Ufuna ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini okuqukethwe yi-alcohol egazini lakho (i-BAC)?

Sonke siyaphuza kancane ngezinye izikhathi, akunjalo? Kodwa wake wacabanga ukuthi utshwala obuphuzayo buthinta kanjani umzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi inani elingena egazini lakho? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuqukethwe kotshwala egazini' noma i-BAC. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, kalula.

Kuyini lokhu okuqukethwe utshwala egazini (BAC)?

Kalula nje, inani lotshwala egazini lakho yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) . Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'izinga lotshwala egazini'.

Utshwala luyinto edakayo ezintweni ezifana nobhiya, iwayini, notshwala esibuphuzayo. Ngokwesayensi, lubizwa ngokuthi i-ethyl alcohol, noma i-ethanol . Uma uphuza isiphuzo esidakayo, utshwala bungena egazini lakho ngokushesha kakhulu busuka esiswini sakho nasemathunjini amancane.

Kodwa utshwala bufana nobuthi emizimbeni yethu. Yingakho isibindi sethu sisebenza ukuhlunga lobu tshwala futhi sibususe egazini lethu. Bufana nesihlungi.

Cabanga ngakho manje, uma uphuza utshwala ngokushesha kunokuba isibindi sakho singabuqeda, khona-ke izinga lakho lotshwala egazini, noma i-BAC, liyakhuphuka. Yilapho uqala khona ukuzizwa 'uphezulu'. Lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi ukudakwa .

Ngokwesilinganiso, isibindi sethu singacubungula cishe isiphuzo esisodwa ngehora. Isiphuzo esisodwa ngokuvamile singaba ama-ounces angu-12 kabhiya, ama-ounces angu-5 ewayini, noma ama-ounces angu-1.5 otshwala. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi okuqukethwe utshwala kohlobo ngalunye lobhiya noma iwayini kungahluka.

Yiziphi izinto ezithinta i-BAC yakho?

Okuqukethwe kotshwala egazini lakho, noma i-BAC, kungahluka kuye ngezici eziningana. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele:

• Inani lotshwala ophuzayo: Uma uphuza kakhulu, i-BAC yakho iyanda, kulula kanjalo.
• Isivinini ophuza ngaso: Uma uphuza ngokushesha kakhulu, i-BAC yakho izokhuphuka ngokushesha ngoba isibindi sakho asinaso isikhathi sokusicubungula.
• Inani lokudla okudlile ngaphambi kokuphuza: Uma uphuza ungenalutho esiswini, utshwala bungena egazini ngokushesha. Uma uphuza kanye nokudla, buyalawulwa ngandlela thile.
• Ubudala bakho kanye nesisindo: Abantu abasebasha kanye nalabo abanesisindo esincane ngokuvamile bathinteka kakhulu utshwala. Futhi, abesifazane bangakhuphula i-BAC yabo ngokushesha kunabesilisa, kuye ngokuthi banamanzi namafutha emizimbeni yabo.

Athini amazinga e-BAC? Asithinta kanjani?

Utshwala buyasicindezela isimiso sethu sezinzwa esiyinhloko , okusho ukuthi buthinta ubuchopho bethu nazo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba wethu.

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi amazinga e-BAC ahlukene akuthinta kanjani ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo:

• I-BAC 0.0%:Lokhu kusho ukuthi abukho utshwala egazini lakho. Usuphuze ngokuphelele.
• I-BAC 0.02%: Kuleli zinga, ungase uzwe ushintsho oluncane esimweni sengqondo, ukucasuka, kanye nokwehla okuncane kokwahlulela. Ungase futhi ukhulume okwengeziwe.
• I-BAC 0.05%: Kuleli zinga, ungase uzizwe ukhululekile kancane, okusho ukukhathazeka okuncane. Kodwa-ke, ukugxilisa ingqondo nokwahlulela kwakho nakho kuyaphazamiseka. Lokhu kuyingozi ezintweni ezifana nokushayela.
• I-BAC 0.08%: Lona umkhawulo osemthethweni wokushayela emazweni amaningi. Kuleli zinga, ikhono lokulawula izinto ezifana nezitho zomzimba ngendlela efanele, okungukuthi ukuhambisana kwemisipha, liyancipha, kuba nzima ukubona ingozi, futhi ukwahlulela nokucabanga okunengqondo kuyaphazamiseka.
• I-BAC 0.10%: Kuleli zinga, isikhathi sokusabela siyancipha, inkulumo iba yimbi, futhi isivinini sokucabanga siyancipha.
• I-BAC 0.15%: Kuleli zinga, ungase ube nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, kanye nokungakwazi ukulawula eminye imisipha.
• I-BAC 0.15% kuya ku-0.30%: Kulolu hlu, ungase uhlangane nokudideka , ukuhlanza, kanye nokozela ngokweqile.
• I-BAC 0.30% kuya ku-0.40%: Kulolu hlu, usengozini enkulu yokuba nobuthi botshwala . Lokhu kungaba yisimo esisongela impilo. Ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha.

