Ake sixoxe ngedolo lakho!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi amadolo akho abaluleke kangakanani? Amadolo ethu asisiza ukuba sihambe, sigijime, sigxume, sime, sihlale... zonke lezi zinto. Eqinisweni, idolo liyilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngedolo elibalulekile ngemininingwane ethe xaxa, akunjalo?

Iyini i-knee joint?

Kalula nje, idolo liyilungu elixhumanisa ithanga lakho nomlenze wakho ongezansi. Lifana ne-hinge emnyango. Liyingxenye yesimiso sethu samathambo . Kodwa idolo aligcini nje ngokwakhiwa ngamathambo. Liphinde libe ne-cartilage, imisipha, imisipha kanye nemizwa.

Amadolo akho akusiza ukuthi usekele isisindo somzimba wakho, agobe imilenze yakho, futhi ashukumise umzimba wakho. Noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okwenzayo usebenzisa imilenze yakho kudinga ukwesekwa ngamadolo akho. Uma unesihlungu sedolo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angahlonza imbangela yobuhlungu bakho futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okudingayo ukuze ubuyele emisebenzini yakho evamile.

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yedolo?

Amadolo ethu anemisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ayenze. Bheka:

• Ukunyakaza kwemilenze: Amadolo akho akusiza ukuthi ugobe, welule, futhi ujikeleze imilenze yakho. Cabanga ngokuthi amadolo akho asebenza kangakanani uma uhamba, ugijima, noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi.
• Ukusekela umzimba ngenkathi umile futhi uhamba: Uma umile, amadolo akho athwala ingxenye enkulu yesisindo somzimba wakho wonke.
• Ukugcina umzimba uzinzile nokugcina ibhalansi: Amadolo ayasiza futhi ekugcineni ibhalansi yomzimba lapho ujika ngokuzumayo noma uma uyeka.

Idolo likuphi?

Lokhu kuyinto wonke umuntu ayaziyo. Idolo liyilungu eliphakathi komlenze wakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, idolo yilapho ithambo lakho lethanga (esilibiza ngokuthi 'i-Femur' ngokwezokwelapha) lihlangana khona nethambo lakho lesifuba ('i-Tibia').

Idolo liyilungu elinjani?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamalunga emizimbeni yethu. Odokotela bawahlukanisa ngokwendlela enziwe ngayo (okungukuthi, ukwakheka kwawo) kanye nendlela anyakaza ngayo (okungukuthi, umsebenzi wawo).

Idolo liyi -synovial joint . Amalunga e-synovial yiwona amalunga ahambayo kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Akhiwa yimbobo ethanjeni elilodwa elifakwe elinye ithambo. Imikhawulo yala mathambo imbozwe ngento ebizwa ngokuthi i-hyaline cartilage . Esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamathambo kukhona ulwelwesi lwe-synovial . Lokhu kufana nesikhwama esigcwele uketshezi. Yilokhu okugcoba nokuvikela ilunga. Lokhu kuqinisa okwengeziwe yikho okuvumela amalunga e-synovial ukuthi ahambe ngokungqubuzana okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngokusebenza kahle, idolo liyi -hinge joint.. Cabanga ngakho njengehinji yomnyango. Ezinye izingxenye zawo azinyakazi, kodwa ezinye izingxenye zihamba ibanga elithile ukuze zivule futhi zivale umnyango. Njengedolo, i-hip joint ilandela lo mthetho ofanayo oyisisekelo - ingavuleka futhi ivale ohlangothini olulodwa.

Isakhiwo sedolo sinjani?

Idolo lakho lakhiwe kakhulu ngalezi zingxenye:

• Ithambo
• Uqwanga
• Ama-Ligaments
• Imisipha
• Imizwa

Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi ngokwehlukana.

Amathambo edolo

I-knee joint yakhiwe ngamathambo amathathu ayinhloko:

• I-Femur: Leli yithambo elide kakhulu nelinamandla ethangeni lakho.
• I-Tibia: Leli yithambo eliyinhloko elithwala isisindo ngaphakathi komlenze wakho ongezansi.
• I-Patella: Lesi yi-kneecap esiyaziyo sonke. Yithambo elincane, elingunxantathu elitholakala phambi kwedolo.

