Ake sifunde kabanzi ngama-capillary? Imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu emzimbeni wakho!

Wake wazibuza ngemithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-capillary . Anjengemicu emincane egijima emizimbeni yethu. Ukubaluleka kwawo akunakuphikiswa. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuthi ayini la ma-capillary, ukuthi enzani, ukuthi yiziphi izifo azibangelayo, nokuthi singawagcina kanjani ephilile.

Ayini ama-capillary? Masiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, ama-capillary yimithambo yegazi emincane egijima emzimbeni wakho wonke. Afana namapayipi amancane lapho igazi ligeleza khona. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuthwala izakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo kuya emaseli ezithweni zakho nasezinhlelweni zomzimba. Aphinde athwale imfucuza, njenge-carbon dioxide , iphuma kulawo maseli.

Cabanga ngale ndlela. Kufana nomuntu oletha izinto eziningi endlini yakho bese ethatha yonke imfucuza. Lokhu kwenzeka emzimbeni wakho wonke, ezindaweni ezahlukene. Akumangalisi yini?

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zama-capillary?

Yebo, ama-capillary nawo anezimo eziningana kuye ngemisebenzi ayenzayo. Singabona izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Ama-capillary aqhubekayo anezimbobo ezincane (i-fenestrae) , noma imigodi. Lokhu kuvumela ukushintshaniswa kwezinto ngokushesha. Ungabona lolu hlobo lwama-capillary ezinso zakho, emathunjini amancane, kanye nasezindlala ze-endocrine .

2. Ama-capillary angapheli angenawo umswakama: Izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu kuphela ezingadlula odongeni lwalezi zinhlobo zama-capillary. Lezi zitholakala ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa, kanye nasezicutshini zamafutha kanye nezicubu zemisipha.

3. Ama-capillary ase-Sinusoidal: Lawa anezimbobo ezincane (i-fenestrae). Izinto ezithile kuphela ezingangena futhi ziphume ngazo. Lezi zinhlobo zama-capillary zivame kakhulu esibindini sakho kanye nasesinqeni .

Kwenzekani kuma-capillary? Uyini ngempela umsebenzi wawo?

Ama-capillary yiwona aqeda uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi. Okusho ukuthi, imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi kuxhumene ngalezi zinhlayiya. Uyazi, imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo elivela enhliziyweni liya ezithweni zomzimba. Imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile evela ezithweni zomzimba ibuyele enhliziyweni.

Ngakho-ke umsebenzi wama-capillary ukusebenza njengendawo lapho izinto ezivela emithanjeni nasemithanjeni zishintshaniswa khona . Nakuba imithambo nemithambo zithwala amagesi nezakhamzimba emzimbeni wonke, yilezi zinhlayiya ezizihambisa ezindaweni zazo ezihlosiwe, okungamaseli. Kubaluleke kakhulu, akunjalo?

Ama-capillary akhonza izitho eziningi ezahlukene kanye nezinhlelo emizimbeni yethu. Isibonelo:

• Umnkantsha: Usiza amangqamuzana egazi asanda kwakheka ukuba angene egazini.
• Ubuchopho: Nakuba bunikeza ukondla ebuchosheni, buyasiza ekwakheni isithiyo segazi nobuchopho, esivimbela izinto eziyingozi ukuthi zingangeni.
• Uhlelo lwe-endocrine: Lusiza ekuthuthweni kwama-hormone ezithweni zomzimba ezifanele.
• Izinso: Ama-capillary angaphakathi kwe-peritubular lapha ahlunga igazi, enze umchamo, bese emunca amanzi kanye ne-sodium emzimbeni.
• Isibindi: Kusiza ukususa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kanye namagciwane anezinkinga.
• Amaphaphu: Asiza ekukhipheni i-carbon dioxide futhi athathe umoya-mpilo.
• Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic: Lusiza ekuqoqeni uketshezi oluvela ezicutshini bese luqondisa kuma-lymph node.
• Amathumbu amancane: Athutha izakhamzimba ezigayiwe futhi anikeze amaseli ukudla okunempilo.

Zikuphi izinhlayiya zegazi?

Ngamafuphi, ama-capillary akuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wakho ! Angatholakala noma kuphi lapho imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi kuhlangana khona. Akhonza izicubu nezitho zakho njengenethiwekhi yama-capillary ('imibhede yama-capillary').

Zibukeka kanjani lezi? Zincane, akunjalo?

Yebo, ama-capillary ayimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi. Abacwaningi kufanele basebenzise imakroskopu ukuze bawabone. Cabanga ngakho, mancane kunezinwele zakho . I-capillary ejwayelekile ingaba ama-micrometer angu-5 (i-micrometer iyingxenye eyodwa kwenkulungwane yemilimitha!). Mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu kufanele adlule kuwo ngamunye ngamunye. I-capillary ingaphansi kwemilimitha ubude, okungangobukhulu besihloko sepeni.

Ama-capillary anezindonga ezincane kakhulu (cishe ubukhulu obuyi-micrometer eyodwa), yingakho izakhamzimba, uketshezi, kanye namagesi kungangena futhi kuphume kalula.

Ziyini izingxenye ze-capillaries?

Ama-capillary anezingqimba ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaseli:

• Amaseli e-Endothelial: Lawa atholakala ngaphakathi kwama-capillary. Alawula ukugeleza koketshezi, izakhamzimba, kanye namagesi.
• Amaseli e-Epithelial: Lawa akha ungqimba oluvikelayo oluzungeze amaseli e-endocrine.

