Uma sizwa igama elithi 'amafutha omzimba', iningi lethu licabanga ukuthi kuyinto engadingeki futhi into edinga ukuncishiswa. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lesi zicubu zamafutha, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi amafutha omzimba, siwumsebenzi obalulekile futhi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu? Senza umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi omangalisayo kunalokho esikucabangayo. Akuyona nje indawo yokugcina amandla. Kungaphezu kwalokho, kuyisitho esisebenzayo esilawula impilo yomzimba wethu wonke. Ingabe singafunda okwengeziwe ngalokhu namuhla?
Kalula nje, iyini izicubu zamafutha?
Izicubu zamafutha, noma amafutha omzimba njengoba sonke siwazi, ziyizicubu ezikhethekile ezixhumanisayo ezisakazeke emizimbeni yethu yonke. Azikho endaweni eyodwa kuphela.
- Ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu (amafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba)
- Phakathi kwezitho zethu zangaphakathi (amafutha e-visceral)
- Futhi, lesi zicubu ezinamafutha zikhona ngisho nasemongweni wamathambo ngaphakathi kwamathambo (izicubu zamafutha zomongo wamathambo).
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko wamafutha ukugcina amandla nokuwakhipha lapho kudingeka, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuvikela, okungukuthi, isembozo esigcina umzimba ufudumele. Kuyiqiniso lokho. Kodwa manje ososayensi bathole ukuthi kwenza okungaphezu kwalokho.
Eqinisweni, izicubu zamafutha ziyisitho esisebenzayo kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwe-endocrine, njengendlala yegilo kanye ne-pancreas.
Lesi zicubu zamafutha siqukethe amangqamuzana ezinzwa ngisho nemithambo yegazi. Siphinde sixhumane njalo nezinye izitho zomzimba ngezibonakaliso zamahomoni. Ngakho-ke, izicubu zamafutha zinekhono elimangalisayo lokulawula impilo yomzimba wonke. Kodwa-ke, uma ziba ziningi kakhulu noma zincane kakhulu emzimbeni, lo msebenzi ungaphazamiseka futhi kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.
Yiziphi izinsizakalo ezinikezwa yizicubu zamafutha emzimbeni?
Kunezinto eziningi ezenzeka kulesi sikhumba esinamafutha kunalokho esikucabangayo. Bheka lolu hlu.
| Umsebenzi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukugcina nokukhulula amandla | Amakhalori engeziwe esiwadlayo agcinwa njengamafutha ukuze siwasebenzise kamuva. Uma sidinga amandla, siyawashisa lawo mafutha ukuze sikhiqize amandla. |
| Ukuvikela nokuvikela | Ivikela imizimba yethu emakhazeni nasekushiseni. Iphinde isebenze njengesivikelo esizungeze izitho ezizwelayo njengenhliziyo nezinso, izivikele ekulimaleni. |
| Ukulawulwa kwendlala nokwaneliseka | Amaseli amafutha akhiqiza ama-hormone athumela izimpawu ebuchosheni, ebatshela ukuthi "Ngilambile manje" noma "Sengisuthi manje, sengidlile ngokwanele." |
| Ukulawulwa kwe-glucose ne-cholesterol | Kusiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini kanye ne-cholesterol enempilo. |
| Ukuzwela kwe-insulin | Kusiza amangqamuzana omzimba ukuba asabele kahle ku-hormone i-insulin, ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni isifo sikashukela. |
| Ukufaka isandla ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba | Izicubu zamafutha nazo zinamaseli omzimba, asiza ekulweni nezifo. |
| Ukugaya ama-hormone ocansi | Izicubu zamafutha zinegalelo ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone ocansi njenge-estrogen kanye nokulawula ukusebenza kwawo. |
Izicubu zamafutha 'zikhuluma' kanjani nezinye izitho zomzimba?
Cabanga ngezicubu zamafutha njengesikhungo esikhulu sokuxhumana emzimbeni wethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zikhiqiza futhi zikhiphe ama-hormone, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisabela kuma-hormone avela kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Lena yindlela ezixhumana ngayo neSistimu Yethu Yezinzwa Ephakathi kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba.
Isibonelo, izicubu zamafutha zilawula ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla kanye nesidingo somzimba ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zendlala nokusutha. Ngokufanayo, uma sidla ukudla okunoshukela omningi, izicubu zamafutha zisabela ku-insulin ye-hormone ngokuguqula ushukela owengeziwe ube ama-lipid bese ziwagcina ukuze asetshenziswe kamuva.
Ama-hormone ocansi nawo athonya lapho amafutha agcinwa khona emizimbeni yethu. Izicubu zamafutha nazo zinamaseli azo omzimba. Lawa maseli asebenza ukususa amaseli amafutha afile noma ukuqala impendulo yokuvuvukala ngenxa yesikhuthazo. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinqubo kungaholela ezifweni ze-metabolic.
Kukuphi emzimbeni lapho la mafutha etholakala khona kakhulu?
Amafutha atholakala kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, kodwa kunezindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko lapho agcinwa khona.
- Izicubu ze-Adipose ezingaphansi kwesikhumba (i-SAT): Lolu ungqimba lwamafutha phakathi kwesikhumba sethu nemisipha . Lawa amafutha esiwazwayo lapho sithinta ingxenye yomzimba wethu.
