Isifo esingajwayelekile esiza ngemva kokuhamba ehlathini? Ingabe kungaba yisifo seLyme?

Cishe uke wabona izilwane ezincane zinamathele emzimbeni wakho uma uhamba ehlathini noma ensimini enotshani obude. Phakathi kwalezi, amakhizane yisilwane okudingeka usiqaphele kancane. Ngoba, amanye amakhizane angabangela izifo. Esinye sezifo ezithwalwa amakhizane esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla yi-Lyme Disease.

Kuyini isifo seLyme?

Kalula nje, isifo seLyme siwukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya (uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi iBorrelia burgdorferi). Sidluliselwa kithi, uma siqondile, lapho ikhikhi ethile ephethe leli gciwane - eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhikhi lezinyamazane noma ikhikhi elinemilenze emnyama - isiluma. Akuwona wonke amakhikhi esiwabonayo avame ukuthwala lesi sifo. Amanye amakhikhi ezinkuni noma amakhikhi ezinja awathwali igciwane.

Lesi sifo ngezinye izikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "i-borreliosis." Isifo se-Lyme satholakala okokuqala ngo-1975 edolobheni laseLyme, e-USA. Lapho, izingane eziningi zaqala ukuba nezimpawu ezifana "ne-juvenile rheumatoid arthritis." Abacwaningi kamuva bathola ukuthi imbangela kwakuwukulunywa yizimpukane ezinegciwane ezazikhona endaweni.

Yiziphi izigaba ezahlukene zesifo seLyme?

Isifo se-Lyme singakhula ngezigaba. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zigaba zingahlangana futhi zihlangane. Izimpawu zingathinta isikhumba, amalunga, inhliziyo, noma uhlelo lwezinzwa. Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• Isifo seLyme esitholakale endaweni ethile ekuqaleni: Lokhu kuvame ukuhlala cishe isonto elilodwa kuya kwamane ngemva kokulunywa yizimpukane.
• Isifo seLyme esisakazeke kusenesikhathi: Lokhu kungathinta abantu inyanga eyodwa kuya kwezine ngemva kokutheleleka.
• Isifo se-Lyme esiqhubekayo sekwephuzile, esisabalala sekwephuzile noma esisanda kwephuzile: Lokhu kungathinta izinyanga ezine, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho neminyaka, ngemva kokuchayeka kuso.

Isifo seLyme sivame kangakanani?

Emazweni afana neMelika, kuthiwa iziguli ezingaba ngu-30,000 zibikwa zine-Lyme Disease minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube neziguli eziningi ezingabikwanga futhi ezingatholakalanga zinalesi sifo. Nakuba kungekho zibalo eziqondile ngesimo eSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu uma uhlala endaweni lapho kukhona khona amakhizane. Ngoba, ezweni lakithi, kukhona amakhizane ezindaweni ezifana nezindawo zamahlathi, amasimu etiye, kanye notshani.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo seLyme?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-Lyme. Nalezi zingahluka kuye ngesigaba okukhulunywe ngaso ekuqaleni.

Izimpawu zokuqala zendawo (amasonto angu-1-4)

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngokuvamile ungabona izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ibala elibomvu noma isiqephu sesikhumba: Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi 'i-erythema migrans' (EM)Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. Ukulunywa yizimpukane kuqala njengebala elincane elibomvu phakathi nesonto noma amane. Phakathi nezinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa, leli bala liyakhula futhi lingaba yindilinga, libe unxantathu, noma libe yi-oval ngesimo. Livame ukubukeka njenge-'bull's eye'. Okusho ukuthi, kunendawo ecacile phakathi nendawo enendandatho ebomvu elizungezile. Leli bala lingasukela kubukhulu bemali kuya ekumbozeni umhlane wonke womuntu. Njengoba ukutheleleka kusakazeka, amabala amaningana '(EM)' angavela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba.
• Imfiva
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga
• Ukukhathala
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele

Izimpawu ezisakazeka ekuqaleni (izinyanga ezingu-1-4)

Kulesi sigaba sesibili, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingavela:

• Ukuvela kwamabala (ukuqubuka) njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili ezingxenyeni eziningana zomzimba.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso (i-Bell's palsy). Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso lubonakala lugobile.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo, njengokuphazamiseka ohlelweni lukagesi lwenhliziyo (ukuvimba kwenhliziyo).
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma imizwa engavamile kwezinye izindawo (i-neuropathy).

Izimpawu zesigaba sokugcina (ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni kamuva) ezingase zivele uma zingelashwa

Uma lesi sifo singelashwa kahle, okulandelayo kungenzeka ngemva kwezinyanga:

• Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga okuphindaphindiwe (i-arthritis), ikakhulukazi okuthinta amalunga amakhulu njengamadolo.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, uzizwe sengathi ubuchopho bakho bumbozwe yinkungu. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'inkungu yobuchopho' . Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho (`encephalopathy`).
• I-Polyneuropathy yisimo esithinta imizwa emzimbeni wonke, esithinta isikhumba, imisipha, kanye nezitho zangaphakathi.

