Uyazi ngalomthambo obalulekile esihlathini sakho? (I-Exficial Temporal Artery)

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomthambo omncane kodwa obaluleke kakhulu ekhanda lethu, ikakhulukazi endaweni yesihlathi, esingacabangi kakhulu ngawo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "i-Exficial Temporal Artery". Ungesabi, noma ngabe igama lizwakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kalula nje, lo msele omkhulu onikeza impilo, okungukuthi, igazi, ebusweni bethu nasekhanda. Kufana negatsha elincane elithwala amanzi liye esihlahleni.

Kungani le "Exficial Temporal Artery" ibalulekile kithi?

Kulungile, manje cishe uyazibuza, "Yini enhle kangaka ngalo mthambo omncane?" Into eyinhloko ukuthi lo `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)` unikeza igazi esikhumbeni sobuso bakho kanye nesikhumba sekhanda . Cabanga nje, ukuze sigcine isikhumba sethu siphilile, sikhulise izinwele, zonke lezi zinto zidinga ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi okuhle. Yilokho lokhu okusiza ngakho.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, ngezinye izikhathi lo mthambo uwusizo kakhulu kodokotela. Cabanga, uma kunenkinga ngomthambo wegazi ngaphakathi kobuchopho (`(Aneurysm)`, noma into efana ne-`(Middle Cerebral Artery)` noma `(Internal Carotid Artery)`, enciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, khona-ke ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kuyehla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela basebenzisa le `(Superficial Temporal Artery)` njengendlela ehlukile, okungukuthi, njenge-`(Bypass Route)`, bese bevumela igazi ligeleze ebuchosheni . Lokhu kufana nokuthatha enye indlela lapho umgwaqo uvaliwe. Le ndlela isetshenziswa nasezifweni ezifana ne-`(Moyamoya Disease)`, noma ngemva kwe-`(Stroke)`.

Enye into ukuthi kunezikhathi lapho lo mthambo usetshenziswa khona njengomsele wezinye izindlela `(Ukwelashwa Nge-Endovascular)`, okungukuthi, ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, noma ukuhlolwa okufana `(i-Angiogram).` Ngakho-ke, yize uncane, insizakalo ohlinzeka ngayo inhle kakhulu, akunjalo?

Ikuphi ngempela le `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)` emizimbeni yethu?

Kulula kakhulu ukuyithola. Umthambo we-temporal ongaphezulu utholakala phambi kwendlebe yakho, ngaphezu kwethambo lesihlathi lakho, ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Ukuze kube sobala, uqala endlaleni ye-parotid, engaphansi naphambi kwendlebe yakho. Bese ikhuphuka phakathi kwethambo lesihlathi lakho nendlebe yakho. Uma uthinta kancane indawo ephambi kwendlebe yakho ngeminwe yakho, ungase ukwazi ukuzwa umthambo ushaya. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozwayo, kodwa lokho kuvamile.

Ungase futhi ufune ukwazi ukuthi lo mthambo uvelaphi. Sinemithambo emibili emikhulu ohlangothini ngalunye lwentamo yethu, ebizwa ngokuthi `(External Carotid Artery)`. Elinye lamagatsha aqhamuka ekugcineni kwalowo `(External Carotid Artery)` yi-`(Superficial Temporal Artery)`. Ngakho-ke, njengoba nje sine-`(Carotid Artery)` ohlangothini lwesobunxele nakwesokudla lwentamo yethu, sinayo nale `(Superficial Temporal Artery)` ohlangothini ngalunye lwekhanda lethu.

Yiziphi amagatsha alo `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)`?

Njengoba nje amagatsha ehluma esiqwini esikhulu somuthi, lo `(uMthambo Wesikhashana Ongaphezulu)` nawo uhluma ube amagatsha amancane. Unamagatsha amabili ayinhloko:

1. Igatsha Langaphambili: Lokhu kunikeza igazi emisipheni nasesikhumbeni sebunzi lakho.

2. Igatsha Le-Parietal: Lokhu kunikeza igazi endaweni yekhanda lakho ngaphezu kwezindlebe zakho (izifunda ze-Parietal neze-Temporal). Kalula nje, kufana nokuthi uma ufaka i-headset, kufana nokuthi iyakhala.

