Amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani? Ake sifunde ngezivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu.

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uba nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba, noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo? Noma ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okuncane kwamaphaphu? Yilapho-ke lezi zivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu , noma "ama-PFT" ngamafuphi, ziwusizo khona. Kalula nje, zilinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho angaphefumula kahle kangakanani, nokuthi angashintshanisa umoya kahle kangakanani. Zisinika isithombe esihle sempilo yamaphaphu akho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (ama-PFT) ezikhona?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalezi `(PFTs)`. Ukuhlolwa ngakunye kubheka izici ezahlukene zamaphaphu. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko:

• I-Spirometry: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu noluvamile oluvame ukwenziwa. Lulinganisa ukuthi ungaphefumula futhi ukhiphe umoya ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ungakanani. Luphinde lunikeze umbono wokuthi ungakanani umoya ovame ukuba nawo emaphashini akho.
• Umthamo wamaphaphu noma i-plethysmography yomzimba: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi kusele umoya ongakanani emaphashini akho ngezikhathi ezahlukene, njengangemva kokuphefumula ngokujulile nangemva kokukhipha umoya ngokuphelele, kanye nokuthi unamandla angakanani emaphashini akho.
• Ucwaningo lokusabalala kwegesi: Lolu vivinyo olukhethekile ngandlela thile. Lulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho amunca kahle kangakanani amagesi, njengomoya-mpilo, egazini lakho. Okusho ukuthi, lulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kokushintshana kwegesi kusuka emaphashini akho kuya egazini lakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzivocavoca kwe-Cardiopulmonary (CPET): Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi inhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu, kanye nemisipha yakho kusebenza kanjani ndawonye ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca okufushane. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuphelelwa umoya kubangelwa amaphaphu akho, inhliziyo, noma esinye isizathu.

Kulezi, i-spirometry iyona evame ukwenziwa futhi evame ukuzwakala kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu.

Kufanele kwenziwe nini lokhu kuhlolwa kwamaphaphu (ama-PFT)?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase akucele ukuthi wenze i-PFT. Kufanele ucabangele lokhu ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:

• Uma uzwa ukuqina kwesifuba, ubuhlungu, noma ukuqina.
• Ukukhwehlela, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhubeka futhi kuza ne-phlegm.
• Uma uzizwa uphelelwa umoya, noma uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngokujulile.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, isimo odokotela abasibiza ngokuthi “i-Dyspnea”.
• Uma uzwa umsindo "wokushaya ikhwela" esifubeni sakho uma uphefumula.

Khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa udokotela angase akuncome ukuthi uphuze i-PFT njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwakho kwaminyaka yonke, noma uma ubhema, ukuze uhlole noma yiziphi izinguquko emaphashini akho.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, odokotela bangafunda okuningi kuma-PFT:

• Thola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha kwezindlela zomoya emaphashini akho.
• Thola kusenesikhathi ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho emandleni amaphaphu okumunca umoya-mpilo egazini.
• Linganisa ukuthi izifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona (izifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona) zibathinte kanjani labo abaqhubeka nokubhema.
• Thola ukuthi imithi oyinikwayo iyasiza yini ekunciphiseni ubunzima bakho bokuphefumula.
• Qonda ukuthi amaphaphu akho ayathinteka yini ngenxa yokuchayeka ezintweni ezithile emsebenzini wakho noma endaweni ohlala kuyo.
• Ngaphambi kokuba wenze noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa noma olunye ukwelashwa, nquma ukuthi amaphaphu akho angakwazi yini ukubhekana nakho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezitholakala kulezi zinhlobo ze-PFT?

Ama-PFT awawona nje ukuhlolwa okuvamile. Avame ukusiza ekuxilongeni, ekuqinisekiseni, noma ekuhloleni ubucayi bezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Isifuba somoya: Isimo esibangela ubunzima bokuphefumula esivame kubantu abaningi.
• Isifo Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu Esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD): Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu ababhemayo.
• I-pulmonary fibrosis: Lesi yisimo lapho izicubu zamaphaphu ziqina khona, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha esiza ekuphefumuleni.
• Ukuncishiswa kwe-trachea.

Ubani owenza lezi zivivinyo zokusebenza kwamaphaphu?

Lawa "(ama-PFT)" avame ukwenziwa ngudokotela wezokwelapha ophefumulayo othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ngale njongo. Uzokuchazela ukuhlolwa futhi akusize ukukwenze ngendlela efanele.