Isifo seLyme sitholakala kanjani?

Pho-ke, i-Lyme Disease itholakala kanjani ngempela?

Udokotela uzohlonza lesi sifo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, lokho abakubonayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba (njengendawo ebizwa ngokuthi "(EM)"), kanye nokuthi ngabe uke waba sendaweni lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane athelelekile.

Cabanga ngakho, abantu abaningi abakhumbuli noma abazi ukuthi bake balunywa yi-tick. Isizathu ukuthi la ma-tick mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi avame ukungazizwa ubuhlungu lapho eluma.

Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho lokuqala kungenayo i-Lyme disease, ngeke kudingeke wenze okunye ukuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlolwa kokuqala kungenayo i-HIV noma kungacaci, udokotela wakho uzokwenza okunye ukuhlolwa. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unesifo se-Lyme , udinga imiphumela emibili emihle (mhlawumbe eyodwa enhle nenye engaphelele).

Isifo seLyme siphathwa kanjani?

Isifo se-Lyme selashwa ngama-antibiotic . Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa i-doxycycline noma i-amoxicillin. Le mithi iyasebenza kakhulu kwisifo se-Lyme.

Isikhathi osidingayo ukuthatha imithi sincike esigabeni sesifo okuso. Ngokuvamile kuthiwa uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ukululama kwakho kuzoshesha futhi kuphelele.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele futhi bafune ukwelashwa uma bethola isifo se-Lyme. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi okwamanje bokuthi ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya embungwini. Abukho ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi isifo se-Lyme sandisa ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, vele ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ulunywa yi-tick?

Cabanga ukuthi ulunywe yikhikhi. Wenzani? Ungesabi. Nansi indlela yokususa ikhikhi:

• Ngama-tweezers abushelelezi, bamba 'ikhanda' le-tick, okungukuthi, lapho linamathele khona esikhumbeni sakho, bese ulidonsa kancane kodwa ngokuqinile phezulu lize liphume esikhumbeni sakho.
• Ungazami ukucindezela umzimba wekhakhane. Ungaze ulithinte ngezandla zakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungakubeka engozini yokuthola amagciwane emzimbeni wekhakhane.
• Geza indawo eluma amakhizane kahle ngensipho namanzi.
• Ungasebenzisi uphethroli noma ijeli likaphethroli (njengeVaseline®) ukususa amakhizane. Ungasebenzisi izinqe zikagwayi ezishisayo ukususa amakhizane. Lezi izindlela ezingalungile.
• Ungacindezeli umzimba wekhikhi ngeminwe noma nge-pliers.

Ingabe isifo seLyme singavinjelwa?

Ingabe isifo seLyme singavinjelwa ngempela ngaphambi kokuba sivele? Yebo, kungenzeka kakhulu.

Iningi labantu lithola isifo seLyme ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ehlobo, nasekuqaleni kwekwindla. Yilapho-ke amakhizane angakavuthwa evame ukuphuma ukuzondla. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ukulunywa amakhizane akuvamile ebusika.

Lezi ezibizwa ngokuthi "izimpukane zenyamazane" zivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezinamahlathi nasemadlelweni aseduze nazo. Ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni ala mahlathi namadlelweni, lezi zinambuzane ngezinye izikhathi zingatholakala ezingadini lapho izinyamazane zihamba khona. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezinotshani obunelanga, izimpukane aziphili isikhathi eside. Zoma ngokushesha futhi zife.

Ngokuvamile, cishe u-1% kuphela wawo wonke amakhizane ezinyamazane athwala amagciwane abangela isifo seLyme. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izindawo, amakhizane angaphezu kuka-50% athwala amagciwane. Amakhizane athwala lesi sifo avame kakhulu eNyakatho-mpumalanga naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-United States, kanye nasezindaweni ezisogwini.

Amakhizane anemilenze emnyama angadlulisela lesi sifo hhayi nje kuphela ezinyamazaneni, kodwa futhi nasezimpuku, ezimbotsheni, kanye nakwezinye izinhlobo zama-squirrel.

Yini okufanele uyenze ukuze uhlale uphephile ezinkingeni?

Ukuze uhlale uphephile ezinkingeni, khumbula lezi zinto:

