Uke wacelwa ukuthi wenze i-endoscopy? Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngakho!

Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi udinga ukwenza i-endoscopy, ungase wesabe kancane futhi ube nelukuluku, akunjalo? Cishe unemibuzo eminingi ekhanda lakho, njengokuthi kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani, futhi ingabe kuzobuhlungu? Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizoxoxa ngale endoscopy ngendlela elula. Ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Endoscopy?

Kalula nje, i-endoscopy inqubo ekuvumela ukuthi ubheke eduze ingaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elide, elincane elifana nethubhu elibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope. Leli thuluzi livame ukuba nekhamera encane nokukhanya okunamathiselwe kolunye uhlangothi. Udokotela ufaka ithuluzi emzimbeni wakho, bese kuthi uma lifika endaweni ofuna ukuyihlola, izithombe, ezibe seziboniswa kusikrini.

Cabanga ngakho njengokufaka ikhamera encane emzimbeni wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi yini engaphakathi. Amanye ama-endoscope aneziteshi ezincane, noma amashubhu, lapho ungafaka khona amathuluzi amancane ukuze uthathe ucezu lwezicubu (olubizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy) noma wenze ukuhlinzwa okuncane.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-endoscopy?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-endoscopy. Kodwa zonke zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Okusho ukuthi, udokotela ufaka ithuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope ngembobo yemvelo emzimbeni wakho (isibonelo, umlomo wakho, ikhala, noma i-anus) noma ngokusikeka okuncane esikhumbeni sakho. Leli thuluzi livumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole noma elaphe ngqo isitho esidinga ukuhlolwa.

Umehluko omkhulu usezintweni ezifana nalezi:

• Igama lokuhlolwa: Leli gama livame ukutholakala esithweni esihlolwayo. Isibonelo, i-endoscopy yokuhlola amathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni) ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Colonoscopy".
• Uhlobo Lobubanzi: Lufana. Igama lethuluzi lisekelwe esithweni esihlolwayo. Ngakho-ke, i-endoscope esetshenziswa ku-"Colonoscopy" ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Colonoscope". Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-"Endoscopes". Ezinye "ziguquguquka" , okusho ukuthi zingagobeka kalula. Ezinye "ziqinile" , okusho ukuthi ziqondile. Ezinye i-endoscope zineziteshi ngaphakathi kwazo zokuthatha amasampula ezicubu, zipholise amanxeba, futhi zenze okunye ukwelashwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili.

Futhi, izinto ezifana nendlela okuhlolwa ngayo, isitho esihlolwayo, kanye nalapho ithuluzi lifakwe khona nazo ziyahlukahluka.

Ngakho-ke, ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-endoscopy?

Bheka, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabizwa ngokuthi udokotela ngelinye lala magama.

• I-Anoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka i-endoscope nge-anus yakho ukuze ubheke i-anus yakho kanye ne-rectum.
• I-Arthroscopy:Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane phezu kwelinye lamalunga akho bese kufakwa i-endoscope kuyo ukuze kuhlolwe izinkinga zamalunga, njenge-arthritis.
• I-Bronchoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo noma ekhaleni ukuze kubhekwe umphimbo namaphaphu.
• I-Colonoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus bese kuhlolwa wonke amathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni).
• I-Cystoscopy: I-endoscope idluliselwa nge-urethra yakho (ipayipi lapho umchamo uphuma khona) ukuze ibheke i-urethra yakho kanye nesinye.
• I-Enteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo (i-enteroscopy engenhla) noma i-rectum (i-enteroscopy engezansi) ukuze kubonwe amathumbu amancane.
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) noma i-endoscopy ephezulu: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo ukuze ibheke umphimbo, isisu, kanye nengxenye engenhla yamathumbu amancane.
• I-Hysteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze ibuke isibeletho.
• I-Laparoscopy: Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane esiswini bese kufakwa i-endoscope ngayo ukuze kubonwe izitho zesisu kanye nohlelo lokuzala.
• I-Laryngoscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa ngomlomo noma ekhaleni ukuze kubhekwe i-larynx (ibhokisi lezwi).
• I-Mediastinoscopy: Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane ngaphezu kwethambo lesifuba ukuze kubhekwe indawo ephakathi kwamaphaphu, equkethe inhliziyo, umphimbo, kanye ne-trachea (i-mediastinum).
• I-Neuroendoscopy: Kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane ekhanda bese kuhlolwa ubuchopho.
• I-Proctoscopy (i-sigmoidoscopy eqinile): I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe indawo ye-rectum kanye ne-anal.
• I-Sigmoidoscopy (i-sigmoidoscopy eguquguqukayo): I-endoscope ifakwa nge-anus ukuze ibheke ingxenye engezansi yamathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni ye-sigmoid) kanye nendawo yendunu.
• I-Thoracoscopy (ebizwa nangokuthi i-pleuroscopy): Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane esifubeni ukuze kuhlolwe amaphaphu nendawo ewazungezile, okuhlanganisa i-diaphragm, i-trachea, kanye nodonga lwesifuba.
• I-Ureteroscopy: I-endoscope ifakwa nge-urethra ukuze ibone amapayipi (ama-ureter) athwala umchamo usuka ezinso uye kwesinye.

