Konke ofuna ukukwazi mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-thyroxine (T4)!

Wake wezwa ngendlala yegilo? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukucele ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-T4. Ngakho-ke, iyini le T4? Kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa? Cishe unemibuzo efana nale. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kuhlolwa kwe-T4 ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Kalula nje, ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine) kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola igazi ehlola ukuthi indlala yakho yegilo isebenza kahle kangakanani. Kungasiza futhi ekuxilongeni izifo ezihlobene negilo.

Cabanga nje, i-thyroid gland iyi-gland encane efana novemvane etholakala ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, ngaphezu nje kwe-collarbone yakho. Iyingxenye yesistimu ye -endocrine yomzimba wethu. Yi-gland eyenza ama-hormone e-thyroid bese iwakhipha egazini. La ma-hormone abese ehamba egazini futhi athinte izitho ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu.

I-Thyroxine, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-T4 , iyi-hormone eningi kakhulu ekhishwa yi-thyroid gland yakho. Uma inani le-T4 egazini lakho liphezulu noma liphansi, kungaba uphawu lwesifo se-thyroid.

Odokotela bahlola amazinga e-T4 ngokuthatha isampula yegazi. Le thyroxine (T4) iza ngezindlela ezimbili:

• I-Bound T4: Lokhu kuboshwe kumaprotheni, ngakho-ke akukwazi ukungena kalula ezicutshini zomzimba.
• I-T4 yamahhala: Lena yi-T4 "ekhululekile" engena ezicutshini zomzimba bese yenza umsebenzi wayo.

Ngakho-ke, kunezivivinyo eziningana ezilinganisa amazinga e-T4. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa kokubili i-T4 yamahhala kanye ne-T4 eboshiwe kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-T4 . Ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zilinganisa i-T4 yamahhala kuphela. Eqinisweni, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwamahhala kwe-T4 ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid ngoba kunembe kakhulu kunokuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-T4.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza nokuhlolwa kwe-TSH (i-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) kanye nokuhlolwa kwakho kwe-T4. I-TSH iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yi -pituitary gland yakho. Le TSH ivuselela i-thyroid gland yakho ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone i-T4 kanye ne-T3 (triiodothyronine) .

Eqinisweni, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid iwukuhlola i-TSH. Uma kuhlanganiswa nokuhlolwa kwe-TSH, ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kunganikeza isithombe esinembile somsebenzi we-thyroid. Kungase kungadingeki ukukala amazinga e-T4 kuzo zonke izimo ze-thyroid.

Kunezinye amagama amaningana okuhlolwa kwe-T4:

• I-thyroxine yamahhala
• Inani eliphelele le-T4
• Isikrini se-Thyroxine
• Ukuhlushwa kwe-T4 kwamahhala
• Inkomba yamahhala ye-T4 (i-FTI)

Iyini i-thyroxine (T4) futhi yenzani?

I-Thyroxine (T4), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-tetraiodothyronine , iyi-hormone eyinhloko ekhishwa yi-thyroid gland yakho ingene egazini. I-thyroid gland iphinde ikhiphe inani elincane le-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-triiodothyronine (T3) . Ngenxa yokuthi i-T4 ne-T3 zisebenza ndawonye, ​​zombili zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “ama-thyroid hormone.”

Manje, bheka, ama-hormone angamakhemikhali ahlanganisa imisebenzi eyahlukene emizimbeni yethu. Athwala imiyalezo ngegazi eya ezithweni zethu zomzimba, emisipheni, nakwezinye izicubu. Lezi zimpawu zitshela imizimba yethu ukuthi yenzeni nokuthi ikwenze nini.

I-T4 ekhishwa yi-thyroid gland yakho ayisebenzi , okusho ukuthi ayithinti ngqo amangqamuzana omzimba wakho. Kodwa-ke, isibindi sakho nezinso ziguqula iningi lale thyroxine libe yi -triiodothyronine (T3) , i-hormone esebenzayo ethinta amangqamuzana omzimba wakho.