• Xosha amakhizane, uwafake ezingutsheni zakhoUngafafaza isibulala-zinambuzane esibizwa ngokuthi `(permethrin)` . Lokhu kuyatholakala ezitolo ezithengisa izinto zengadi. Izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane eziqukethe ikhemikhali `(DEET)` zingafakwa ezingutsheni noma ngqo esikhumbeni. Kodwa funda ilebula ngokucophelela. Ungasebenzisi kakhulu. Ukufaka kakhulu kungaba yingozi.
• Gqoka amabhulukwe amade kanye namahembe anemikhono emide. Ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile emaqakaleni nasezihlakaleni kunciphisa amathuba okuthi amakhizane afinyelele esikhumbeni, futhi kunciphisa nokuchayeka ezidambisweni zezinambuzane.
• Gqoka isigqoko, faka ibhulukwe lakho emasokisini akho, bese ugqoka izicathulo ezimboza izinyawo zakho ngokuphelele.
• Gqoka izingubo ezinombala okhanyayo ukuze ukwazi ukubona kalula ukuthi ikhithi isemzimbeni wakho.
• Uma uhamba emigwaqweni nasemizileni yasehlathini, hamba phakathi nendawo. Ngaleyo ndlela, cishe ngeke ulunywe yizimpukane ezivela otshanini nasezihlahleni ezilengayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
• Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle endaweni lapho ucabanga ukuthi kungase kube khona amakhizane, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola umzimba wakho ukuthi awunawo yini amakhizane (okubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlolwa kwamakhizane'). Kubalulekile futhi ukugeza nokugeza kahle ngemva kwalokho, nokuzigcoba kahle ngendwangu noma into egcoba umzimba wakho.
• Uma unezimpukane ezingutsheni zakho, zibeke emshinini wokomisa cishe imizuzu eyi-15. Izimpukane zizokoma bese ziyafa.
• Amakhizane angangena ekhaya lakho evela ezifuyweni , ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wezilwane ngezindlela zokuvikela isilwane sakho emakhizaneni.

Liyini ikusasa lomuntu onesifo seLyme?

Esikhathini esiningi, isifo seLyme singelapheka uma selashwa ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kungaqeda isifo seLyme. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nemiphumela ethile yesikhathi eside. Uma singelashwa, isifo seLyme singaholela kwezinye izinkinga ezinkulu, kodwa akuvamile ukuba sibulale.

Isifo seLyme ngemuva kokwelashwa (i-PTLDS)

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, abanye abantu (phakathi kuka-5% no-15% wabantu) bangase baqhubeke nokukhathala, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) .

Ukuba nalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi usenalo leli gciwane. I-PTLDS ayiphenduli kuma-antibiotic amaningi. Kubantu abaningi kuleli qembu, lezi zimpawu ziyaphela kancane kancane ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Isifo seLyme esingamahlalakhona

Abanye abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "isifo se-Chronic Lyme" ukubhekisela kumuntu onesifo se-Lyme futhi onezimpawu ze-"PTLDS". Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi isifo se-Lyme esingamahlalakhona kanye ne-"PTLDS" yinto efanayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezikhathi lapho abanye abantu betholakala benesifo se-"Chronic Lyme" ngaphandle kokutholakala benesifo se-Lyme. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuthiwa ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic kuzosiza.

Leli gama kungenzeka ukuthi yingakho abanye abantu becabanga ukuthi ungathola isifo se-Lyme ngaphandle kokulunywa yi-tick. Akukabi nobufakazi obanele bokuthi omiyane bangasakaza isifo se-Lyme. Abacwaningi abaningi abathandi ukusebenzisa igama elithi 'isifo se-Lyme esingamahlalakhona' ngoba liyadida futhi liyaphikisana.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Ngakho-ke, kufanele ubonane nodokotela nini?

• Uma uzizwa ugula ngemva kokuba sendaweni lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
• Uma utholakale unesifo se-Lyme futhi ungazizwa kahle naphezu kokuthatha wonke ama-antibiotic anqunyiwe, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unezimpawu ezifana nentamo eqinile noma ukudideka.

Ingabe isifo seLyme singalapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo! Isifo se-Lyme sivame ukuphela ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamane okusebenzisa ama-antibiotic omlomo. Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ama-antibiotic afakwa emthanjeni angadingeka kuze kube amasonto amane. Kodwa-ke, asikho isizathu sokucabanga ukuthi isifo se-Lyme sizohlala emzimbeni wakho unomphela ngemva kokwelashwa.

Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule kulesi sihloko (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sikukhumbuze izinto ezimbalwa esikhulume ngazo namuhla ngesifo seLyme esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile:

• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela uma uya ezindaweni lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane (emahlathini, emadlelweni). Izinto ezifana namabhulukwe amade, amahembe anemikhono emide, nezicathulo.
• Sebenzisa isixosha izinambuzane, kodwa qaphela.
• Ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle , hlola umzimba wakho ngokucophelela ukuthi awunazo yini izimpawu.
• Uma kukhona ikhikhi, yisuse kahle. Ungesabi.
• Uma uba nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, noma indawo engajwayelekile esikhumbeni sakho (ikakhulukazi ebukeka njengesisulu), kungaba ngemva kokulunywa yikhizane noma ngemva kokuvakashela indawo lapho kunekhizane khona, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Isifo se-Lyme singelapheka uma selashwa kusenesikhathi. Thatha ama-antibiotic udokotela wakho awanikezayo ngqo futhi ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.

Ukukhumbula lezi zinto kuzokusiza kakhulu ekuvikeleni isifo se-Lyme, esidluliselwa ngamakhizane. Hlala uphilile!

Isifo seLyme , imikhaza, ukulunywa imikhaza, iBorrelia burgdorferi, i-erythema migrans, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, ukuvimbela