Qaphela: Ukudakwa utshwala kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma umuntu ephuze utshwala obuningi futhi ekhombisa lezi zimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

• Uma i-BAC yakho ingaphezu kuka-0.40%: Leli izinga elingaba yingozi. Ungaba se-coma, uyeke ukuphefumula (ukuma kokuphefumula), futhi uze ufe.

Ingabe kufanele sifunde nangokubekezelela utshwala?

Kukhona abanye abantu, uma beqhubeka nokuphuza utshwala, abazizwa 'bedakiwe' njengakuqala, yize bephuza inani elifanayo. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi ukubekezelela utshwala .

Kodwa into ebalulekile lapha ukuthi noma bezizwa 'bephezulu' kancane, okuqukethwe kwabo kotshwala egazini (BAC) akwehli. Okusho ukuthi, kushintsha kuphela indlela abazizwa ngayo ngemiphumela yotshwala. Ngakho-ke, kungaba yingozi ukucabanga ukuthi, 'Ngeke ngigule ngokuphuza lokho. '

Kudingeka nini ukuhlolwa kwe-BAC?

Ngakho-ke, kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukwenza lolu vivinyo lwe-BAC? Kunezizathu eziningana:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: Umuntu ophuze utshwala obuningi kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane, okuholela ekubeni noshevu wotshwala.Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuthola isimo esifana nalesi. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuqapha izinkinga zokusebenzisa utshwala: Uma umuntu ewumlutha wotshwala futhi esehlelweni lokwelashwa, lezi zivivinyo ze-BAC zingasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi uyaqhubeka yini nokuyeka utshwala.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwendawo Yokusebenza: Ezinye izinhlangano zingase zenze lokhu kuhlolwa lapho ziqasha abasebenzi abasha, njalo ngesikhathi sokuqashwa kwazo, noma uma kwenzeka ingozi emsebenzini, ukuze kubonakale ukuthi basebenzise utshwala yini.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezomthetho: Kunezikhathi lapho ukuhlolwa kwe-BAC kungadingeka njengengxenye yenqubo yezomthetho. Isibonelo, kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi ingane encane ibanjwe iphuza utshwala, ukuthola ukuthi othile usesesivivinyweni sokuhlolwa, noma ukuthola ukuthi othile udakiwe ngokusemthethweni ngenkathi eshayela.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-BAC kwenziwa kanjani? Ngubani okwenzayo?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi ubani owenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-BAC nokuthi kanjani. Ngokuvamile, kwenziwa ngumuntu oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ukudonsa igazi. Sibabiza ngokuthi ochwepheshe be-phlebotomist . Kodwa noma yisiphi isisebenzi sezempilo esiqeqeshwe ukudonsa igazi singakwenza lokhu. Bese leli sampula legazi lithunyelwa elabhorethri. Lapho, ososayensi belabhorethri yezokwelapha basebenzisa imishini ekhethekile (abahlaziyi) ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa.

Nakhu ongakulindela uma unikela ngegazi:

• Uzohlaliswa esihlalweni. Isisebenzi sezempilo sizobe sesibheka izingalo zakho bese sithola umthambo olula wokukhipha igazi kuwo. Ngokuvamile, kukhethwa umthambo ngaphakathi kwendololwane.
• Ngemva kokuthola umthambo, indawo iyahlanzwa kahle bese kufakwa umuthi wokulwa namagciwane.
• Bese kufakwa inaliti encane emthanjeni wakho bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi. Kuleli qophelo, ungase uzizwe sengathi ulunywa yintuthwane encane. Ungakhathazeki, kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.
• Ngemva kokufaka inaliti, inani elincane legazi liqoqwa epayipini lokuhlola.
• Ngemva kokuthathwa kwesampula yegazi, inaliti iyasuswa bese kubekwa ucezu lwekotini noma i-gauze endaweni ukuze kumiswe ukuphuma kwegazi.
• Ekugcineni, kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni. Yilokho kuphela, umsebenzi usuqedile!