Ngaphezu kwalawa magatsha amabili amakhulu, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningana zamagatsha amancane. Lawa:

• `(Umthambo Wobuso Oguquliwe)`
• `(Umthambo Wesikhashana Ophakathi)`
• `(I-Zygomatico-orbital Artery)`
• `(Umthambo Wendlebe)`

Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa okushoyo ukuthi la magatsha amancane ahlinzeka ngegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuso, endaweni ezungeze amathambo ezihlathi, kanye nendawo ezungeze izindlebe.

Ingabe le mithambo yegazi iyafana kuwo wonke umuntu? Noma ingabe kukhona umehluko?

Lona futhi umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Cha, akuwona wonke umuntu onamagatsha e-`(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)` ngendlela efanayo . Njengeminwe yethu, lokhu nakho kungaba nomehluko omncane kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye.

• Kwabanye abantu, "i-Superficial Temporal Artery" eyodwa ingaveza amagatsha amabili, futhi akuvamile ngisho namathathu, angaphambili. Kungenzeka okufanayo nasemagatsheni e-parietal.
• Futhi, indawo eyinhloko lapho lo mthambo uhlukana khona kabili ingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kwabanye, uhlukana kancane ngaphezu kwethambo lesihlathi, kanti kwabanye, uhlukana kancane ngaphansi.
• Enye into emangazayo ukuthi isakhiwo se-"Superficial Temporal Artery" ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwekhanda lakho singase sihluke kohlangothini lwesokudla.

Kujwayelekile ukuba nalezi zinhlobo zokwehluka komzimba. Odokotela bayakucabangela lokhu kwehluka lapho benza into efana nokuhlinzwa.

Ubukeka kanjani ngempela lo `(uMthambo Wesikhashana Ongaphezulu)`? Wakheka kanjani?

Njengeminye imithambo yegazi, i-Superficial Temporal Artery imise okwepayipi. Inezendlalelo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Ingqimba engaphakathi `(Intima)`: Lokhu kwakhiwe ngemisipha, `(Elastin)` (enikeza imithambo ukuqina kwayo) kanye nohlobo olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi `(Amaseli Endothelial)`. Lolu ngqimba yilona oluthintana ngqo negazi.

2. Ingqimba ephakathi `(Media)`: Lokhu kuqukethe imisipha. Ububanzi bomthambo, okungukuthi, ububanzi bawo, buyanda noma buyancipha ngokufinyela nokwandisa le misipha. Ngale ndlela, inani lokugeleza kwegazi liyalawulwa.

3. Ingqimba engaphandle `(Adventitia): Le ngqimba yilapho umthambo uxhuma khona nezicubu ezithola igazi kuwo. Okusho ukuthi, umthambo uxhumeke ezintweni ezizungezile.

Lezi zingqimba ezintathu zisebenza ndawonye ukugcina umthambo uqinile futhi usize ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wawo wokuthutha igazi ngawo.

Yiziphi izifo nezinkinga ezingathinta lo `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)`?

Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isitho, i-Superficial Temporal Artery ingathinteka yizifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokulimala. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthakathaka bodonga lwemithambo yegazi, okubangela ukuthi luvuvuke njengebhaluni.
• I-Pseudoaneurysm: Umthambo womthambo wonakele futhi igazi liyaqoqana nxazonke zawo, okwenza kubonakale sengathi kukhona i-aneurysm.
• I-Temporal Arteritis noma i-Giant Cell Arteritis: Lesi yisimo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala, ibe bomvu, futhi ibe buhlungu. Lokhu kuba yinto evamile ngokuhamba kweminyaka.
• Izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuhlinzwa kobuso: Ngezinye izikhathi, umthambo ungalimala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okunjalo.
• Ukulimala ebusweni noma ekhanda: Lo mthambo ungasikwa noma uchotshozwe engozini.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinto ezinjengalezi, ukuze ukwazi ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu.

Yiziphi izimpawu esingazilindela uma umthambo womthambo ulimele?

