Ingabe igazi lakho line-phosphate ephansi? Ake sixoxe ngalesi simo (Hypophosphatemia)!

Cishe uke wabona into ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Phosphate" uma ubheka umbiko wegazi, akunjalo? Noma mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ngayo. Le phosphate empeleni ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma leli zinga le-phosphate lehla egazini? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi (Hypophosphatemia). Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, kalula kakhulu, namuhla.

Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-phosphate ephansi? Ingabe (Hypophosphatemia)?

Kalula nje, yebo. I-Hypophosphatemia yisimo lapho izinga leminerali ebizwa ngokuthi i-phosphate egazini lakho liphansi. I-Phosphate iyi- electrolyte ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi emizimbeni yethu. Isebenza njengebhethri emizimbeni yethu. Lesi simo singaba sincane noma sibe sibi kakhulu. Singavela futhi ngokuzumayo (ngokushesha) noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (okungapheli).

Ngakho-ke, le phosphate ibaluleke kanjani emzimbeni?

Cabanga nje ukuthi le phosphate yenza okungakanani emizimbeni yethu!

• Ukwakha amathambo namazinyo ethu nokuwagcina eqinile: 85% we-phosphorus emizimbeni yethu usemathanjeni ethu. Ngakho-ke lokhu kubalulekile emathanjeni aqinile.
• Gcina uhlelo lwezinzwa lusebenza kahle: Izinzwa zethu zidinga i-phosphate ukuze zisebenze kahle.
• Kusiza imisipha ifinyele: Uma sishukumisa izingalo nemilenze yethu, futhi lapho inhliziyo yethu ishaya, imisipha yethu ifinyele, ngakho-ke lokhu kuyasiza nangalokho.

Sithola le phosphorus/phosphate ekudleni esikudlayo.

Okubalulekile, izinga le-phosphate egazini lethu lihlobene ngqo nezinga le-calcium. Lokhu kokubili kusebenza ngokuphambene. Okusho ukuthi, njengoba izinga le-calcium egazini landa, izinga le-phosphate liyancipha. Lokhu kwenzeka njalo ngomzuzwana. I-parathyroid hormone (PTH), ekhiqizwa yizindlala ze-parathyroid entanyeni yethu, ilawula la mazinga e-calcium ne-phosphate.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo (i-Hypophosphatemia)?

I-hypophosphatemia encane yisimo esivamile esitholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi. Eminye imibiko isikisela ukuthi sithinta abantu abangafika ku-5% e-United States. Esikhathini esiningi, akusona isimo esibucayi futhi asibangeli zimpawu. Sivame ukutholakala ngengozi.

Kodwa-ke, i-hypophosphatemia engazelelwe, enzima (i-hypophosphatemia ebukhali, enzima) ivame kakhulu kubantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Isibonelo:

• Kulabo abalutha utshwala (Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala)
• Uma kwenzeka i-ketoacidosis ehlobene nesifo sikashukela (i-DKA)
• Uma ukutheleleka okukhulu, i-sepsis
• Kulabo abanokusha okukhulu

Abantu abanjengalaba bangabona lesi simo kufika ku-80%.

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Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu ze-(Hypophosphatemia)?

Izimpawu zincike ekutheni izinga le-phosphate liphansi kangakanani.

I-Hypophosphatemia Encane

Abantu abane-hypophosphatemia encane bavame ukungabi nazimpawu , kodwa abanye bangase babe nobuthakathaka bemisipha obuncane kanye nokukhathala.

Uma kukubi kakhulu (i-Hypophosphatemia Enkulu)

Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga e-phosphate ephansi kakhulu (i-hypophosphatemia enzima), kungase kube nezimpawu ezilandelayo, futhi lezi akufanele zithathwe kalula :

• Ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemathanjeni
• Ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha
• Izinguquko esimweni sengqondo - isibonelo, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukucasuka kalula
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula noma kwenhliziyo
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, ukwehla kokusabela
• Ukuba nesifo sokuwa (ukuquleka)

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma i-hypophosphatemia embi kakhulu ingelashwa ngokushesha , ingaholela e-coma ngisho nasekufeni . Ngakho-ke uma wena noma othile omaziyo enalezi zimpawu ezinzima, kufanele uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.

Uma sekukhona isikhathi eside (i-Chronic Hypophosphatemia)

Abantu abanamazinga aphansi e-phosphate isikhathi eside (i-hypophosphatemia engapheli) bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu emathanjeni
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo
• Ubuthakathaka
• Isifiso sokudla

Izingane ezincane ezinezinga eliphansi le-phosphate isikhathi eside zingase zibe nezimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-rickets , okuhlanganisa:

• Ukulahlekelwa ubude ngenxa yobudala
• Ukugoba kwemilenze okufana nokugoba
• Ukwanda kwezindawo zesihlakala kanye neqakala ngenxa yezinguquko emathanjeni

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninayo noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Hypophosphatemia)?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani lesi simo singase senzeke. Izimbangela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi sincane noma sibi, sizumayo, noma sihlala isikhathi eside.

Izimbangela ze-hypophosphatemia ephakathi nendawo kanye nembi kakhulu

Ukuntuleka kwe-phosphate okumaphakathi kuya kokukhulu kungenzeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Ngesikhathi sokululama ku-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (i-DKA)
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kanye nokuhoxa kotshwala
• Ukusha okukhulu
• I-Refeeding syndrome : Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kalula nje, ukubuyela ngokuzumayo ekudleni ngemva kwesikhathi sokuzila ukudla, okubangela izinguquko eziyingozi, ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ukuphila, emazingeni oketshezi kanye nama-electrolyte emzimbeni.
• I-alkalosis yokuphefumula enzima: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kungekho carbon dioxide eyanele egazini.