Lolu vivinyo lokusebenza kwamaphaphu lwenziwa kanjani?

Empeleni lokhu akulona inkimbinkimbi njengoba ungase ucabange.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemishini ezivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa i-'PFT'. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, kwezinye izivivinyo, ibhokisi elibonakalayo, elingenamoya (kufanele uhlale ngaphakathi kwalo), i-clip encane ethambile oyifaka ekhaleni lakho (lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uphefumule ngomlomo wakho kuphela esikhundleni sekhala lakho), i-mouthpiece oyifaka emlonyeni wakho, kanye nedivayisi encane kagesi elinganisa izinga kanye nenani lokuphefumula kwakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-'Spirometer' .

Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kwalolu vivinyo?

Ngaphambi kwe-PFT yakho, udokotela wakho noma indawo yokuhlola ingakunikeza iseluleko, njengalesi:

• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi (njenge-inhaler) owusebenzisela ubunzima bokuphefumula.Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa enembile. Ngakho-ke yenza njengoba udokotela ekutshela.
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile. Gwema izingubo eziqinile, ikakhulukazi eduze kwesifuba.
• Gwema ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile ngosuku olwandulela noma ekuseni kokuhlolwa.
• Uma usebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi (njengogwayi), yigweme okungenani amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Kuphela uma ulandela lezi zinto ngendlela efanele lapho uzokwazi ukuthola imiphumela emihle kakhulu .

Ngingadla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Akuyona into enhle ukudla ukudla okuningi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kuyinto enhle futhi ukuyeka ukuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine (njengekhofi netiye) isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, njengoba lokhu kungaba nomthelela omncane endleleni yakho yokuphefumula.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngosuku lokuhlolwa?

Kuzodingeka wenze i-"PFT" elebhu ekhethekile yokuhlola ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, evame ukutholakala esibhedlela noma emnyangweni weziguli ezingalaliswa esibhedlela.

Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuhlolwa, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzokuthathela ulwazi lomuntu siqu, olufana nalokhu:

• Ukuphakama
• Isisindo
• Ubudala
• Umjaho
• Ubulili

Lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa imiphumela yakho namanani ajwayelekile obudala bakho, ukuphakama, kanye nobulili.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuthatha ulwazi lwakho, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzokuyisa ekamelweni elinemishini ethi "PFT" futhi akunike imiyalelo ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lokuhlolwa okudingeka ulwenze.

Ku-Spirometry:

Okokuqala, kufakwa i-clip encane ethambile ekhaleni lakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kufanele uphefumule ngomlomo wakho kuphela, hhayi ngekhala lakho. Bese unikezwa i-mouthpiece. Kufanele uyibambe ngokuqinile ezindebeni zakho. Le-mouthpiece ixhunywe ku-spirometer. Bese udokotela wezokwelapha ekutshela ukuthi ungaphefumula kanjani ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Ngezinye izikhathi uzotshelwa ukuthi uphefumulele phezulu bese ukhipha umoya kancane . Ngezinye izikhathi uzotshelwa ukuthi uphefumulele phezulu bese ukhipha umoya ngokushesha nangokunzima ngangokunokwenzeka . Kufana nokucima amakhandlela ekhekheni lokuzalwa. Kufanele ukwenze lokhu izikhathi eziningana.

Ku-body plethysmography:

Kulokhu, bafaka nesiqeshana ekhaleni lakho. Bese bekwenza uhlale ngaphakathi kwebhokisi eliyisikwele elifana nengilazi. Udokotela uvala umnyango. Kufanele uhlale ngaphakathi cishe imizuzu emihlanu. Ungakhathazeki, akunzima ukuphefumula ngaphakathi.

Uma unenkinga yokuba sezindaweni ezivalekile (okungukuthi, uma "une-Claustrophobia"), tshela udokotela wakho kusenesikhathi. Uzokusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.

Njengoba uphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle usebenzisa umlomo emlonyeni wakho, i-spirometer ilinganisa izinguquko zomfutho womoya kanye nomthamo ngaphakathi kwebhokisi, ibala ubukhulu bamaphaphu akho.

Esifundweni sokusabalala kwegesi:

Nalapha futhi, isiqeshana sibekwe ekhaleni lakho. Uma ubeka isiqeshana somlomo emlonyeni wakho, umelaphi ukutshela ukuthi uphefumule umoya oqukethe inani elincane kakhulu, eliphephile le-carbon monoxide (lokhu ngeke kukulimaze), ubambe umoya wakho isikhashana, bese ukhipha umoya.

