' noma 'okungewona i-IgE'.
Yini ongayilindela uma une-allergy yobisi?
Ukuphila nokungezwani nobisi, noma ukunakekela ingane enokungezwani nobisi, kungaba yinselele. Izimpawu zingahluka kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu, futhi awukwazi ukubikezela ukuthi umzimba wakho uzosabela
kanjani . Awukwazi ukucabanga ukuthi uma uke wasabela kancane ebisini ngesikhathi esizayo uma ulidla, kuzoba okufanayo ngesikhathi esizayo - kungaba kubi kakhulu. Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu esikhathini esidlule, usengozini enkulu yokuba nokusabela okukhulu futhi. Kodwa,
uma uqaphela, wena nengane yakho ningaphila impilo ejabulisayo nejwayelekile. Odokotela bangakudlulisela ezinsizeni, emaqenjini okusekela, kanye nochwepheshe bezokudla abangakusiza ngalokhu. Ukungezwani nobisi kuvame ukuphela njengoba izinhlelo zokugaya ukudla zezingane ezincane nezabantwana zikhula. Ingane yakho kufanele ibone udokotela wezifo zokungezwani nobisi njalo ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke ziphele. Kunezindlela zokwelapha abanye abantu.
Ngingazinakekela kanjani mina/ingane yami uma nginesifo sokungezwani nobisi?
Uma une-allergy yobisi, lawa macebiso angakusiza:
- Hlala uqaphele ukuthi udlani futhi uphuzani.Funda ilebula ngaphambi kokudla ukudla, futhi noma ngabe uke wadla ukudla okufanayo ngaphambili futhi akwenzekanga lutho, hlola ilebula futhi. Ngezinye izikhathi abakhiqizi bangashintsha izindlela zabo zokupheka bese befaka ubisi.
- Uma ingane yakho inomdlavuza wobisi, yifundise ukuthi ingathengi ukudla kubangani bayo noma ekilasini.
- Uma udla ngaphandle, tshela uweta ukuthi une-allergy yobisi. Buza imininingwane mayelana nezithako ezikulezi zitsha nokuthi zilungiswa kanjani.
- Gqoka isongo lesexwayiso sezokwelapha noma uphathe ikhadi elinolwazi mayelana nokungezwani nobisi lwakho.
- Faka imininingwane mayelana nokungezwani nokudla kwakho 'kuzilungiselelo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha' efonini yakho noma kuhlelo lokusebenza.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokulungiselela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Angase akunike i-epinephrine auto-injector. Yigcine nawe ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kwenzeka ukusabela okubi kakhulu.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu zokungezwani nobisi, noma uma ubona ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziqala ngemva kokuphuza ubisi, bona udokotela.
Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?
Uma uqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezinzima zesimo esithi "Anaphylaxis" esishiwo ngaphambilini (njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba, kanye nokuquleka),
iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele u-1990. Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?
- Ubona kanjani kahle ukuthi nginesifo sokungezwani nobisi?
- Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqala ukuncelisa ingane yami?
- Ingabe ingane yami izokhula inqobe lokhu kungezwani nobisi njengoba ikhula?
- Ingabe kukhona amaqembu okusekelana asiza abantu abanokungezwani nobisi, noma abazali bezingane ezinjalo?
- Ungamncoma yini uchwepheshe wezokudla?
Ingabe ukungezwani nobisi kanye nokungabekezelelani ne-lactose kuyinto efanayo?
Yebo. Lezi yizimo ezimbili
ezihluke ngokuphelele. Ukungabekezelelani ne-lactose ukungakwazi ukugaya i-lactose, ushukela otholakala ebisini. Lokhu kubangela izimpawu ezifana nokuqunjelwa, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye nesifo sohudo uma udla noma uphuza ukudla okuqukethe i-lactose. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala kunasezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa-ke,
ukungezwani nobisi kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho esabela kumaprotheni asebisini. Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu kunezo zokungabekezelelani ne-lactose. Ukungezwani nobisi kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.
Ungakuthola kanjani ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose?
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu
ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula kwe-hydrogen.Lokhu kulinganisa inani legesi ye-hydrogen oyikhiphayo. Uma i-lactose ingagaywa, i-hydrogen ikhiqizwa ngendlela engavamile emathunjini, okuyilokho okulinganiswa yilolu vivinyo. Ukungezwani nobisi yilapho amasosha omzimba wakho ebona ngephutha amaprotheni asebisini njengesitha futhi ephakamisa impendulo yokuzivikela kuwo. Lokhu kusabela, noma ukusabela kokungezwani nobisi, kungabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungaholela ngisho naku-"Anaphylaxis." Ukungazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo. Kodwa udokotela angakusiza. Bangenza izivivinyo zokuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani nobisi futhi bakunikeze imithi uma kudingeka. Bangakudlulisela kudokotela wezokudla ukuze akusize uthole ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe ukuthi uyidle futhi uyiphuze.
Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokungezwani nobisi. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:
- Ukungezwani nobisi kuyimpendulo yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, akuyona inkinga yokugaya ukudla nje.
- Ubisi lwenkomo luyimbangela eyinhloko, kodwa lungabangelwa nayiminye imibisi yezilwane.
- Izimpawu zingahluka kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezisongela impilo (i-anaphylaxis) . Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinzima , funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile, kudingeka iseluleko sezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa (`Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba`,` Ukuhlolwa kwegazi`,` Inselele yokudla ngomlomo`) .
- Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuvimbela ukukhipha ubisi nayo yonke imikhiqizo yobisi ekudleni. Funda amalebula ngokucophelela.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abane-allergies enzima bahlale bephethe i-EpiPen®.
- Lokhu kuyaphela njengoba izingane eziningi zikhula, kodwa hlola nodokotela ukuze uqiniseke.
- Ukungezwani nobisi kanye nokungabekezelelani ne-lactose yizimo ezimbili.
Ungesabi! Ngisho noma une-allergy yobisi, ngokuqwashisa kanye nokuphathwa okufanele , ungaphila impilo evamile nenempilo. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninayo yalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Ukungezwani Nobisi, Ukungezwani Nobisi, Ukungezwani Nobisi, Amaprotheni Obisi, IgE, I-Anaphylaxis, I-EpiPen, Ukungezwani Nokudla
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