Wow! Bheka ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezikhona. Kodwa konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukukusiza ukuthola inkinga eqondile emzimbeni wakho.

Izindlela Ezithuthukisiwe Ze-Endoscopy

Kulezi zinsuku, ososayensi bathola izindlela ezintsha zokwenza le endoscopy ibe lula futhi ingalimazi kakhulu umzimba. Isibonelo yi -capsule endoscopy . Lokhu akubandakanyi ukufaka ipayipi emzimbeni wakho. Esikhundleni salokho, ugwinya i-capsule encane, njengephilisi levithamini. Kukhona ikhamera ngaphakathi kwe-capsule. Ngemva kokuyigwinya, ithatha izithombe njengoba idlula emphinjeni wakho, esiswini, nasemathunjini amancane. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola izinto ezifana nokopha kanye nezimila ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla.

Kungani senza i-endoscopy?

Odokotela basebenzisa i-endoscopy ngezinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko: Eyokuqala ukuhlola izimo ezithile kanti eyesibili ukuhlola isifo .

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-colonoscopy. Kuyindlela edumile kakhulu yokubona umdlavuza wamathumbu. Ihlola umdlavuza wamathumbu.

Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ze-endoscopy ekuxilongeni isifo ukuthi, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili , ingathatha ucezu lwezicubu ezingavamile bese iyithumela elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe (i-biopsy) . Le biopsy iyindlela kuphela yokubona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ingumdlavuza noma cha.

Esikhathini esidlule, i-endoscopy yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola izitho zomzimba. Kodwa manje, i-endoscopy isetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni izimo ezahlukahlukene, njengokuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi esilondeni sesisu. Esikhathini esidlule, uma kwenzeka into efana nale, kuzodingeka uhlinzwe kakhulu.

Yiziphi izifo ezingatholakala nge-endoscopy?

I-Endoscopy ingaxilonga izifo zezinhlelo ezilandelayo:

• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: Izifo zesisu, ama-polyp e-colon, kanye nomdlavuza we-colon.
• Ikhanda nentamo: Izinkinga zokugwinya kanye ne-laryngitis.
• Amalunga: I-Arthritis, imifantu yamalunga kanye nokuqhekeka kwamalunga.
• Isimiso sezinzwa: Izimila zobuchopho.
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula: Isifo samaphaphu kanye nokutheleleka.
• Uhlelo lomchamo: Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs) kanye namatshe ezinso.
• Uhlelo lokuzala: Ukopha kwesibeletho okungavamile, i-endometriosis, kanye nezinkinga zokungabi nabantwana.

Ukwelashwa nge-endoscopy

Ngama-endoscope athile, odokotela bangasebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ukwenza izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukwelashwa kwenxeba.
• Imithi.
• Ukususwa koketshezi.
• Ukuvimba ukopha emzimbeni.
• Ukususwa kwezicubu noma izimila ezonakele.
• Ukuvula izikhala ezivalekile, ukwandisa imilenze emincane.
• Ama-stents (amapayipi amancane abekwe ukugcina isitho esivalekile noma esonakele sivulekile).
• Ukuhlinzwa.

