Unayo yini izimpawu zokuzalwa? (Izimpawu zokuzalwa) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake waphawula ibala elincane noma ukushintsha kombala esikhumbeni sakho, noma esikhumbeni somntwana wakho? Lezi zivame ukuba yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ama-birthmarks'. Zivame kakhulu, futhi ziza ngazo zonke izimo nobukhulu. Njengoba igama lisho, zivame ukuba khona lapho kuzalwa. Ezinye ziyaphela ngokuguga, kanti ezinye zingase zihlale impilo yonke, uze unqume ukuzisusa.

Ingabe izimpawu zokuzalwa ziyingozi? Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke?

Kulungile, manje cishe uzibuza ukuthi lezi zinhlayiya zokuzalwa ziyingozi noma kufanele ukhathazeke ngazo. Izinhlayiya eziningi zokuzalwa azinangozi futhi azibangeli ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlayiya zokuzalwa, isibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlungu (i-nevi yokuzalwa), ezingakhulisa ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba ngezinye izikhathi. Ngakho-ke uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinhlayiyeni zakho zokuzalwa - njengokukhula noma ukushintsha kombala - kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezimpawu zokuzalwa?

Kalula nje, izimpawu zokuzalwa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Lezi yizi:

• Izimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi : Lezi zakhiwe ngemithambo yegazi. La mabala avela lapho imithambo yegazi ingakheki kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Abizwa nangokuthi 'izimpawu zokuzalwa ezibomvu' ngoba umbala webala uvela emithanjeni yegazi esikhumbeni. Lezi ngezinye izikhathi zingaba khona lapho kuzalwa, noma zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa.
• Izimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala: Lezi zakhiwa ukuhlangana kwamaseli e-pigment (amaseli e-melanocyte). Lawa maseli yiwona anika isikhumba sethu umbala waso. Ngakho umbala walezi zimpawu zokuzalwa uhlukile kolunye uhlangothi lwesikhumba sakho. Zingaba nsundu, zibe mnyama, noma zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Manje, ingabe kufanele sixoxe ngalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ngemininingwane ethe xaxa?

Izimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi

Kulungile, ake siqale sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalezi futhi.

• Ama-hemangioma e-Strawberry : Abizwa nangokuthi i-nevus vascularis, i-capillary hemangioma, noma i-hemangioma simplex. Angavela noma kuphi emzimbeni, kodwa avame kakhulu ebusweni, ekhanda, emhlane, noma esifubeni. Akhiwe ngemithambo yegazi emincane, ehlanganisiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi awabonakali lapho ezalwa futhi angavela ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ngokuvamile akhula ngokushesha, ahlale enobukhulu obufanayo isikhashana, bese enyamalala. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-hemangioma e-strawberry ayanyamalala lapho ingane ineminyaka engaba ngu-9 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba lapho i-mole yayikhona singase sishintshe umbala noma sibe nemibimbi kancane.

• I-Cavernous hemangiomas: Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi `(Angioma cavernosum)` noma `(Cavernoma)`. Lezi zifana ne-strawberry hemangiomas, kodwa zijula ​​kancane ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Zingabukeka njengesiponji esibomvu ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inqwaba yezicubu ezigcwele igazi. Ezinye zalezi zinhlobo zamabala zizonyamalala zodwa, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi ingane yakho isikhule ngokwanele ukuqala isikole.

• Ibala le-Port-wine : Lezi yizimpawu zokuzalwa eziyisicaba, ezibomvu ngokunsomi. Zibangelwa ama-capillary egazi avulekile esikhumbeni. Zivame ukubonakala ebusweni futhi zingaba zanoma yiluphi usayizi. Amabala e-Port-wine ahlala njalo uma engalashwa. Angaba mnyama futhi aqine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke uma ebonakala emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bekhathazekile kancane ngokubukeka kwabo.

• Ama-salmon patches : Lawa abizwa nangokuthi 'ukulunywa yi-stork' noma 'izimpawu zokuzalwa ze-angel kiss'. Kuthiwa ayenzeka kuma-30% kuya kuma-50% ezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Empeleni lawa yimithambo yegazi emincane (ama-capillaries) ebonakala ngesikhumba somntwana. Avame ukubonakala ebunzini, ngaphezu kwamehlo, endebeni ephezulu, phakathi kwamashiya, kanye nangemuva kwentamo. Lawa mabala ayaphela kancane kancane njengoba umntwana ekhula.

Izimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala

Manje ake sibheke izimpawu zokuzalwa ezibangelwa amangqamuzana ombala (`(amangqamuzana e-Melanocyte)`). Nalawa ahlukile.

• I-dermal melanocytosis : Lezi zazibizwa ngokuthi 'amabala aseMongolia' ngaphambilini. Lezi zivame ukuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zibukeka njengezibazi. Zivame ukubonakala ezinqeni kanye/noma emhlane ongezansi. Kodwa-ke, zingavela nasesinqeni esiphakathi noma ezingalweni. Lokhu akusikho okufanele kukhathazeke ngakho, futhi kuvame ukunyamalala njengoba ingane ikhula.

