Uyazi yini ngama-fighter emzimbeni wakho? Lawa angama-monocyte!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi kukhona amaqhawe amancane ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, alwa impi enkulu yokusisindisa ezifweni? Elinye iqembu elikhethekile lamaseli libizwa ngokuthi ama-monocyte . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi lawa ma-monocyte ayini nokuthi abaluleke kangakanani emizimbeni yethu.

Ziyini lezi monocytes?

Kalula nje, ama-monocyte awuhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi (i-leukocyte) egazini lakho. Uyazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi afana namasosha ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Ngakho la maqhawe abizwa ngokuthi ama-monocyte yiwo athola futhi abhubhise amagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu, njengegciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, kanye ne-protozoa. Akukhona lokho kuphela, asusa namaseli athelelekile. Kufana namaphoyisa abamba amasela. Ama-monocyte akhuluma namanye amaseli amhlophe egazi athi, "Kunenkinga lapha, woza usize!" Asiza ekwelapheni amanxeba futhi avimbele ukutheleleka.

Kwenzekani kuma-monocyte?

Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengeqembu elincane lomlilo. Yileyo ndlela lawa ma-monocyte asebenza ngayo. Ukuphila kwawo kuqala emnkantsheni wakho wamathambo. Umnkantshe wamathambo uyizicubu ezithambile, ezithambile ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu. Yilapho lawa ma-monocyte ezalwa khona, akhule, futhi aqeqeshelwe ukuvikela umzimba wakho. Uma eseqeqeshwe kahle, lawa ma-monocyte ajoyina igazi lakho kanye nezinye izicubu, elungele ukuvikela umzimba wakho ezitheni ezifana namagciwane.

Uma igciwane lingena emzimbeni wakho, lifana nomlilo. Ama-monocyte ezwa lesi "sixwayiso somlilo." Ashesha angene esenzweni bese ecisha "umlilo." Ukuze asize kule mpi, ama-monocyte akho ahlukana abe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaseli:

• Amaseli e-dendritic: Lawa yiwo atshela amanye amaseli amhlophe egazi ukuthi "aze asize!"
• Ama-Macrophage: Laba yibo abaya phambili balwe namagciwane.

Ayini amaseli e-dendritic? Enzani?

Amaseli e-dendritic afana nesikhungo solwazi somnyango wakho womlilo. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukutshela amanye amaseli emzimbeni ukuthi, "Kunenkinga lapha, joyinani empini." Lawa maseli e-dendritic atholakala kakhulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu, ezicutshini ezimboze ikhala lethu, amaphaphu, isisu kanye namathumbu.

Uma igciwane lingena ezicutshini zomzimba, amangqamuzana e-dendritic aqoqa i-antigen yegciwane elihlaselayo. I-antigen imane nje "iyimpawu yokuqashelwa" egciwaneni. Lapho isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sibona lolu phawu, sithi, "O, lona akayena omunye wethu, ngomunye umuntu." Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sibe sesenza ama-antibodies ngokumelene nalo.Aqala ukwakha. Okulandelayo, amaseli e-dendritic akhipha amaprotheni akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-cytokine . Lawa ma-cytokine athumela umlayezo kwamanye amaseli amhlophe egazi, ethi, "Woza lapha uzobhubhisa lo mhlaseli."

Kwenzekani kuma-macrophage?

Ama-macrophage angamaseli alwa ngqo namagciwane afana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, kanye nama-protozoa angena emizimbeni yethu. La ma-macrophage azungeza igciwane elihlaselayo, aligubungele, futhi alibhubhise ngama-enzyme awo anobuthi. Akukhona lokho kuphela, la ma-macrophage asiza nasekususeni amaseli afile ezicutshini zethu nasegazini. Njengabaqoqi bemfucuza.

Zibukeka kanjani lezi monocytes?

Ama-monocyte uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwamaseli amhlophe egazi emzimbeni wethu. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, cishe aphindwe kabili ngobukhulu beseli elibomvu legazi! Uma ebhekwa nge-microscope, lawa ma-monocyte abonakala kalula ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu. Iseli le-monocyte line-nucleus enama-bilobe. Le nucleus intanta engxenyeni ewuketshezi ebizwa ngokuthi i-cytoplasm .

Njengoba i-monocyte ihambahamba emzimbeni, isimo sale nucleus siyashintsha. Ingathatha izimo ezifana nalezi:

• Kubunjwe njenge-peanut enezimbobo
• Okumise okwesicathulo sehhashi
• Esimweni sendilinga ethambekele ohlangothini olulodwa
• Esimweni sendilinga egobile ngaphakathi

Atholakala kuphi ama-monocyte?

Ama-monocyte akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wamathambo, okuyizicubu ezithambile ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho. Uma lawa maseli esevuthiwe, aya ezicutshini zakho. Lapho, ahlangana namanye amaseli ohlelweni lwakho lokuzivikela komzimba ukuze akuvikele ekuthelelekeni.

Kufanele kube nini inani lakho lama-monocyte elijwayelekile?