Cabanga nje, uma kunenkinga nge-"Superficial Temporal Artery" yakho, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ubuhlungu obuvame ukuba bukhulu, ikakhulukazi endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili.
• Ukuzungeza: Umuzwa wokuthi izinto ziyakuzungeza.
• Iqhubu elibuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba lapho kukhona khona umthambo: Lingase lizwakale njengeqhubu okunzima ukulibamba esandleni futhi libuhlungu uma licindezelwa.
• Ukukhathala: Akukhona nje ukukhathala, kodwa nokukhathala ngokweqile okuza ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda noma bekhanda: Ubuhlungu noma ukuqina endaweni ezungeze izindlebe noma isikhumba sekhanda kungase kuzwakale lapho kuthintwa noma ngisho nokukanywa.
• Izinkinga ngombono wakho: Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okuphindwe kabili, njll. Lokhu kungaba yinto evamile kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-Temporal Arteritis, ngakho-ke uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho , kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha .
• Ukopha: Uma umthambo ulimele, igazi lingaphuma.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki nje ngokuthi “mhlawumbe kuyinto encane nje.” Kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yalo mthambo?

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi unenkinga nge-"Superficial Temporal Artery" yakho, angenza izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Izivivinyo ezivame ukusetshenziswa yilezi:

• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Lokhu kungabheka ukuma komthambo wegazi nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani kuwo. Kuwukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu futhi okulula.
• I-CT Scan (I-Computed Tomography - I-CT Scan):Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi kutholakale izithombe ezinemininingwane zomthambo kanye nezicubu ezizungezile.
• I-Angiogram: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni wegazi kanye nokuthatha i-X-ray. Lokhu kuyasiza ekutholeni izinto ezifana nokuvinjelwa emthanjeni wegazi, njenge-aneurysms.
• I-MRA (i-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - i-MRA): Lokhu kufana ne-Angiogram, kodwa kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-MRI.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kusolwa isimo esifana ne-Temporal Arteritis, kungase kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kwenziwe i-biopsy, okuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yomthambo ukuze ihlolwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha zalo `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)`?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni umonakalo noma isifo singakanani emthanjeni. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Uma une-aneurysm: Kuye ngobukhulu bayo nendawo yayo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa .
• Uma kuyi-"Pseudoaneurysm": Ngezinye izikhathi ingelapheka nge- "Thrombin Injection" (umuthi onciphisa igazi).
• I-Temporal Arteritis: Lokhu kwelashwa kakhulu ngemithi , ikakhulukazi ama-steroid. Lokhu kufanele kuthathwe njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalile.
• Uma umthambo wonakale engozini: Kuye ngomonakalo , kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe umthambo womoya (ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa) .

Ngakho-ke, udokotela okuxilongayo onquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele wena.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigcine lo `(uMthambo Wesikhashana Ongaphandle)` uphilile?

Manje nansi ingxenye ebalulekile. Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sigcine lolu hlelo lwemithambo yegazi oluncane kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu luphilile. Eqinisweni, izinto ezifanayo ozaziyo ukuthi zilungele inhliziyo yakho kanye neminye imithambo yegazi nazo zilungele lo `(i-Superficial Temporal Artery)`.

• Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo: Faka izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele ekudleni kwakho. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nosawoti ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Yenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emithanjeni yegazi.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Gwema utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Nciphisa usawoti owudlayo: Qaphela inani likasawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Usawoti omningi ungandisa umfutho wegazi.

Asivamile ukucabanga ngale ndlela encane, kodwa esebenza njalo yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa yiyo eletha umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, ngokuphila impilo enempilo yenhliziyo, ungagcina le mithambo yegazi iphilile futhi.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi `(I-Superficial Temporal Artery)` iwumthambo omncane kodwa obaluleke kakhulu ohlinzeka ngegazi ebusweni nasekhanda lethu.

• Lo mthambo ungakha nezifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinkinga.
• Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zendlebe, noma ukushintsha kombono, ungazinaki.
• Ukuphila ngendlela enempilo kungagcina lonke uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, okuhlanganisa nalo mthambo, luphilile.
• Uma unemibuzo noma izinkinga, ungesabi ukubona udokotela futhi ucele iseluleko. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha nakho kuyasiza ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kwezifo ezingase zivele ngokungazi.

Ukunakekela impilo yakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho ake sicabange kancane ngalo mthambo omncane bese sizama ukuwugcina uphilile, akunjalo?

Umthambo wesikhashana ongaphandle, umthambo, ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi, ikhanda, ubuso, impilo, izimpawu