• Ama-nevi anombala (ama-moles) : Lawa yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi ama-moles. Abukeka njengamaqhubu aphakanyisiwe esikhumbeni. Angaba nombala ofanayo nesikhumba sakho, noma angaba nsundu noma abe mnyama. Ama-moles angavela noma kuphi emzimbeni, kungaba ngawodwa noma ngamaqembu.

• I-Congenital nevi : Lezi yizinhlungu eziba khona lapho kuzalwa. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100 kuthiwa une-birthmark eyodwa noma ngaphezulu lapho ezalwa. Lezi zimpawu zokuzalwa, kuye ngobukhulu bazo, zinengozi encane yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba. I-Congenital nevi enkulu kunamasentimitha angu-20 inengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba kunezincane. Ngakho-ke, zonke i-congenital nevi kufanele zihlolwe udokotela. Futhi, uma kukhona ushintsho (umbala, usayizi, ukuma) kulezi zimpawu zokuzalwa, udokotela kufanele aziswe.

• Amabala e-café-au-lait: Lawa amabala ansundu akhanyayo, afana nombala wekhofi. Avame ukuba nesimo esiyisiyingi. Angaba khona lapho ezalwa, noma angavela eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila kwengane. Ukuba nendawo eyodwa ye-café-au-lait akufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Kodwa-ke, uma unamabala amaningana amakhulu kunosayizi wemali, kungaba uphawu lwesifo esingaphansi, njenge-neurofibromatosis. Ngakho-ke kungumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu.

Ingabe wonke umuntu unezimpawu zokuzalwa?

Ucabanga ukuthi wonke umuntu unezimpawu zokuzalwa? Izimpawu zokuzalwa empeleni zivamile kakhulu, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onazo. Ngokwezibalo, cishe u-10% wezingane ezizalwa emhlabeni wonke zinezinhlobo ezithile zezimpawu zokuzalwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ``Hemangioma''.

Izimpawu zokuzalwa zibukeka kanjani?

Ama-birthmark abukeka ehlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Usayizi, ukuma, umbala - konke lokhu kungahluka. Nazi ezinye izici ezivamile zoma-birthmark:

• Indawo esikhumbeni sakho engase ibe yisicaba noma iphakame kancane.
• Le ndawo ingahluka ngobukhulu kusukela esihlokweni sephini kuya kusayizi wesibhakela sakho.
• Umbala we-mole uhlukile kumbala wesikhumba esizungezile (opinki, obomvu, onsomi, onsundu okhanyayo, onsundu omnyama, noma omnyama).

Amabala okuzalwa anombala angakhula abe makhudlwana futhi ashintshe umbala njengoba ukhula. Lezi zinguquko zingabonakala kakhulu uma ubhekene nelanga noma ngezikhathi zokushintsha kwama-hormone (njengasesikhathini sokukhulelwa noma sokuthomba). Ngezinye izikhathi zingaluma futhi zingase ziphume igazi uma uziklwebha.

Yini ebangela izimpawu zokuzalwa?

Umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo uthi, 'Kungani kwakheka lezi zimpawu zokuzalwa?' Eqinisweni, imbangela eqondile yezi zimpawu zokuzalwa ayikatholakali. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zokuzalwa zingabangelwa izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Imithambo yegazi ayakheki njengoba kulindelekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (isizathu "sezimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi").
• Amaseli e-Melanocyte (amangqamuzana anikeza umbala wesikhumba) akhula ndawonye ngamaqoqo (isizathu sezimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala).
• Uma izinhlobo ezithile zezimpawu zokuzalwa zivela emindenini, kungaba ukuthambekela kofuzo.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezicashile nazo zingabangela izimpawu zokuzalwa. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-Nevus sebaceous syndrome, umdlavuza wesikhumba, noma i-Neurofibromatosis.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi amabala okuzalwa awabangelwa yinoma yini eyenziwe noma engenziwanga ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ayinto yemvelo.

Ingabe izimpawu zokuzalwa zingadala izinkinga?

Ama-birthmark ngokuvamile awayona inkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkinga zingavela ngama-birthmark anombala. Ikakhulukazi uma ama-birthmark etholakala endaweni efana nobuso, angaba nomthelela engqondweni.Lokhu kungaba yisizathu sokuzizwa ucasukile ngokubukeka kwakho nokulahlekelwa ukuzethemba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, ezinye izibazi zokuzalwa ezinombala zingandisa kancane ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngakho-ke uma ubona ushintsho embala, usayizi, noma ukuthungwa kophawu lwakho noma olunye, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Uma uphawu lokuzalwa lubuhlungu, luphuma igazi, luluma, noma luvuvukele, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zokuzalwa?

Ukuthola uphawu lokuzalwa ngokuvamile akuyona into enkulu kudokotela. Bazokuhlola isikhumba sakho ngokucophelela. Bese bebona ukuthi uphawu lokuzalwa luyini nokuthi luhlobo luni.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma i-mole ijule kakhulu esikhumbeni, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi kwenziwe i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), i-ultrasound, noma i-computed tomography scan ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo. Uma i-mole yakho ishintsha ngobukhulu noma ngesimo, kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukuthi kuthathwe ingxenye encane yesikhumba ukuze ihlolwe (i-skin biopsy).

