Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukuzwa umuntu ekhuluma, noma ukuthi kufanele ukhuphule ivolumu ku-TV? Noma uke waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho ayiphenduli kahle emisindweni? Ezikhathini ezinjengalezi, ukuhlolwa kokuzwa, noma ukuhlolwa kwe-`(Audiometry)`, kuwukuhlolwa okwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ukuzwa kwethu kuhle kangakanani. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, kulula kakhulu. Ingabe singakhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe?

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-audiometry?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlola yilokho okwenziwa odokotela be-audiologists ukuthola ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa yini. Ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokuzwa.

Cabanga nje, ezweni elifana neMelika, abantu abaningi bathola ukuhlolwa kokuzwa okuyisisekelo noma ukuhlolwa kokuzwa okuphelele okufana nalokhu okungenani kanye empilweni yabo.

• Kwabasanda kuzalwa: Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwenziwa lapho bezalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bayakwazi ukuzwa kahle.
• Kwabantwana abancane: Lezi zivivinyo eziyisisekelo zingenziwa emtholampilo noma esikoleni sabo. Uma kubonakala sengathi banenkinga yokuzwa, kungenziwa ukuhlolwa okugcwele.
• Kwabantu abadala: Ngokuvamile, abantu abadala benza lezi zivivinyo ngoba bengezwa kahle ukuthi abanye abantu bathini, noma ngoba kufanele bakhuphule ivolumu ku-TV, i-laptop, noma ifoni kakhulu.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kokuzwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zivivinyo azidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile futhi azibuhlungu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kokuzwa ezikhona?

Uma une-experimentation yokuzwa, izohlola ukuthi ukuzwa kwakho kujwayelekile yini. Uma imiphumela yalokho kuhlolwa kokuqala ikhombisa inkinga, ungathunyelwa ukuze uhlolwe ngokuphelele ukuzwa.

Lezi zivivinyo ze-"Audiometry" zibonisa ukuthi hlobo luni lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa onalo, nokuthi luncane, luphakathi, noma lunzima. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwethoni emsulwa: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu. Kuhilela ukubona ukuthi ungawuzwa yini umsindo endaweni ngayinye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwusho kancane kangakanani. Lokhu kwenziwa kokubili ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhanjiswa kwamathambo: Lokhu kuhlola ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini izinkinga ngamaseli amancane ezinwele engxenyeni yendlebe yakho yangaphakathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-cochlea. Uyazi, i-cochlea yingxenye yendlebe yakho ethumela ukudlidliza emthanjeni wakho wokuzwa bese kuba yingxenye yobuchopho bakho ebhekene nokuzwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwenkulumo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa ngabantu abadala kanye nezingane ezithile. Kulesi sivivinyo, kufanele ulalele amanye amagama bese uwaphinda. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ukuthi ukuqonda kahle kangakanani okushiwoyo nokuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhlukanisa nokuqaphela amagama.
• Impendulo Yesimiso Sobuchopho Sokuzwa (ABR): Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukusebenza kwezindlela zokuxhumana zendlebe yangaphakathi eziya ebuchosheni. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izingane ezincane, labo abanobunzima bokwenza ukuhlolwa kwethoni emsulwa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, kanye nalabo abalahlekelwe ukuzwa ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho.
• Ukukhishwa Kwe-Otoacoustic (OAE): Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwendlebe yangaphakathi. Kulinganisa imisindo ecashile ekhiqizwa yindlebe yangaphakathi, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-OAE. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane.
• I-Tympanometry: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi i-eardrum yakho ihamba kahle kangakanani . Kungaphinde kubone i-eardrum eqhumile, ukwakheka koketshezi endlebeni ephakathi, noma ukwakheka kwe-wax.

Lezi zivivinyo zenziwa kanjani? Kulula kakhulu!

Nakuba imininingwane ihlukahluka, izivivinyo eziningi zihilela ukukufaka ekamelweni elinomshini wokulungisa umsindo, ukufaka ama-headphone noma ama-earphone, nokulalela imisindo, amathoni, namagama avela kuzo. Akudingeki ulungiselele noma yini kusengaphambili.

