Ingxenye Ebalulekile Yesistimu Yakho Yokugaya Ukudla: Masifunde Nge-Rectum | Nirogi Lanka

Namuhla, sixoxa ngengxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wakho evame ukunganakwa kuze kube yilapho kukhona okuzwakala kungahambi kahle: i-rectum. Njengengxenye yokugcina yesistimu yakho yokugaya ukudla, ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo kanye nezinkinga ezivamile kubalulekile empilweni yakho iyonke. Ake sihlole ukuthi iyini, isebenza kanjani, kanye nezimo ezingaba khona ezingayithinta lapha eNirogi Lanka.

Iyini i-Rectum?

Kalula nje, i-rectum yakho iyisigaba sokugcina samathumbu akho amakhulu. Ungase wazi i-large intestine njengesakhiwo eside, esifana ne-tube esihlanganisa i-colon, i-rectum, kanye nomsele wendunu. I-rectum yakho ingamasentimitha angu-1.2 ubude futhi isebenza njengegumbi lokugcina lokulinda imfucuza ngaphambi kokuba iphume emzimbeni wakho. Njengoba imfucuza egayiwe—noma indle—isuka ku-colon, iqoqana ku-rectum, lapho ihlala khona kuze kube yilapho imizwa yakho ikhombisa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwekholoni kanye ne-rectum?

I-rectum yakho iqala lapho i-colon yakho iphela khona. Nakuba zabelana ngezakhiwo zezicubu ezifanayo—njengezingqimba zemisipha kanye nezindlala ezikhipha uketshezi—kunomehluko omkhulu. I-colon iba yinde kakhulu futhi iyaqhubeka nokucubungula ukudla. Ngesikhathi imfucuza ifika ku-rectum, isivele yakhiwe yaba yindle. Indima eyinhloko ye-rectum yakho ukugcina le mfucuza okwesikhashana ngenkathi imunca amanzi asele kanye nama-electrolyte, uyibambe uze ulungele ukuyidlulisa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-rectum ne-anus?

Umsele wendunu uqala lapho i-rectum yakho iphela khona, okumelela amasentimitha ambalwa okugcina omgudu wokugaya ukudla. Indunu iqukethe imisipha ebalulekile ye-sphincter yendunu , ekunikeza ukulawula ngokuzithandela ukunyakaza kwamathumbu akho, okukuvumela ukuthi ubambe noma ukhulule indle njengoba kudingeka.

I-rectum isebenza kanjani ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-rectum ukugcina indle uze ufike endlini yangasese. Njengoba imfucuza ingena isuka emathunjini, i-rectum iyakhululeka futhi inwebeke njengebhaluni ukuze ikwazi ukuyigcina. Phakathi nalesi sigaba sokugcina, iyaqhubeka nokumunca amanzi asele kanye nama-electrolyte ukuze iqinise indle, kuyilapho ikhipha i-mucus ukuze isize ukuthi idlule kahle. Uma i-rectum isigcwele, ama-stretch receptors atshela ubuchopho bakho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.

Ikuphi i-rectum?

Amathumbu akho amakhulu azungeza amathumbu amancane ngaphakathi kwesisu. I-rectum itholakala ekugcineni kwalesi sigaba, ifihlwe ngaphansi kwezinye izitho zesisu futhi igobile iye endunu. Ngokwemvelo, ihlala emgodini we-pelvic , ibekwe phakathi kwesisu sakho nemisipha yakho yephansi le-pelvic. Ingxenye engenhla ye-rectum ixhuma ku-sigmoid colon, kuyilapho ingxenye engezansi ixhuma kumsele we-anal.

I-rectum ide kangakanani?

Ngokuvamile, i-rectum ingamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kwangu-15 ubude (cishe amasentimitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-6). Ikhethekile kakhulu; njengoba imisipha isebenza ukukhipha udoti, ingafinyela futhi ifinyele njenge-slinky. Njengezinye izingxenye zamathumbu, ingamasentimitha angaba ngu-3 ububanzi, kodwa iyakwazi ukwelula kakhulu kunezinye izingxenye , isebenza njengendawo yokugcina indle enkulu okwesikhashana.

Yiziphi izakhiwo zangaphakathi ze-rectum?

I-rectum inesimo esincane "S" esinama-curve amabili amakhulu. I-curve ephezulu, i- sacral flexure , ilandela i-curve yomgogodla wakho, kanti i-anorectal flexure engezansi iphawula ukushintshela emseleni wendunu. La ma-curve abalulekile ekugcineni ukuzibamba , akusize ulawule ukunyakaza kwamathumbu.