Ususa kanjani uphawu lokuzalwa?

Uma ungajabuli ngendlela uphaphe lwakho lokuzalwa olubukeka ngayo futhi ufuna lususwe, ungakhuluma nodokotela ngakho. Ungalokothi uzame ukususa uphaphe lwakho lokuzalwa ekhaya, ngoba kungaba yingozi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ucabanga ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukususa ezinye izimpawu zokuzalwa.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ukususa uphawu lokuzalwa:

• Ukwelashwa nge-Cryotherapy : Ukwelashwa kusetshenziswa umkhuhlane omkhulu.
• Ukususwa nge-laser (`(Ukususwa nge-laser)`) .
• Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa (`(Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa)`) .
• Imijovo ye-Cortisone : Lokhu kusetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezithile.

Udokotela uzohlola uphawu lwakho lokuzalwa bese ekutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ngokuvamile, uphawu lokuzalwa ezinganeni luyaphathwa ngemva kokuba ingane isineminyaka engaba ngu-6 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, uma uphawu lokuzalwa luthinta ukusebenza kwezitho ezibalulekile njengokubona noma ukuphefumula, ukwelashwa kungenziwa kusenesikhathi.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Uma ukhukhamba lususwa ngokuhlinzwa, kunengozi yokuba nezibazi. Kodwa-ke, odokotela abahlinzayo baqikelela kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nezibazi. Kukhona futhi nengozi yokutheleleka ngemva kokuba ukhukhamba lususiwe. Ukuze ugweme lezi zingozi, buza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma omunye udokotela ukuthi ungalunakekela kanjani isikhumba sakho ngemva kokwelashwa ngenkathi selulama.

Ingabe izimpawu zokuzalwa zingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwezibazi zokuzalwa. Ziyinqubo yemvelo eyenzeka isikhathi esiningi. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yokuthi zishintshe umbala noma zibe umdlavuza wesikhumba ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokuvikela isikhumba sakho emisebeni yelanga eyingozi ye-ultraviolet. Gqoka isivikelo selanga uma uphuma ngaphandle, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho, futhi unciphise ukuchayeka kwakho elangeni ngezikhathi zomsebenzi omkhulu wosuku - phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma unezimpawu zokuzalwa?

Iningi lezimpaphe zokuzalwa alinangozi futhi liyinkinga nje yobuhle. Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izimpaphe zobuhle' ngoba zengeza ukuthinta okuhlukile ekubukekeni kwakho. Ezimweni eziningi, izimpaphe zokuzalwa azidingi ukwelashwa. Ama-moles afana nama-salmon patches nama-strawberry hemangioma azonyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezinye izinhlobo zezimpaphe zokuzalwa zizohlala nawe impilo yakho yonke uze unqume ukuzisusa.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ama-moles amakhulu, ikakhulukazi lawo asendaweni ebonakalayo, angathinta ukuzethemba kwakho. Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile ngokubukeka kwakho, ungenza lezi zinto:

• Khuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ngalokho okusengqondweni yakho.
• Khuluma nodokotela mayelana nokususa uphawu lokuzalwa.
• Sebenzisa izimonyo ukuze unciphise ukubonakala kophawu lokuzalwa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko kuphawu lokuzalwa olukhona, noma uma ubona amabala esikhumba amasha, bona udokotela. Qaphela kakhulu izinguquko ezinjengalezi:

• Ukopha (`(Ukopha)`)
• Ubuhlungu (`(Ubuhlungu)`)
• Ukuluma (`(Ukuluma)`)
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka (njengokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubomvu)
• Ukwanda kosayizi (`(Ukwanda kosayizi)`)
• Ukubukeka okungajwayelekile (isb., imiphetho engajwayelekile, imibala ehlukene ebonakala)

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Uhlobo luni lophawu lokuzalwa enginalo?"
• "Yiziphi izinketho enginazo zokususa lolu phawu lokuzalwa?"
• "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokususa uphawu lokuzalwa?"
• "Ingabe lolu phawu lwami lokuzalwa luzophela lodwa?"

Khumbula kafushane.

Kulungile, ngakho-ke lezi ezinye zezinto okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho.

Izimpawu zokuzalwa ziyizimpawu esikhumbeni sakho ezivame ukungabi nangozi. Azibangelwa yinoma yini eyenziwe noma engenziwanga ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ziyinto enezela ngokwemvelo ekubukekeni kwakho. Ezinye zazo zingase zibonakale noma zingabonakali.

Uma ungajabuli ngendlela i-mouse yakho ebukeka ngayo, ungakhuluma nodokotela mayelana nokuthi isuswe, futhi akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Amanye ama-mouse ayashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi akuvamile kakhulu, amanye angaphenduka ngisho nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ku-mouse yakho, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zokuzalwa, amathegi esikhumba, izifo zesikhumba, ama-hemangioma, ama-warts, umdlavuza wesikhumba, amabala ezingane