Ndawonye, ​​i-T4 kanye ne-T3 zilawula imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic: Lesi yisilinganiso sokudla okudlayo okuguqulwa ngaso kube amandla.
• Umsebenzi wesistimu yenhliziyo nokugaya ukudla.
• Ukulawula imisipha.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchopho.
• Ukugcinwa kwamathambo.

I-thyroxine yokwenziwa

Odokotela banikeza uhlobo lwe-thyroxine olubizwa ngokuthi i-levothyroxine ukwelapha i-hypothyroidism , isimo lapho i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle. Ingase futhi inikezwe kanye nokuhlinzwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-thyroid.

Kungani ngidinga ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ze-T4 ukuhlola ukuthi i-thyroid yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezenza udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-TSH):

• Uma unemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe -thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) engajwayelekile, cwaninga kabanzi.
• Thola i-hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile) noma i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle).
• Uma uthatha ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni samahomoni e-thyroid (imithi), qapha amazinga akho e-T4.
• Hlola izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi azinawo yini umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Hlola ezinye izimo ezifana ne -goiter ( isigaxa sentamo), amaqhubu e-thyroid ( amaqhubu e-thyroid gland), kanye nezinkinga nge -pituitary gland yakho noma i-hypothalamus .
• Hlola amazinga aphansi e-hormone ye-thyroid ngenxa yembangela ehlobene ne-pituitary (i-central hypothyroidism).

Futhi, odokotela bayala ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kwamahhala kaningi kunokuhlolwa kwe-T4 okuphelele . Kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, njengasesikhathini sokukhulelwa, kungadingeka ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 okuphelele kunokuhlolwa kwe-T4 kwamahhala.

Ubani owenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ngokuvamile, udokotela we-phlebotomist wenza ukudonsa igazi, okubuye kube ukudonsa igazi lokuhlolwa kwegazi le-T4. Kodwa-ke, noma yisiphi isisebenzi sezempilo esiqeqeshwe ukudonsa igazi singakwenza lokhu. Bese sithumela isampula yegazi elabhorethri. Lapho, usosayensi welabhorethri yezokwelapha ulungisa isampula bese eyihlola esebenzisa imishini ebizwa ngokuthi ama-analyzer .

Ngizilungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ngokuvamile awudingi ukwenza noma yini ekhethekile ekuhlolweni kwe-T4. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngesizathu sokuhlolwa, kungadingeka uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile noma izithasiselo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo eqondile ngalokhu.

Okubalulekile: I-Biotin iyisengezo esithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi esingabangela ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo ze-thyroid zibonakale zingajwayelekile, noma ngabe empeleni zivamile. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-biotin ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlobene ne-thyroid .

Yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Uma uhlolwa igazi noma ukhishwa igazi lakho, ungalindela izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Uzohlala esihlalweni. Udokotela we-phlebotomist uzobheka izingalo zakho bese ekhetha umthambo otholakala kalula. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngaphakathi kwengalo yakho, ngemuva nje kwendololwane yakho.
• Uma sekutholakale umthambo, indawo iyahlanzwa futhi ihlanzwe ngamagciwane.
• Bese kufakwa inaliti encane emthanjeni wakho bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokucasuka phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
• Ngemva kokufakwa kwenaliti, inani elincane legazi liqoqwa epayipini lokuhlola.
• Ngemva kokuba isampula yegazi isiqoqiwe, inaliti iyasuswa bese kubekwa ucezu lwekotini noma i-gauze phezu kwendawo ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Bese kufakwa ibhandishi endaweni. Bese umsebenzi wakho usuphelile.

Lonke lolu hlelo luvame ukuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu .

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ngemva kokuba udokotela we-phlebotomist ethathe isampula yegazi lakho, lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze lihlolwe. Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa isifikile, udokotela wakho uzokutshela imiphumela.

Yiziphi izingozi zokuhlolwa kwegazi le-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyingxenye evamile kakhulu futhi edingekayo yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nokuhlolwa. Izingozi zokuhlolwa kwegazi le-T4 zincane kakhulu . Ungase uzwe imihuzuko noma ubuhlungu lapho igazi likhishwa khona, kodwa lokhu kuzophela ngokushesha.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwami ​​kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Ezimweni eziningi, kufanele uthole imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-T4 zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili zebhizinisi . Kodwa-ke, kungathatha isikhathi eside.