Ngaphakathi, i-rectum ihlukaniswe ngama-horizontal folds aziwa ngokuthi ama -valve aseHouston . Ikamelo lokugcina libizwa ngokuthi i- rectal ampulla .Uma leli gumbi ligcwele, ama-stretch receptors odongeni lwe-rectal athumela izimpawu ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa oluphakathi, ekutshela ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuhambisa isisu. Njengoba ingcindezi ikhula, ukumelana nesifiso kuba nzima kancane kancane.

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta i-rectum?

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-rectum kungathinta ulwelwesi, imisipha, noma imizwa, okuholela ebuhlungwini nasekungasebenzi kahle. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezivamile :

• I-Proctitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwe-rectal. Kungabangelwa izifo, okuhlanganisa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, noma izimo ezingamahlalakhona njenge -Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) .
• Izilonda zangemuva: Lezi yizilonda ezibuhlungu nezivulekile ezingase zibangele ukopha.
• Ithumba le-Perianal: Isikhwama esibuhlungu nesigcwele ubomvu esivela endaweni ye-rectum, i-anus, noma indawo ezungezile ye-perineal.
• Ama-polyp e-Colorectal: Ukukhula okuncane olwelwesini lwe-rectum. Nakuba amaningi engengozi, amanye angakhula abe umdlavuza we-colorectal , ngakho-ke ukuqapha kochwepheshe kubalulekile.
• Ukwehla kwesisu: Lapho imisipha ebambe i-rectum iba buthaka, i-rectum ingase ishelele isuke endaweni yayo evamile bese iphuma ingene noma idlule emseleni wendunu, njenge-telescope.
• I-Levator syndrome: Iqanjwe ngomsipha we -levator ani osekela i-rectum, lesi simo sibangela ubuhlungu be-rectal ngezikhathi ezithile, okungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokuqina kwemisipha.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwendle: Uma imisipha noma imizwa ye-rectal yonakele, ungase ube nobunzima bokulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu, okuholela ekuvuza okungahleliwe.
• Ukuzikhulula okuvalekile: Izinkinga zomzimba noma zokusebenza, njengokungasebenzi kahle kwephansi le-pelvic , lapho imisipha yehluleka ukuhambisana kahle, kungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphuma kwendle.
• Ukuqunjelwa kanye nokushaywa yindle: Ubunzima bokuphuma kwendle kungabangela ukuthi indle ibe lukhuni, yome, futhi ihlale e-rectum, okudinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zenkinga ye-rectal?

Uma uhlangabezana nezinguquko eziqhubekayo emikhubeni yamathumbu, ukopha endulwini, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma yiziphi izimpawu eziphathelene nalokhu, sicela uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma uvakashele umnyango wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze nawe ngokushesha.

Uma ubhekene nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngempilo yakho yangemuva nochwepheshe wezempilo:

• Ukopha kwamathumbu: Ukubona amabala egazi ezimpahleni zakho zangaphansi noma esitsheni sendlu yangasese.
• Ubuhlungu be-Anorectum: Ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngaphakathi noma eduze kwe-anus, noma ukuzwa ukungakhululeki okuqhubekayo esiswini sakho esingezansi noma esifundeni se-pelvic.
• Ukuluma kwendunu noma izimpawu zokutheleleka: Ukuluma okuqhubekayo noma izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokucasuka eduze komgodi wendunu.
• Izinguquko emikhubeni yokuthulula isisu: Ukushintsha okuphawulekayo embaleni, ekuqineni, noma kaningi kokunyakaza kwamathumbu akho.
• I-Tenesmus noma i-dyschezia: Umuzwa oqhubekayo wokudinga ukuphuma kwendle (tenesmus), noma ukuzwa ubunzima nobuhlungu ngenkathi uphuma kwendle (dyschezia).
• Ukuwa kwesitho se-pelvic: Umuzwa weqhubu noma inqwaba ephuma embotsheni yendunu.

