Sonke sizizwa somile kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi kuyinto evamile, nokuthi ukuphuza amanzi amancane kuzokulungisa. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lokhu koma ngokweqile kungaba uphawu lokuthi i-sodium egazini lakho (ingxenye kasawoti esiwudlayo) inyukile futhi izinga lamanzi akho lehlile? Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-hypernatremia kwezokwelapha.
I-Hypernatremia: Kalula nje, ukwanda kwe-sodium emzimbeni
Kalula nje, i-hypernatremia yilapho igazi lakho line-sodium eningi kakhulu namanzi amancane kakhulu. I-sodium iyi-electrolyte emizimbeni yethu. Odokotela balinganisa lokhu uma izinga le-sodium egazini lingaphezu kwama-milliequivalents angu-145 ngelitha. Izinga elijwayelekile lomuntu ophilile kufanele libe phakathi kuka-136 no-145.
Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu asebekhulile . Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha nazo zingandisa ingozi. Kodwa imbangela evame kakhulu ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okuwukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Kodwa uma ungumuntu ophilile, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka nge-hypernatremia ebangelwa ukudla usawoti omningi ekudleni kwakho, ngoba umzimba wethu ulawula kahle leli zinga le-sodium.
Imizimba yethu iyamangalisa. Lapho ibhalansi ye-sodium namanzi egazini lethu ingasasebenzi kahle, imizimba yethu iyayibona bese iqala ukuyilungisa. Lapho amazinga e-sodium ephezulu, akwenza uzizwe womile futhi akukhuthaze ukuthi uphuze amanzi. Aphinde akhiqize ama-hormone afana ne-aldosterone kanye ne-antidiuretic hormone (ADH), anciphisa inani lamanzi izinso zakho ezikhipha futhi ziwagcine. Ngaleso sikhathi, umchamo wakho uba phuzi omnyama futhi ugxile kakhulu. Ngale ndlela, imizimba yethu ngokwemvelo izama ukugcina leli bhalansi ngokukhipha i-sodium eningi kanye nokugcina amanzi.
Okuphambene ne-hypernatremia yi-hyponatremia. Lokhu ukwehla kwamazinga e-sodium egazini. Lokhu kungaba yingozi futhi. Ngakho-ke, kokubili ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokweqile kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokweqile akukuhle.
Kungani i-sodium ibaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu?
Sivame ukuzwa, "Ungadli usawoti omningi, unyusa umfutho wegazi." Kuyiqiniso lokho. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi i-sodium iyisakhi esibalulekile emizimbeni yethu?
- Kuhlelo lwezinzwa: I-Sodium ibalulekile ekuthumeleni imiyalezo ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa, njengezibonakaliso zikagesi. Lezi zibonakaliso yizo ezibangela ukuba imisipha yethu ifinyele bese sinyakaza.
- Umfutho wegazi: Uma inani le-sodium egazini landa, kufakwa amanzi amaningi egazini ukuze lilingane. Lokhu kwandisa umthamo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi futhi kwandisa umfutho wegazi.
- Ukuze kube nebhalansi yoketshezi emaseli:I-Sodium isiza ekulawuleni inani loketshezi olungena noluphuma kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypernatremia?
I-Hypernatremia ivame ukubangela izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kodwa ezinye izimpawu zibangelwa imiphumela ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
| Izimpawu eziyinhloko |
|---|
| - Ukoma ngokweqile, okungabekezeleleki |
| - Ukungahlaliseki nokucasuka |
| - Ukudideka |
| - Ukulala ngokweqile kanye nokuzola |
| - Isikhumba sizwakala sithambile |
| - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo |
| - Uma isimo sibi kakhulu: Ukuquleka noma i-coma |
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-hypernatremia?
Le ngozi ikhona noma nini lapho amanzi elahleka emzimbeni, kodwa hhayi i-sodium.
- Uhudo nokuhlanza (i-Gastroenteritis): Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kulahleka amanzi amaningi emzimbeni.
- Ukusha: Uma isikhumba sisha, inani elikhulu loketshezi liyaphuma kuso.
- Ukujuluka ngokweqile: ngenxa yomkhuhlane, ukushisa okukhulu, noma ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile.
- Izinkinga zezinso: Lapho izinso zingakwazi ukulawula kahle amanzi kanye ne-sodium.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Kusifo sikashukela esingalawuleki (i-Hyperglycemia), amanzi angaphezulu akhishwa emchameni.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukoma: Umuzwa wokoma uyancipha ngokuguga kanye nakwezinye izifo zezinzwa.
- Isifo Sikashukela Insipidus: Lesi yisifo esingavamile. Sibangelwa inkinga ye-hormone (i-vasopressin) elawula amanzi emzimbeni, okubangela ukuchama ngokweqile.
- Ukuphuza i-sodium ngendlela engalungile: Ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa ukufaka usawoti omningi kakhulu lapho wenza ubisi lwengane, uthatha amaphilisi amaningi kasawoti, noma uphuza amanzi olwandle. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungashayela ne-National Poison Information Center e-National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Udokotela uhlonza futhi aphathe kanjani lokhu?
Udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa lokhu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa komchamo.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukubuyisela amanzi alahlekile emzimbeni nokulungisa ibhalansi ye-sodium namanzi.
- Uma isimo singesibi kakhulu: Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uphuze amanzi noma ezinye izinto eziwuketshezi (iziphuzo eziqukethe ama-electrolyte).
- Uma isimo sibi kakhulu: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi unikezwe usawoti (i-IV fluids) ngqo emthanjeni.
Nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu: Leli zinga le-sodium kufanele lehliswe kancane kakhulu nangokucophelela . Uma lincipha ngokuzumayo, amangqamuzana obuchopho angagcwala amanzi futhi avuvuke (i-cerebral edema). Lokhu kungabangela ukulimala kobuchopho unomphela noma ukuxhuzula. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
Ingabe ukudla usawoti omningi kuyisithiyo sokwehlisa isisindo?
Leli futhi liphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Ukudla esikudlayo okupakishwe futhi okuthengwa esitolo kugcwele i-sodium (usawoti). Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi abantu abadla ukudla okunosawoti omningi banamathuba amaningi okuthola amafutha emzimbeni futhi bakhuluphale kakhulu.
Cabanga ngakho, ukudla okunosawoti kunambitheka kangcono. Yingakho sidla kakhulu. Futhi, ukudla ukudla okunosawoti kusenza some. Bese sivame ukuphuza iziphuzo ezinoshukela (i-soda). Konke lokhu kunezela ekukhuluphaleni.
Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula umfutho wegazi kanye nesisindo somzimba ukudla ukudla okusha ngangokunokwenzeka okwenziwe ekhaya .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hypernatremia ukwanda kwe-sodium kanye nokwehla kwamanzi egazini. Imbangela eyinhloko ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukoma ngokweqile, ukudideka, kanye nokulala ngokweqile yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Ungazinaki lezi.
- Le ngozi iphakeme ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu asebekhulile. Qiniseka ukuthi baphuza amanzi anele.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinkulu njengokuquleka noma ukungazi, myise ngokushesha esibhedlela e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).
- Amazinga e-sodium kufanele ehliswe kancane kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela kunokuthi welaphe ekhaya.
- Ukunciphisa usawoti ekudleni kwakho kungasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokulawula isisindo.
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