Indlela yokwenza ukuhlolwa kwethoni emsulwa

Lolu vivinyo oluvame kakhulu. Nakhu okwenzekayo:

• Uzobekwa ekamelweni elikhethekile elingangeni msindo.
• Uzonikezwa ama-headphone noma ama-earphone amancane owafaka ezindlebeni zakho.
• Udokotela wezindlebe usebenzisa umshini obizwa ngokuthi i-audiometer, okhipha imisindo ngamazinga ahlukene okuqina (iphimbo) kanye nomsindo.
• Kufanele uphakamise isandla sakho, ucindezele inkinobho, noma uthi 'yebo' uma uzwa umsindo.
• Udokotela we-audio uzoqopha izimpendulo zakho eshadini elibizwa ngokuthi ``audiogram.`` Lokhu kuzobonisa uhlobo lwenkinga yakho yokuzwa, okungukuthi, izinga lokukhubazeka.

Indlela yokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqhuba amathambo

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuthumela umsindo ngqo endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi:

• Udokotela wezindlebe ubeka ithuluzi elincane ngemuva kwendlebe yakho noma ebunzini lakho.
• Idivayisi ikhipha umsindo. Umsindo ubangela ukuthi ugebhezi lwakho ludlidlize.
• Lokhu kudlidliza kuya ngqo endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi, kudlule izindlebe zakho zangaphandle neziphakathi.
• Udokotela wezindlebe uqhathanisa imiphumela yalolu vivinyo nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-"Pure-tone" ukuze anqume uhlobo lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa onalo.

Indlela yokwenza isivivinyo sokukhuluma

Udokotela wezindlebe angenza futhi lolu vivinyo lokukhuluma kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-``Pure-tone``:

• Njengokuhlolwa kwe-"Pure-tone", kufanele ufake ama-headphone noma ama-earphone.
• Udokotela wezindlebe usho la mazwi kancane futhi ngokuzwakalayo.
• Kufanele uphinde usho lawo mazwi.
• Ubhala phansi ukuthi yimaphi amagama owashoyo buthule ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi uhlola nokubona kwakho amagama ngokusho amagama ngokuzwakalayo.

Indlela yokwenza isivivinyo se-Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)

Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwe-"Pure-tone", akudingeki uphendule imisindo. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthule :

• Uzofakelwa ama-earphone. Udokotela we-audio uzofaka izinzwa ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-electrode" ekhanda lakho. Lezi zinamathiselwe esikhumbeni futhi zixhunywe "kukhompyutha".
• Lawa ma-electrode aqopha indlela ubuchopho bakho obusabela ngayo uma udlala imisindo ethile ngama-earphone, okungukuthi, umsebenzi we-brainwave.
• Le ndlela yokubuka amaza obuchopho ibonakala esikrinini sekhompyutha. Udokotela wezindlebe ubika imiphumela ngokubheka lawo maphrinti ekhompyutha.

Indlela yokwenza isivivinyo sokukhipha umsindo we-autonomic auditory (OAE)

Lokhu kulinganisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi `(Otoacoustic Emissions - OAEs)`. Kalula nje, lezi yimisindo engabonakali eyenziwa yindlebe yakho yangaphakathi uma isabela emisindweni yangaphandle. Uma unenkinga yokuzwa, indlebe yakho yangaphakathi ayivezi lezi `(OAEs)`:

• Udokotela we-audio uzofaka idivayisi encane efana ne-earphone, ebizwa ngokuthi i-probe, endlebeni yakho.
• I-probe ithumela umsindo endlebeni bese ilinganisa umsindo obuyayo.
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho iboniswa kusikrini.

Indlela yokwenza i-Tympanometry

I-eardrum yakho iyi-membrane encane ehlukanisa indlebe yangaphandle nendlebe ephakathi. Uma umsindo ovela ngaphandle ushaya i-eardrum, uyavevezela. Lokho kuvevezela kuhamba ngendlebe ephakathi kuya endlebeni engaphakathi bese kuthumela izimpawu ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buchaza lezo zimpawu njengomsindo. I-Tympanometry ilinganisa indlela i-eardrum esabela ngayo lapho kufakwa inani elincane lomfutho womoya endlebeni:

• Udokotela we-audiologist uzofaka i-probe encane endlebeni yakho. Ingase ibukeke njenge-earphone.
• Idivayisi encane exhunywe kuyo ithumela umoya omncane endlebeni.
• Leyo divayisi inegrafu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-tympanogram." Iqopha ukunyakaza kwe-eardrum. Yilapho udokotela we-audiologist angatshela khona ukuthi i-eardrum isebenza kanjani.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?

Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela wezindlebe uzokutshela imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokushesha. Ungakhathazeki, bazochaza konke.

Imiphumela yakho iboniswa eshadini elibizwa ngokuthi "i-audiogram." Liqhathanisa ukuzwa kwakho namazinga ajwayelekile futhi libonisa indlela indlebe yakho esabela ngayo kumandla ahlukene omsindo (ophezulu kuya phansi) kanye namazinga omsindo (othule kakhulu kuya phezulu kakhulu).