- Izicubu ze-Visceral Adipose (VAT): Lolu uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu. La mafutha atholakala ngaphakathi kwesisu sethu, eduze kwezitho ezinkulu njengenhliziyo, isibindi namathumbu . Ukweqisa kwalokhu akukuhle empilweni yethu.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko, kukhona amafutha kwezinye izindawo:
- Ngaphakathi komnkantsha wamathambo
- Ezicutshini zebele
- Phakathi kwemisipha
- Eduze kwenhliziyo
- Ngaphakathi kwezinhlamvu zamehlo
- Ezintendeni nasezinyaweni
Ingabe kukhona izinhlobo zamafutha? Amafutha Amhlophe vs. Ansundu
Yebo, amafutha awafani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Amafutha amhlophe namafutha ansundu. Imisebenzi yalawa amabili nayo ihluke kakhulu.
| Isici | Izicubu Ezimhlophe Zamafutha (WAT) | Izicubu Zamafutha Ezinsundu (BAT) |
|---|---|---|
| Usayizi | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu emzimbeni. La mafutha amhlophe atholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba kanye nasezithweni zomzimba. | Kuvame ukuba khona ebuntwaneni futhi kuncipha kancane kancane njengoba iminyaka ikhula. |
| Ukubukeka kanye nesakhiwo | Inesakhiwo esilula, esakhiwe yiconsi elilodwa elikhulu le-lipid. | Iyinkimbinkimbi ngesakhiwo sayo. Iqukethe amaconsi amaningi amancane amafutha kanye nenani elikhulu lama-organelle eseli. Okuqukethwe kwensimbi kwala ma-organelle kuyinika umbala onsundu. |
| Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukuvikela umswakama, ukuvikelwa kwezitho zomzimba, kanye nokulawulwa kwamahomoni. | Ukukhiqiza ukushisa komzimba. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-thermogenesis engashibiliki. |
| Ukubaluleka | Kubalulekile ukugcina umsebenzi olinganiselayo we-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu omdala. | Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela izingane ezincane ekushiseni ngokweqile, noma ukwehla okuyingozi kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba. |
Ingabe amafutha alungele umzimba? Kwenzekani uma enganele?
Amafutha abalulekile empilweni yethu. Kodwa inkinga isebuningini bawo. Njenganoma yini, amafutha amaningi kakhulu awalungile, futhi awancane kakhulu. Zombili lezi zinto zibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinhlelo zokulawula izicubu zamafutha.
Amazinga amafutha anempilo angahluka phakathi kuka-10% no-35% kuye ngobudala nobulili.
Uma uthola ukukhuluphala kakhulu (Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile):
Uma umzimba uphelelwa yindawo yokugcina amafutha, amaseli amafutha akhona aphoqeleka ukuba akhule abe makhulu nakakhulu. Lokhu kukhula kwamaseli amafutha kuhlobene ngqo nokuvuvukala okungapheli kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene ze-metabolic ezihambisana nakho.
Uma amafutha ephansi kakhulu:
Ngokumangalisayo, ukwehla okungavamile kwamafutha emzimbeni nakho kubangela into efanayo naleyo echazwe ngenhla, ngoba umzimba nawo awusenaso isikhala esanele sezicubu sokugcina amafutha (ama-lipid).
Ezinye zezimo zezokwelapha eziyinhloko ezingaba khona ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezicubu zamafutha yilezi:
- Ukumelana ne-insulin: Lesi yimbangela eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezimpawu zendlala nokwaneliseka: Lokhu kuholela ekukhuluphaleni ngokweqile.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo senhliziyo.
- Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, njengesifo sesibindi esinamafutha .
Ngakho-ke, singazigcina kanjani lezi zicubu ezinamafutha ziphilile?
Ukuze uthole okuningi ngezicubu zakho zamafutha, udinga ukuzigcina zisezingeni elinempilo. I-Body Mass Index (BMI) ingaba yindlela ewusizo yokuthola umbono oqondile wokuthi unamafutha angakanani emzimbeni wakho. Leli shadi likunikeza isilinganiso samafutha omzimba wakho ngokusekelwe ekuphakameni nasesisindoni sakho.
Kodwa khumbula, i-BMI imane nje iyi-generalization. Ayinembile ngokuphelele ngoba ayibheki inani lemisipha namanzi emzimbeni wakho.
Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho bese uthola ulwazi oluqondile ngawe. Udokotela wakho angabe esecabangela ibhalansi yamafutha omzimba wakho, imisipha, kanye namazinga amanzi bese ezibekela imigomo enengqondo yokwehlisa noma ukuzuza isisindo.
Njengesivikelo esijwayelekile, akudingeki ucabange kakhulu ngezinombolo.
- Zama ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo .
- Vivinya umzimba njalo .
Odokotela batusa ukuthi wenze okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokuvivinya umzimba okulingene izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto. Lokho kungaba ukuhamba ngokushesha, ukugibela ibhayisikili, ukubhukuda, noma ukunakekela ingadi. Uma wenza ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima njengokugijima noma ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, kabili noma kathathu ngesonto kwanele.
Ekugcineni, amafutha omzimba akuyona nje indlela yokugcina izinto. Luhlelo olumangalisayo olusebenzisana nomzimba wethu wonke ukuze kulondolozwe i-metabolism homeostasis. Ngakho-ke, njenganoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lomzimba, uhlelo lwezicubu zamafutha lufanelwe yinhlonipho nokunakekelwa kwethu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amafutha omzimba (izicubu zamafutha) akuyona nje indawo yokugcina amandla, iyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu nesisebenzayo esikhiqiza ama-hormone futhi silawule impilo yethu.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafutha: amafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba kanye namafutha angaphakathi. Amafutha amaningi azungeze izitho zomzimba ayingozi kakhulu empilweni.
- Kokubili amafutha amaningi kakhulu kanye nokuncane kakhulu kungabangela isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nezinye izifo ze-metabolic.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amazinga amafutha anempilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo.
- Uma unenkinga mayelana nesisindo sakho noma amazinga amafutha emzimbeni, ungaqageli, futhi funa iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi.
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