Iyini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine)?

Imibiko yokuhlolwa kwegazi, okuhlanganisa nemibiko yokuhlolwa kwe-T4, ngokuvamile iqukethe ulwazi olulandelayo:

• Igama lokuhlolwa kwegazi noma lokho okulinganiswe egazini lakho.
• Inombolo noma isilinganiso somphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho.
• Lelo ibanga lokulinganisa elijwayelekile lokuhlolwa.
• Ulwazi olukhombisa ukuthi imiphumela yakho ijwayelekile noma ayijwayelekile, noma iphezulu noma iphansi.

Ayini amazinga ajwayelekile e-T4 yamahhala?

Amazinga ajwayelekile e-T4 yamahhala ayahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho . Ngokuvamile, amazinga ajwayelekile e-T4 yamahhala kubantu abaphilile ami kanje:

• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 kuya kwengu-5: 0.8 – 2.8 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL)
• Izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-15 ubudala: 0.8 – 2.1 ng/dL
• Intsha yesilisa eneminyaka engu-16 kuya kwengu-17 ubudala: 0.8 – 2.8 ng/dL
• Intsha yabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-16 kuya kwengu-17 ubudala: 0.8 – 1.5 ng/dL
• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 ubudala: 0.9 – 1.7 ng/dL

Qaphela: Amabanga ajwayelekile e-T4 yamahhala angahluka kancane phakathi kwama-laboratories. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ububanzi bereferensi ukuthola imiphumela yakho, njengoba kubhalwe embikweni wakho webhulebhu. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho, buza udokotela wakho.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-T4 (thyroxine) ekhuphuka kakhulu?

Uma amazinga akho e-T4 noma e-T4 yamahhala ephakeme kunokuvamile, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyrotoxicosis . Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto eziningana, okuhlanganisa i-hyperthyroidism ( i-thyroid gland esebenza ngokweqile), ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid gland (i-thyroiditis) , kanye nokuphuza imithi ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu.

I-Thyrotoxicosis ibangela ukuthi i-metabolism yakho isheshise. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho. Ezinye zezimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis yilezi:

• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukwanda kokuya endlini yokugezela.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia) .

Uma unezimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho.

Nakuba amazinga e-T4 amahhala ejwayelekile, ezinye izimo ezingabangela amazinga e-T4 aphelele ukuba akhuphuke zifaka phakathi ukukhulelwa kanyeUkuthatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aqukethe i-estrogen . Kuzo zombili izimo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga e-estrogen aphezulu. I-estrogen yandisa inani leprotheni elibopha ku-T4, okwandisa i-T4 iyonke (okungukuthi, i-T4 yamahhala + ukubopha kweprotheni).

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-T4 (thyroxine) ehla kakhulu?

Uma amazinga akho e-T4 ephansi kunokuvamile, ngokuvamile kubonisa i-hypothyroidism (indlala ye-thyroid engasebenzi kahle). I-Hypothyroidism ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba , ukungatholi i-iodine eyanele ekudleni kwakho, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile.

I-Hypothyroidism ibambezela ijubane lokugaya ukudla kwakho. Ezinye zezimpawu zifaka:

• Ukukhathala.
• Ukungakwazi ukuthwala umkhuhlane.
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo esiphansi.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo.

Uma unezimpawu ze-hypothyroidism, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke uma imiphumela yami yokuhlolwa kwe-T4 (thyroxine) iphansi noma iphezulu?

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-T4 yamahhala ivame ukuba nembayo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izici zingathinta imiphumela. Isibonelo:

• Eminye imithi noma izithasiselo.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ukugula okukhulu noma ukungondleki kahle.

Udokotela wakho uzocabangela lezi zici lapho echaza imiphumela yakho.

Uma imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwe-T4 ingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-thyroid ukusiza ekuxilongeni. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-T3 (Triiodothyronine) (enye i-hormone ye-thyroid).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-TSH (i-thyroid-stimulating hormone).
• Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga isifo sikaGraves (isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela i-hyperthyroidism).
• Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga isifo sikaHashimoto (isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela i-hypothyroidism).