Yiziphi izimo nezifo ezivamile ezithinta ama-capillaries?

Ama-capillary aphukile avame kakhulu. Angenzeka uma ukhwehlela noma uhlanza kakhulu. Uma la ma-capillary eqhuma, aphuma igazi, okubangela ukushintsha kombala okuncane okufana ne-petechiae esikhumbeni. Esikhathini esiningi, lawa ayaphola ngokwawo.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, nazi ezinye izimo ezingathinta ama-capillaries:

• Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi (AVM):Isimo lapho imithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni kuhlangana khona futhi kudlule ama-capillary. Lokhu kungavela nasezithweni zomzimba, esiqwini, nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.
• I-Capillary angiosarcoma: Uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza oluvela kumaseli e-endothelial futhi lungathinta ama-capillary.
• I-Capillary leak syndrome: Isimo lapho umfutho wegazi wehla khona ngokuzumayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
• I-telangiectasia ebangelwa ukopha okuzuzwe njengefa: Isifo semithambo yegazi esizuzwe njengefa lapho ukukhula okungavamile (ama-telangiectases) kukhula khona futhi kungaqhuma. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.
• Ukuwohloka kwe-macular: Ukulimala ngaphakathi kweso ngenxa yokuvuza kwe-capillary.
• I-Microcephaly-capillary malformation syndrome: I-capillary evulekile kubantu abanamakhanda amancane kunejwayelekile.
• I-Port wine stain: Uphawu lokuzalwa olubangelwa ukungakheki kahle kwama-capillary.
• I-spider angioma: Imithambo yegazi emincane ephuma endaweni ephakathi, ngokuvamile ebusweni, entanyeni, noma esifubeni. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-spider nevus noma i-spider telangiectasia.
• Uphawu lokuzalwa lwesitrobheli: Iqoqo lemithambo yegazi ebomvu emnyama ebusweni besikhumba.
• I-Vasculitis: Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungathinta nama-capillary. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuqhekeka nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezifo zama-capillary?

Izimo ezithinta ama-capillaries zingabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isicanucanu
• Isiyezi (i-vertigo)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu (ikhanda elibuhlungu)
• Ukuvuvukala
• Ukuquleka
• Ikhalenda
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• Ukwehlisa isisindo
• Ukopha ekhaleni
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba
• I-anemia
• Izinkinga zokubona

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yama-capillary?

Ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu kungenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi zikhona yini izimo ezithinta ama-capillary:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• I-Angiogram
• Ukuskena kwe-PET
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kwe-`OCT`

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zezifo zama-capillary?

Izimo ezithinta ama-capillary zingelashwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlinzwa okuncane
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi

Ngingazigcina kanjani izindlala zami ziphilile?

Udinga ukunakekela ama-capillary akho njengoba nje unakekela eminye imithambo yegazi yakho. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ukuzivocavoca okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto (imizuzu eyi-150 iyonke).
• Ukunciphisa utshwala neziphuzo ezine-caffeine.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Gwema ukubhema nokusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukuya njalo kudokotela wamehlo ukuze ahlolwe amehlo.

Futhi, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uphathe izimo ezinjengalezi ezingathinta impilo yemithambo yegazi yakho:

• Isifo sikashukela
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Ukucindezeleka

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angathola isifo se-capillary ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba kube kubi kakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uqhubeka nezinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke.

Bona udokotela uma unezimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi:

• Ukuqhuma kwe-capillary
• Uma imithambo yegazi emilenzeni ibonakala ikhulisiwe
• Uma uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba lungezwani noma luzizwa sengathi awuzwa lutho
• Uma imilenze yakho ibuhlungu ngemva kokuzivocavoca okuncane
• Uma kukhona izinguquko ezisheshayo embonweni

Uyini umehluko phakathi komthambo kanye ne-capillary?

Kulula kakhulu. Lokho okwenziwa umthambo ukuthi ngemva kokuba amangqamuzana akho esethathe lokho akudingayo egazini, athwala igazi elisele alibuyisele enhliziyweni. Imithambo ithwala igazi elinemikhiqizo engcolile njenge-carbon dioxide. Kodwa i-capillary ifana nesikhungo sokushintshana . Amangqamuzana akho athola lokho akudingayo ngaleyo ndlela, futhi amangqamuzana akho athola lokho akudingayo ngaleyo ndlela.

Uma sicabanga ngemigudu emikhulu ethwala igazi emizimbeni yethu, sivame ukukhohlwa ngala ma-capillary amancane. Kodwa yiwo athwala izinto aye ezindaweni ezifanele . Njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba wethu, nawo angaba nezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina uhlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi luphilile ngokuzivocavoca njalo nokudla ukudla okunempilo kungasiza ama-capillary akho nawo.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ama-capillary ayinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emincane, kodwa ebalulekile, emizimbeni yethu. Ngaphandle kwawo, amangqamuzana ethu abengeke athole izakhamzimba noma umoya-mpilo, futhi imfucuza ibingeke isuswe.

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Ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, okusho ukudla kahle, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema, ungagcina ama-capillary akho ephilile.

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Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, ungakhohlwa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngoba izifo eziningi kulula ukuzelapha uma zibonakala kusenesikhathi!

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usunokuqonda okungcono ngala maqhawe amancane emzimbeni wakho. Kungumsebenzi wakho ukuwanakekela kahle!

Ama - capillary, imithambo yegazi, amaseli, ukudla okunomsoco, umoya-mpilo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, impilo