Kuthiwani uma nginenkinga yokuzwa?

Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa, ungesabi. Udokotela we-audio uzokuchazela futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo. Isibonelo:

• Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuzwa noma i-tympanometry ikhombisa ukuthi une-wax noma uketshezi endlebeni yakho ephakathi, udokotela wakho we-audiologist angakudlulisela ku-otolaryngologist (ENT) ukuze asuse i-wax noma uketshezi.
• Uma kungenjalo, uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kwe-"Pure-tone" kukhombisa ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa, udokotela we-audio uzokutshela okulandelayo:
• Ingabe unenkinga yokuzwa okuncane, okuphakathi nendawo, noma okukhulu ?
• Hlobo luni lwamadivayisi okuzwa onawo akusiza ukuthi uzwe kangcono? Isibonelo, ungakhuluma ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsizakuzwa. Noma ungakhuluma ngezinsizakuzwa ezifana ne-cochlear implants.
• Iphinde ikutshele ukuthi hlobo luni lolwazi ozoba nalo uma usebenzisa lawo madivayisi.
• Uma ukhetha izinsiza zokuzwa, udokotela wezindlebe uzozikhetha futhi azikufanele. Lokhu kuzodinga i-aphoyintimenti ehlukile.
• Uma udokotela wakho wezindlebe encoma ukuthi ucabangele ukufakwa kwe-cochlear, uzokudlulisela ukuze uhlolwe futhi uhlolwe okwengeziwe.

Kufanele ngihlolwe ukuzwa kangaki?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka ngempela kumuntu nomuntu.

• Uma usebenza endaweni enomsindo kakhulu , njengasembonini yokwakha noma efektri, kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi uhlolwe izindlebe zakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka, njengoba amathuba okulimala kokuzwa aphezulu ezindaweni ezinjalo.
• Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungase ungadingi ukuhlolwa kokuzwa okuphelele uze ube neminyaka engama-50 noma engama-60, lapho abantu abaningi beqala ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okuhlobene nokuguga.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unokungabaza noma izinkinga ngokuzwa kwakho, ungalibali bese ubuza udokotela womndeni wakho, ozokudlulisela kudokotela wezindlebe.

Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuhlola ukuzwa kwami ​​ekhaya?

Yebo, manje sekukhona ukuhlolwa kokuzwa ekhaya okutholakala ku-inthanethi nakuzinhlelo zokusebenza. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono omncane wokuthi unazo yini izinkinga zokuzwa.

Kodwa khumbula, ukwenza nje ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya okunjalo ngeke kukutshele kahle ukuthi inkinga iyini noma ukuthi yini okudingeka yenziwe ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye neseluleko esidingekayo, kufanele nakanjani uhlolwe ngokuphelele ngudokotela wezindlebe.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Audiometry kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa yini. Uma wenza kanjalo, awuwedwa. Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke zinezinga elihlukahlukene lokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kulahlekelwa ukuzwa kuba kubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungase ungakuboni ngokushesha, kodwa kungabonakala uma ungezwa kahle ukuthi abanye bathini noma uma i-TV inomsindo omkhulu.

Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele siyithathe ekhaya kule ndaba? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sikhumbule amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa akusho lutho okufanele ukwesabe, futhi akulimazi.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuzwa okushiwoyo, uma kufanele uphakamise njalo ivolumu ku-TV, noma uma ingane yakho ibonakala ingasabeli kahle emisindweni, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzwa.
• Udokotela wezindlebe uzokwenza lezi zivivinyo futhi akunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
• Uma kutholakala ukuthi unenkinga yokuzwa, kunezixazululo nosizo olutholakalayo. Izinsiza zokuzwa kanye nokufakelwa kwe-cochlear kumane nje kungenye yazo.
• Uma inkinga itholakala kusenesikhathi, kulula ukuyilapha futhi ingenza impilo ibe lula.

Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu ngokuzwa kwakho, ungabi namahloni noma uhlehlise, bona udokotela futhi, uma kudingeka, funa iseluleko kudokotela wezindlebe. Impilo yakho yokuzwa isezandleni zakho!

Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa , i-Audiometry, uchwepheshe wokuzwa, i-Audiologist, Ukuzwa, izinsiza zokuzwa, izinsiza zokuzwa, izimila ze-cochlear, i-ENT, ama-Earplugs, i-Tympanometry