Uma ukhipha umoya, i-spirometer ilinganisa ukuthi ukhipha umoya ongakanani nge-carbon monoxide. Lokhu kunquma ukuthi ingakanani igesi emuncwa emaphashini akho iye egazini lakho.

Esivivinyweni sokuvivinya umzimba se-cardiopulmonary (CPET):

Kulokhu, umelaphi ukuxhumanisa nemishini elinganisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo egazini. Bese, bakucela ukuthi uhambe nge-treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashintshi.

Ngesikhathi uzivocavoca, lawo madivayisi aqopha idatha ehlukahlukene mayelana nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu kanye nemisipha.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kuhlolwa kwamaphaphu?

I-PFT ngokuvamile ingathatha imizuzu ephakathi kwengu-15 nengu-45 ukuqeda, kuye ngokuthi zingaki izivivinyo onazo kanye nokusekelwa kwakho.

Uma uzizwa ukhathele noma unesiyezi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ungesabi ukutshela udokotela. Ngemuva kwalokho ungaphumula bese uqala kabusha.

Ingabe lokhu kuhlolwa kubuhlungu?

Cha, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu akubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benesiyezi kancane, benomoya ophansi, noma bekhathele kancane lapho bephefumula kakhulu noma bekhipha umoya ngokushesha. Ungase ube nokukhwehlela okuncane lapho uphefumula emlonyeni. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu zizophela ngemva kwesikhashana ngemva kokuhlolwa.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, ungaqala ukuphuza noma yimiphi imithi udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uyeke, uma ikhona, bese uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile kanye nokuzivocavoca.

Uma uzizwa unesizungu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umelaphi uzokuqapha kuze kube yilapho lezo zimpawu ziphela futhi ukwazi ukuya ekhaya.

Bazokutshela nokuthi uzoyithola nini imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalolu vivinyo?

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu kuphephile kakhulu . Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, azikho izingozi ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwesiyezi esincane kanye nokukhathala ngenxa yokuphefumula ngokujulile. Lezi zimpawu nazo ziyanyamalala ngemva kwesikhashana.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu , abanye abantu bangase babe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pneumothorax (iphaphu eliwile). Futhi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho lingakhuphuka kancane ngesikhathi se-PFT. Ngakho-ke, uma usanda kuba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma unezinye izimo zenhliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha kusengaphambili.

Ziyini imiphumela engiyitholayo? Zingitshelani?

Udokotela wezifo zokuphefumula uqhathanisa amaphuzu akho okuhlolwa namanani ajwayelekile eminyaka yakho, ubude, ubulili kanye nohlanga. Kukhona "ububanzi obujwayelekile" obulindeleke kuwo wonke umuntu.

Kwenzekani uma "ngihluleka" kulolu vivinyo?

Nansi into, ayikho into ebizwa ngokuthi i-PFT "ehlulekile". Uma imiphumela yakho ingaphandle kwebanga elijwayelekile, okusho ukuthi "okungavamile," kusho ukuthi kungase kube nenkinga ngamaphaphu akho. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngakho futhi anqume ukuthi kudingeka yini ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile noma ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokwelashwa okufanele luqale. Ngakho-ke ungesabi imiphumela.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwami?

Ngokuvamile kufanele uthole imiphumela yakho ye-PFT zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa . Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa. Uma ungakayizwa impendulo evela kudokotela wakho noma emtholampilo zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, ungabuza udokotela wakho noma emtholampilo ngakho.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo samaphaphu, kungadingeka uqhubeke nalezi zivivinyo esikhathini esizayo ukuze uqaphe ukuthi isimo sakho siqhubeka kanjani.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu, akunjalo?

Iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi ama-PFT ayivivinyo elingenabuhlungu neliphephile lokuhlola impilo yamaphaphu akho. Angabona noma yiziphi izinguquko emaphethini akho okuphefumula kanye nokusebenza kwamaphaphu.

• Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma ukuqina kwesifuba, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Anganquma ukuthi udinga i-``(PFT)```.
• Landela imiyalelo enikezwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ngqo.
• Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, tshela umelaphi.
• Ungesabi imiphumela. Ngisho noma kunenkinga, ungathola ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela impilo yamaphaphu akho, ngoba amaphaphu anempilo abalulekile empilweni enempilo!

Ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu , i-PFT, i-spirometry, ubunzima bokuphefumula, i-asthma, i-COPD, izifo zamaphaphu