Amazinga e-TSH (i-thyroid stimulating hormone) kanye ne-T4 (i-thyroxine) ahlobene kanjani?

Amazinga e-TSH kanye ne-T4 athintana ngqo, njengoba i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (i-TSH) ibangela ukukhiqizwa kwe-thyroxine (i-T4), kanti amazinga e-T4 aphakeme okwesikhashana avimbela ukukhishwa kwe-TSH.

Uma uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho kanye namazinga e-TSH, amazinga ahlukene e-hormone ngayinye angabonisa izimo ezahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi lokho kusebenza kanjani.

I-TSH ephansi kanye ne-T4 evamile

Amazinga aphansi e-TSH kanye namazinga ajwayelekile e-T4 ngokuvamile abhekwa njenge -subclinical hyperthyroidism."I-subclinical" isho ukuthi lesi simo asibangeli zimpawu, noma izimpawu azikaqali. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-16% bahlushwa yilesi simo se-subclinical hyperthyroidism.

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho ibonisa le miphumela, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqhubeka nokuqapha amazinga akho ukuze abone ukuthi ayashintsha yini futhi aholele ekukhuleni kwe-hyperthyroidism.

I-TSH ephansi kanye ne-T4 ephezulu

Amazinga aphansi e-TSH kanye namazinga aphezulu e-T4 ngokuvamile abonisa i-hyperthyroidism . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-thyroid gland yakho ikhiqiza i-T4 eningi kakhulu ngenxa yenkinga. Le T4 eningi ivimbela i-hypothalamus yakho ekukhipheni i-TSH.

I-TSH ephansi kanye ne-T4 ephansi

Uma amazinga e-TSH kanye ne-T4 ephansi, kusho ukuthi kunenkinga nge -pituitary gland yakho. Isibonelo, into efana ne -pituitary adenoma enkulu ingase ingakhiphi i-TSH eyanele ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-T4. Lena inhlanganisela yemiphumela engavamile.

I-TSH ephezulu kanye ne-T4 evamile

Uma amazinga e-TSH ephakeme kanye namazinga e-T4 ejwayelekile, ngokuvamile kubhekwa njenge -subclinical hypothyroidism (ebizwa nangokuthi ukwehluleka kwe-thyroid okuncane). Lesi simo sithinta phakathi kuka-3% no-8% wabantu.

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho ibonisa le miphumela, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqhubeka nokuqapha amazinga akho ukuze abone ukuthi ayashintsha yini futhi aholele ku-hypothyroidism yezokwelapha.

I-TSH ephezulu kanye ne-T4 ephansi

Uma amazinga e-TSH ephezulu kanti amazinga e-T4 ephansi, ngokuvamile kubonisa i-hypothyroidism ( i-thyroid engasebenzi kahle ngenxa yenkinga eyinhloko nge-thyroid gland). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunenkinga nge-thyroid gland yakho ebangela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-T4 kwehle, futhi i-pituitary gland yakho isabela ngokukhipha i-TSH eningi kakhulu ukuze ivuselele i-thyroid gland ukuthi yenze i-T4 eyengeziwe.

I-TSH ephezulu kanye ne-T4 ephezulu

Uma amazinga e-TSH kanye ne-T4 ephezulu, kusho ukuthi kunenkinga nge -pituitary gland yakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-pituitary gland ikhipha i-TSH eningi kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi i-thyroid gland yakho ikhiqize i-T4 eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yemiphumela engavamile kakhulu .

Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule kukho konke lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ubona umphumela wokuhlolwa ongajwayelekile. Kodwa ungesabi . Izimo ze-thyroid, ikakhulukazi i-hypothyroidism, zivamile kakhulu futhi ziyalapheka.Udokotela wakho uzokutshela uma kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola imbangela yezinga le-T4 elingajwayelekile. Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ukuze nixoxe ngemiphumela yakho kabanzi. Kubalulekile ukwaziwa ngempilo yakho.

I- Thyroxine, ukuhlolwa kwe-T4, i-thyroid, i-hormone, i-TSH, i-hypothyroidism, i-hyperthyroidism