Izimbangela ze-hypophosphatemia yesikhathi eside

• Amazinga aphezulu e-hormone ye-parathyroid, isibonelo esimweni esithi "Hyperparathyroidism".
• Okunye ukungalingani kwama-hormone, njenge-Cushing's syndrome.
• Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D.
• Ukungamuncwa kahle kokudla yisimo lapho ukudla kungamuncwa kahle ngenxa yokungondleki kahle kanye nezinkinga zamathumbu.
• Okunye ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte, njenge-magnesium ephansi (i-hypomagnesemia) kanye ne-potassium ephansi (i-hypokalemia).
• Ukwelashwa kokuntuleka kwensimbi ukufuthwa nge-IV iron, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-ferric carboxymaltose (FCM). Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma insimbi ithathwa njalo ngale ndlela.
• Ukusebenzisa ama-diuretics isikhathi eside.
• Ukusetshenziswa njalo noma ngokweqile kwama-antacid abophezelayo i-phosphate, athengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kweseluleko sezokwelapha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-antacid aqukethe i-aluminium, i-calcium, ne-magnesium.
• Ukudakwa ngomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-theophylline, onikezwa abesifazane abakhulelwe.

Abantu abanesifo sezinso esithuthukile (ikakhulukazi labo abasebenzisa i-dialysis) bathatha imithi ebizwa ngokuthi "ama-phosphate binders" kanye nokudla, enikezwe uchwepheshe wezinso zabo, ukuze banciphise ukumuncwa kwe-phosphate ekudleni. Lokhu kungabangela namazinga aphansi e-phosphate uma kusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Lesi simo (Hypophosphatemia) sitholakala kanjani?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuxilonga. Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinga le-phosphate egazini lakho . Uma ukuhlushwa kwe-phosphate egazini lakho kungaphansi kwama-milligram angu-2.5 nge-deciliter (mg/dL), kuthiwa une-"Hypophosphatemia".

Izinga elijwayelekile le-phosphate egazini kubantu abadala liphakathi kuka-2.5 no-4.5 mg/dL, kanti ezinganeni, liphakathi kuka-4.5 no-6.5 mg/dL. Kodwa-ke, la manani angahluka kancane kuye ngelabhorethri.

Ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-acute hypophosphatemia, imbangela ingabonakala ngokucacile ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-hypophosphatemia ivame ukuba umphumela wesinye isimo sezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole imbangela futhi ahlole impilo yakho iyonke. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwezinso, ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-calcium, ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-vitamin D.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo.
• Mhlawumbe ukuskena izithombe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha (Hypophosphatemia)?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo, kuyilapho kubuyiselwa amazinga e-phosphate egazini.

Abantu abane-hypophosphatemia ephansi kuya kwephakathi bavame ukunikezwa amaphilisi okufaka esikhundleni se-phosphate ngomlomo. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukudla ukudla okune-phosphorus eningi.

Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sibi kakhulu, i-phosphate inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (ngokusebenzisa i-IV) .

Ingabe kukhona esingakwenza ukuvimbela lesi simo?

Yiqiniso, akuzona zonke izimo ze-hypophosphatemia ezingavinjelwa, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinzima futhi ezizumayo. Kodwa-ke, ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo kungasiza ngandlela thile ekuvimbeleni amazinga e-phosphate aphansi.

Yikuphi ukudla okune-phosphorus eningi?

• Inyama, inhlanzi kanye namanye amaprotheni: Izingxenye ezifana namaqanda, inkukhu, i-turkey, ingulube, ukudla kwasolwandle kanye nesibindi.
• Imikhiqizo yobisi: ubisi, ushizi, ushizi we-cottage, i-yogurt.
• Amantongomane nembewu: ama-alimondi, ama-cashew, amantongomane aseBrazil, imbewu yethanga, imbewu yesesame.

Okubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela noma isazi sokudla okunempilo.

Uma unesifo esikubeka engcupheni enkulu ye-hypophosphatemia, njenge-hyperparathyroidism, izinkinga ze-malabsorption, noma ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin D, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo bese ulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-hypophosphatemia.

Kuzokwenzekani esikhathini esizayo? (Isibikezelo)

Ukubikezela kwalesi simo kuncike ekutheni sincane noma sibi kakhulu, siqala ngokuzumayo, noma sihlala isikhathi eside. Izimo ezincane zivame ukusabela kahle ekwelashweni, okusho ukuthi zingelapheka. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezinzima neziqala ngokuzumayo zingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma zingelashwa ngokushesha.

Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona ngenxa ye-(Hypophosphatemia)?

Yebo, uma ingelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukwehla kwesikhathi eside kwe-phosphate (i-hypophosphatemia engapheli), isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-osteomalacia singavela. Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho amathambo ethamba futhi ephuka kalula .

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma unezimpawu ezinzima ze-hypophosphatemia, njengobuhlungu bemisipha obungachazeki kanye nezinguquko esimweni sengqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu.

Ngakho-ke, le phosphate esikhulume ngayo namuhla iyi-"electrolyte" ebaluleke kakhulu egazini lethu. Ukwehla okuncane kwe-phosphate (i-hypophosphatemia emincane) kungabonakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi futhi akuyona into okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udle ukudla okuningi okune-phosphorus eningi.

Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo noma umkhuba okubeka engcupheni yokuntuleka okukhulu kwe-phosphate, njengokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile noma ukungamuncwa kwamathumbu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Babuze ukuthi ungayivimbela kanjani i-hypophosphatemia nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele. Khumbula, udokotela wakho ungumngane wakho omkhulu ohambweni lwakho lwezempilo. Bangakusiza.

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