Inani elijwayelekile lama-monocyte kumuntu omdala onempilo liphakathi kuka-2% no-8% wenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi lakho. Lokho kusho ukuthi phakathi kwama-monocyte angu-200 no-800 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi. Kodwa-ke, la manani angahluka kancane kuye ngelebhu ehlola isampula yegazi lakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani lama-monocyte akho liphezulu noma liphansi, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola imbangela.

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta ama-monocytes?

Lezi zimo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngenani lama-monocyte egazini lakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka noma ukugula, la ma-monocyte anganda noma anciphe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukungalingani ekubalweni kwama-monocyte kungaba umphumela wemithi ethile.

I-Monocytosis - ukwanda kwama-monocytes

Ukwanda kwama-monocytes kushoI-monocytosis ingaba uphawu lwezimo eziningi ezahlukene zezokwelapha. Ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezithelelanayo njenge- mononucleosis noma izifo ezizimele njenge- lupus . Izinto ezingabangela ukwanda kwama-monocytes zifaka:

• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo
• Izinkinga zegazi
• Umdlavuza
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukucindezeleka okungapheli
• Ukutheleleka (kwesikhathi esifushane kanye nesikhathi eside)
• Izinkinga zokuvuvukala
• Ukukhulelwa

I-Monocytopenia - Ukwehla kwama-monocytes

I-Monocytopenia yilapho amazinga akho e-monocyte ephansi. Noma yini ehlisa inani lamaseli akho amhlophe egazini ingabangela ukwehla kwama-monocyte. Izinto ezingabangela ukwehla kwama-monocyte zifaka:

• I-anemia ye-Aplastic (ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamaseli ngomnkantsha wamathambo)
• Ukutheleleka ngegazi
• Ukulimala kokusha
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yama-monocyte akho?

Impilo yama-monocyte akho ihlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kunezivivinyo ezimbili ezingasho ngqo ukuthi unamangqamuzana ama-monocyte amangaki emzimbeni wakho:

• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kanye nokubalwa komehluko: Lokhu kubala zonke izinhlobo ezinhlanu zamaseli amhlophe egazi kusampula yakho yegazi futhi kunquma ukuthi inani lamaseli akho livamile, liphezulu, noma liphansi.
• Inani lama-monocyte aphelele: Lokhu kubala ngqo ukuthi zingaki ama-monocyte kusampula yegazi lakho.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezimo ezihlobene ne-monocyte?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani lakho lama-monocyte liphansi noma liphezulu, ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu ezithile ngenxa yenani lakho lama-monocyte. Kunalokho, noma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo zivame ukuba umphumela wesimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangele ukuthi inani lakho lama-monocyte libe elingavamile.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko uma unezimpawu ezingavamile.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izimo ezihlobene ne-monocyte?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekuxilongweni kwakho kanye nobunzima besimo sakho. Kungaba lula njengokushintsha lokho okudlayo noma okuphuzayo, noma kungase kuhilele ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kwesimo esiyisisekelo.Kungaba yingozi njengokuyelapha. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma indlela engcono kakhulu yokwandisa noma ukunciphisa inani lama-monocyte akho, kuye ngokuthi uxilongwe yini.

Indlela yokunciphisa ukwanda kwama-monocytes?

Izinto ezisiza ekunciphiseni inani lama-monocytes yilezi:

• Ukugwema ukudla okubangela ukuvuvukala nokucasuka.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo .
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukulawula noma ukwelapha isimo sezokwelapha esikhona.

Indlela yokwandisa inani eliphansi lama-monocyte?

Izinto ezisiza ukwandisa inani lama-monocytes yilezi:

• Ukushintsha umthamo kanye nesikhathi semithi njengoba kufanele (njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela).
• Ukulawula izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo.
• Ukwelapha izifo ezikhona.
• Uma unesifo sokuntuleka kwamavithamini, thatha amavithamini (isib. amavithamini B12, C, D ) ukuze uqinise amasosha omzimba wakho.

Ngingawagcina kanjani ama-monocyte ami ephilile?

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze ugcine amaseli akho e-monocyte ephilile:

• Zivikele ekulimaleni nasekuthelelekeni.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo futhi uvivinye umzimba ngokwanele.
• Landela imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, njengokugeza izandla zakho njalo .
• Ungabhemi.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka.
• Lala ngokwanele.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Manje usuyaqonda ukuthi ama-monocyte abaluleke kangakanani ekugcineni amasosha omzimba ethu ephilile. Afana nabacishi bomlilo emzimbeni wethu! Yibo abavimba ukusabalala "komlilo" (ukutheleleka) kusuka kumagciwane kuya ezicutshini nasegazini lethu. Ngakho-ke, ungagcina ama-monocyte akho ephilile ngokwenza izinto eziqinisa amasosha omzimba wakho, njengokulala ngokwanele, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukulandela imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, nokugwema izifo. Khumbula njalo, uma uzizwa ugula noma ushintsha, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ama - Monocyte, Amaseli Amhlophe Egazi, Ukungavikeleki Emzimbeni, Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi, Ukutheleleka, Impilo, Ama-Monocyte