Izindawo lapho la mathambo ahlangana khona zibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlangana noma izindawo ezihlangene . Idolo lakho linezindawo ezimbili zokuhlangana:

• I-Patellofemoral joint: Yilapho i-kneecap (i-patella) ixhumana khona nethambo lethanga (i-femur).
• I-Tibiofemoral joint: Yilapho i-tibia ixhumana khona ne-femur.

I-cartilage yamadolo

I-cartilage iyisicubu esiqinile nesiguquguqukayo esivikela amalunga akho futhi sisebenza njengesivikeli sokushaqeka emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-cartilage edolweni lakho:

• I-Hyaline cartilage: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-cartilage emzimbeni wakho. Abanye odokotela balubiza nangokuthi i-articular cartilage . Luhlanganisa amalunga akho futhi luvikele imikhawulo yamathambo akho. I-Hyaline cartilage ibushelelezi kakhulu futhi iyashelela. Yingakho amathambo akho engashelelana kahle ngaphakathi kwamalunga akho. Ithambo lakho lethanga, ithambo lomlenze, kanye ne-kneecap kunalesi simbozo se-hyaline cartilage lapho zithinta khona.
• I-Fibrocartilage: Njengoba igama lisho, lolu uhlobo lwe-cartilage olwakhiwe ngemicu emide. Lunamandla okuhlanganisa izingxenye zomzimba futhi lumunce ukushaqeka. I-meniscus edolweni lakho yakhiwe ngezingxenyana ezimbili zale fibrocartilage. Yilokhu okuvikela igebe phakathi kwethambo lethanga nethambo lesifuba.

Cabanga ngale ndlela, i-cartilage ifana nethayi emotweni. Uma ithayi liguga, imoto iba nzima ukuyishayela, njengoba nje lapho i-cartilage edolweni iguga, kuba buhlungu uma ushukumisa idolo.

Ama-ligaments edolweni

Ama-ligaments edolo ayizicucu zezicubu ezixhumanisa ithambo lethanga lakho namathambo omlenze wakho ongezansi. Yilezi ezibamba idolo lakho futhi zilivimbele ukuthi lihambe ngokungadingekile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemisipha edolweni lakho:

• Ama-collateral ligaments: La ma-collateral ligaments amabili afana nama-band amabili ohlangothini ngalunye lwedolo lakho.
• I-Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL): Lokhu kutholakala ngaphakathi kwedolo lakho. Kuxhumanisa ithambo lethanga lakho nethambo lakho lesifuba.
• I-Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL): Lokhu kutholakala ngaphandle kwedolo. Kuxhumanisa ithambo lethanga lakho ne-fibula , ithambo elincane elingaphandle kwethambo lesifuba.

Lezi zinhlaka eziseceleni zivimbela idolo ukuthi lingajiki kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi.

• Imisipha ye-Cruciate: Le misipha emibili ye-cruciate itholakala ngaphakathi kwejoyinti ledolo. Ixhuma ithambo lethanga nethambo le-shin. Iyawelana ukuze yakhe isimo 'se-X'. Le misipha ye-cruciate ilawula indlela idolo elihamba ngayo phambili nangemuva.
• I-Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL): Lokhu kutholakala ngaphambili kwedolo. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi le ``(ACL)`` ivame ukulimala ngesikhathi semidlalo.
• I-Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL): Lokhu kutholakala ngemuva kwe-ACL, ngemuva kwedolo.

Imisipha yamadolo

Imisipha iyizicubu ezithambile ezakhiwe ngemicu enwebekayo. Ziyagoba (ziyagoba) ukuze zidonse futhi zinyakazise izingxenye zomzimba. Imisipha eminingi enamathele emilenzeni yakho ilawula ukunyakaza kwamadolo akho.

Imisipha esiza ekugobeni idolo ibizwa ngokuthi ama-flexor . Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• `Uhlobo lwe-Articularis`
• `I-Rectus femoris`
• `I-Vastus lateralis`
• `Umxhumanisi we-Vastus`
• `Vastus medialis`

Ama-extensor yimisipha esiza ukwelula idolo futhi isebenze ngokumelene nalezi zi-flexors. Eminye yemisipha ye-extensor elawula idolo yile:

• `I-Biceps femoris`
• `Semitendinosus`
• `I-Semimembranosus`
• `I-Gastrocnemius`
• `I-Plantaris`
• `I-Gracilis`
• `I-Popliteus`

Nakuba le misipha ingase ibonakale iyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kafushane nje, lesi simiso semisipha sibaluleke kakhulu ekugobeni nasekululekeni kwedolo, kanye nokugcina idolo lizinzile.