Odokotela bayihlola kanjani impilo yakho yangemuva?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokuxilonga odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuhlola i-rectum. Ake sibheke ukuthi zihilelani:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Digital Rectal (DRE): Kule nqubo, udokotela ogqoke igilavu ​​​​eligcotshwe ngokhilimu ufaka umunwe kancane e-rectum yakho ukuze azwe ukuthi kukhona okungajwayelekile. Le `(DRE)` ivame ukuba yingxenye yokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngokomzimba noma kwabesifazane. Ivumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole hhayi kuphela i-rectum kodwa futhi ne-prostate (kwabesilisa) noma umlomo wesibeletho kanye nesibeletho (kwabesifazane) ngodonga lwe-rectum.
• Isiko le-rectal:Phakathi nalolu vivinyo, udokotela usebenzisa i-cotton swab ukuqoqa isampula odongeni lwe-rectum yakho, bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlole ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amagciwane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Udokotela wakho angase acele isampula yendle ukuze ayihlaziye ukuze abone izimpawu zokutheleleka, igazi elingavamile, noma inani eliphezulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi.
• I-anorectal manometry: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi imisipha yakho nezinzwa zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza kwamathumbu. I-catheter encane, eguquguqukayo enebhaluni elincane ifakwa ku-rectum yakho. Ibhaluni ligcwala amanzi afudumele, bese i-catheter ixhunywe kukhompyutha ukuze ilinganise ingcindezi kanye nokuxhumana kwemisipha yakho yaphansi kwe-pelvic.
• I-Defecography: Lolu cwaningo lwezithombe (olusebenzisa i-X-ray noma i-MRI) lubamba izitho zakho zisebenza njengoba uzama ukuphuma endlini yangasese. Uchwepheshe uzofaka i-contrast agent ku-rectum yakho. Uzoba sendaweni yangasese ngenkathi udokotela ebuka ukunyakaza kwemisipha yakho yangaphakathi nezakhiwo kusikrini ukuze athole noma yiziphi izinkinga zokusebenza.
• I-enema ye-Barium: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-'GI X-ray'. Idayi yokungafani ebizwa ngokuthi i-barium ifakwa ku-rectum yakho njenge-enema, okuvumela izithombe ze-X-ray yevidiyo ezibonisa umehluko omkhulu, ezi-fluoroscopic, ze-rectum yakho kanye ne-large intestine.
• I-Proctoscopy: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa i-scope emfushane, eqinile efakwe ukukhanya nekhamera ukuhlola ingaphakathi le-rectum yakho. Uma kudingeka, udokotela angadlulisa amathuluzi kule scope ukuze athole i-tissue biopsy.
• I-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo: Uma udokotela wakho edinga ukubheka kabanzi, angasebenzisa i-scope ende neguquguqukayo ukuhlola ingxenye yokugcina yekholoni lakho, eyaziwa ngokuthi ikholoni ye-sigmoid. Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni izimo ezifana ne -Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) noma izifo zesisu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi le nqubo idinga ukulungiswa kwamathumbu (ukulungiswa kwamathumbu) kusengaphambili.

Ungayigcina kanjani i-rectum yakho iphilile?

Nakuba kungezona zonke izimo ze-rectal ezingavinjelwa, ukwamukela le mikhuba enempilo kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi zakho:

• Yenza ucansi oluphephile: Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI) zingathinta kalula izindawo zesitho sangasese sowesilisa nesangasese sowesifazane. Qinisekisa ukuthi wena nomlingani wakho nihlolwa njalo futhi nisebenzisa isivikelo ukuvimbela izifo.
• Gcina ukudla okucebile nge-fiber: Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe futhi ugxile kokusanhlamvu okuphelele, imifino, nezithelo. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu njalo, kuvimbele ukuqunjelwa kanye nokucindezeleka okungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi ze-rectal.
• Thola i-colonoscopy yakho ejwayelekile: Indlela ejwayelekile `(Colonoscopy)` iyindinganiso yegolide yokuthola ama-polyp nokuvimbela umdlavuza we-rectal kanye ne-colon ngaphambi kokuba ube yingozi.
• Ungazinaki izimpawu: Uma unobuhlungu obuqhubekayo, izinguquko endleleni yakho yokuzilungisa, noma ukungakhululeki, bona udokotela kusenesikhathi. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokuphathwa okuphumelelayo.

Imicabango yokugcina evela eNirogi Lanka

Cabanga nge-rectum yakho njengebhuloho elibalulekile ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Ngenxa yokuxhumana kwayo komzimba ne-colon yakho kanye ne-anus yakho, ukugcina impilo ye-rectum kubalulekile enhlalakahleni yakho yonke yesisu esiphansi.

Ukubhekana nokungakhululeki kwe-rectal kungaba nzima ngokomzimba futhi kuvame ukuba namahloni, kodwa isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo. Udokotela wezifo zamathumbu noma udokotela we-proctologist (uchwepheshe wezempilo ye-colorectal) angakunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa olusebenzayo. Ungahlupheki buthule—xhumana nochwepheshe. Uma uzwa ukopha okungazelelwe, okukhulu noma ubuhlungu obukhulu, sicela uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze noma ushayele izinsizakalo zezimo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni ngokushesha.

Amathegi: I-Rectum, Indle, Ukugaya, Ukuqunjelwa, Izinkinga ze-Anorectal, I-Colonoscopy