Le nqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokuba isisebenzi sezempilo sithathe isampula yegazi lakho, lithunyelwa elabhorethri. Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa isifikile, umuntu o-ode ukuhlolwa (udokotela noma isikhulu esifanele) uzokwazisa ngemiphumela.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-BAC?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyinto evamile kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Azikho izingozi ezinkulu ezihilelekile. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu noma ulimale kancane lapho igazi likhishwe khona. Kodwa lokho kuzophola ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Ithini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-BAC?

Imiphumela yombiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwe-BAC ingavela ngezindlela ezahlukene, kuye ngelebhu eyenze ukuhlolwa.

Ngokuvamile, imiphumela inikezwa njengephesenti lotshwala egazini (iphesenti le-BAC). Isibonelo, i-0.03% BAC .

Ngezinye izikhathi kungashiwo nangokuthi amagremu nge-milliliter (g/mL). Ngakho-ke, uma sithatha isibonelo esifanayo, umphumela ungaba ngu -0.03 g/100 mL .

Eminye imibiko ingase ithi 'ilungile' noma 'ingalungile'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubunalo utshwala egazini lakho noma ubungenalo.

Okubalulekile, isikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-BAC singathinta ukunemba kwemiphumela. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kunembe kakhulu phakathi namahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-12 kusukela ekuphuzeni kwakho kokugcina. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma, kuye ngesimo sakho, ummeli.

Uyini umkhawulo we-BAC osemthethweni?

Emazweni amaningi, umkhawulo osemthethweni wokushayela utshwala kubashayeli abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-21 okwamanje ungu -0.08% BAC . Kwezinye izindawo, lo mkhawulo ungaba ngaphansi kuka-0.05% BAC. Njengakuyo yonke imithetho, le mikhawulo engokomthetho ingashintsha.

ESri Lanka, ukushayela uphuze utshwala akuvunyelwe nhlobo. Uma kutholakala ukuthi uphuze utshwala ekuhlolweni kwe-breathalyzer, okusetshenziswa ngamaphoyisa, kuyicala elijeziswayo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungashayeli uma uphuza utshwala, kunokuba uzibuze ukuthi 'yini umkhawulo?'

Kulabo abaneminyaka yobudala esemthethweni yokuphuza utshwala, ukuphuza ngokulinganisela kungase kungabi yinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma uphuza utshwala obuningi ngesikhathi esifushane, noma uma uphuza utshwala obuningi njalo, ungase ubeka impilo yakho engozini. Uma unenkinga ngemikhuba yakho yokuphuza utshwala, bheka udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe. Ndawonye, ​​ningakha uhlelo lokuthuthukisa imikhuba yenu kanye nempilo yenu.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ake sikhumbule izinto ezibalulekile kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Okuqukethwe kotshwala egazini (i-BAC) yizinga lotshwala egazini lakho. Uma landa, lithinta izinto ezifana nokwahlulela kwakho kanye nokulawula umzimba.
• Utshwala esibuphuzayo bucutshungulwa yisibindi sethu . Uma siphuza ngokushesha kunalokho isibindi esingakucubungula, i-BAC yethu izokwanda.
• Ngisho noma abanye abantu sebeye baqala ukubekezelela utshwala , akusho ukuthi i-BAC yabo iphansi. Ukuthi nje umuzwa wemiphumela uyashintsha.
• Ukushayela uphuze utshwala kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngokomthetho waseSri Lanka, kuyicala elijeziswayo.
• Ubuthi botshwalaKusho isimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila.
• Ziningi izinto ezithinta i-BAC, okuhlanganisa ukuthi uphuza kangakanani, ukuthi uphuza ngokushesha kangakanani, ukuthi udlani, ubudala bakho, kanye nesisindo sakho.
• Uma ukuthola kunzima ukulawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala, ungabi namahloni bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha. Kuwusizo olukhulu empilweni yakho.

Utshwala lungaba yinto ejabulisayo ukuluphuza. Kodwa uma uphuza kakhulu, lungaba yingozi empilweni yakho nakwabanye. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphuza ngendlela efanele.

Okuqukethwe kotshwala egazini , i-BAC, utshwala, ukudakwa, isibindi, ukuhlolwa kotshwala, umkhawulo osemthethweni