Imizwa yamadolo

Imizwa ifana nezintambo. Ithwala imizwa kagesi phakathi kobuchopho bakho kanye nomzimba wakho wonke. Le mizwa yiyo ekunika imizwa futhi yenze imisipha yakho inyakaze. Eminye yemizwa eyinhloko edolweni lakho yile:

• Inzwa yesifazane
• Inzwa yesayensi
• I-Tibial nerve
• Inzwa yomuntu ngamunye

Uma kukhona umonakalo kulezi zinzwa, kungabangela ubuhlungu edolweni, ukungazweli, noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa emlenzeni.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile ezithinta idolo?

Noma yini elimaza amathambo akho noma izicubu ezixhumeneyo ingathinta amadolo akho. Isibonelo:

• I-Arthritis: Yilapho amalunga evuvukala khona.
• I-Osteoarthritis: Lesi yisimo lapho i-cartilage emalungeni iguga khona. Sivame kakhulu uma umuntu ekhula.
• I-Bursitis: Ukuvuvukala kwezikhwama ezincane ezigcwele uketshezi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bursa edolweni.
• I-Tendinitis: Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha exhumanisa imisipha namathambo.
• I-Osteoporosis: Isimo lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula.

Ukulimala okuhlobene nezemidlalo kungenye yezingozi ezivame kakhulu edolweni:

• Izinyembezi ze-ACL
• izinyembezi ze-`(MCL)` (izinyembezi ze-MCL)
• Izinyembezi ze-Meniscus
• Amadolo anwetshiwe kakhulu
• Ukuqhekeka
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo
• Ukuhlukaniswa
• I-Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS): Ubuhlungu obuhambisana ne-kneecap.

Izimpawu ezingabonakala emadolweni

Izimpawu ozibonayo zizoncika esimweni esithinta idolo lakho. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga eziningi zedolo zinezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu (ikakhulukazi uma uthutha)
• Ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala)
• Ukuguquka kombala noma ukubomvu okuzungeze idolo
• Ukuzizwa ufudumele noma ushisa
• Umsindo noma umuzwa wokugaya
• Umsindo noma umuzwa "we-pop"

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola idolo

Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yikuphi ubuhlungu noma izinguquko edolweni lakho. Nazi ezinye zezivivinyo ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa odokotela ukuthola izinkinga zamadolo:

• Ama-X-ray
• Ama-ultrasound
• Ukufuthwa kwamalunga: Inqubo lapho kukhishwa khona inani elincane loketshezi esilungwini bese kuhlolwa.
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• Ama-MRI

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela uzoshukumisa idolo lakho, aligobe futhi alilule, ukuze ahlole umonakalo we-meniscus noma i-ligament. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zifaka:

• `Ukuhlolwa kukaMcMurray`
• `Ukuhlolwa kwe-Apley`
• `Ukuhlolwa kweThessaly`
• "Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-Valgus ne-varus"

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungavamile, kodwa lezi yizindlela odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuqonda ngokunembile isimo sedolo lakho.

Ungawagcina kanjani amadolo akho ephilile?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekela amadolo akho kahle ukugcina impilo enhle iyonke. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ukulandela uhlelo lokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca olukufanele.Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emadolweni.
• Hamba uyohlolwa njalo ngodokotela bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu emadolweni akho.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi, ezemidlalo, noma umsebenzi owenzayo. Isibonelo, sebenzisa izinto ezifana nezivikelo zamadolo uma udlala imidlalo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Amadolo akho amalunga amakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Futhi anomsebenzi omkhulu okufanele awenze - ukukusiza ukuthi ume, ushukumise, futhi usebenzise imilenze yakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenzani, uwasebenzisa kakhulu amadolo akho emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke.

Ngenxa yokuthi sisebenzisa amadolo ethu ezintweni eziningi, angenye yamalunga alimele kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Wonke umuntu angathola ubuhlungu obuncane ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ungalokothi uzishaye indiva izimpawu zamadolo. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yini engavamile. Angakusiza uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwamalunga akho edolweni futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele ukugcina amadolo akho ephilile, eqinile, futhi esebenza kahle. Nakekela amadolo akho, ngoba abaluleke kakhulu kuwe!

Idolo , ijoyinti ledolo, amathambo, i-cartilage, imisipha, ubuhlungu bedolo, izinkinga zedolo