Isibonelo, ku-laparoscopy, odokotela benza ukuhlinzwa ngokusebenzisa izimbobo eziningana ezincane kakhulu esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa okukodwa okukhulu. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole . Lokhu akungeni kakhulu kunokuhlinzwa kwendabuko. Le ndlela manje isisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izifo eziningi.

Ulungiselela kanjani i-endoscopy?

Ukulungiselela kwakho kuzoncika ohlotsheni lwe-endoscopy olwenzayo. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Yenza ukuhlolwa okudingekayo: Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa komgudu womchamo, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuze uhlole ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI). Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa nge-hysteroscopy, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa.
• Nikeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo, imithi oyisebenzisayo, namavithamini.
• Ukuzila Ukudla: Uzocelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho amahora amaningana ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzonqunyelwa kulokho ongakudla noma okukuphuzayo.
• Hlanza amathumbu akho: Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-colonoscopy noma i-enteroscopy, kubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kwamathumbu. Lokhu kusho ukususa yonke indle.
• Yeka ukuthatha imithi ethile: Imithi enciphisa igazi, njenge-warfarin (Coumadin® noma i-Jantoven®) kanye ne-aspirin, kungadingeka ukuthi iyekwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kungadingeka futhi ukuthi ushintshe eminye imithi oyithathayo izinsuku ezimbalwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
• Yeka ukubhema: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Hlela ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemoto: Uma unikezwa umuthi wokudambisa noma wokubulala izinzwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngeke ukwazi ukushayela uma uya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka uhlele ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemoto.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy? Ingabe kuyabuhlungu?

I-endoscopy ivame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 namahora ama-2 ukwenza. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa. Abantu abaningi baya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo ne-endoscopy yabo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinqubo ze-endoscopy zidinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ubusuku bonke.

Ezinqubweni eziningi ze-endoscopy, odokotela basebenzisa i-sedation elinganiselayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngesikhathi senqubo futhi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukubakhipha abantu ebuthongweni ngokuphelele (`(I-anesthesia ejwayelekile)`) (okungukuthi, ukufaka ipayipi lokuphefumula `(Intubation)`). Abanye abantu banganikwa umuthi oqeda kuphela indawo ethile (`(I-anesthesia yendawo)`) ngaphandle kokubakhipha abantu ebuthongweni, kanye nomuthi ophumuzayo (`(I-Sedative)`).

Uma uzizwa ukhululekile kakhulu noma ulele, udokotela uzofaka i-endoscope kancane kancane ize ifike endaweni abafuna ukuyihlola. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyishintsha bese bebheka izitho nezingxenye abafuna ukuzihlola kusikrini. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, bazokurekhoda futhi, uma kudingeka, bathathe izicubu noma benze ukwelashwa.

Uma kwenziwa i-incision, iyavalwa.

Ingabe kuzobuhlungu? Cha. Ngenxa yomuthi oqeda izinhlungu, ngeke uzizwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kwezinye izivivinyo, njenge-colonoscopy, ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kancane lapho ipayipi lifakwa. Kodwa lokho kuyaphela ngokushesha.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy?

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoqapha izimpawu zakho zokuphila. Ungase uzizwe ulele kancane ngenxa yemithi yokulala. Kodwa abantu abaningi baya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kuzodingeka uqaphele kancane ngalolo suku futhi ugweme umsebenzi onzima.

Kuye ngohlobo lwe-endoscopy oye waluthola, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?

Imiphumela eminingi emibi iba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala . Incike ohlotsheni lokuhlolwa okwenziwe kanye nokuthi i-endoscope ifakwe kuphi. Isibonelo, uma i-endoscope ifakwe emphinjeni, ungase uzwe ukusha kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu kancane. Uma i-endoscope ifakwe emathunjini, ungase uzwe umuzwa wokugcwala, ukuqaqamba kwesisu, kanye nesicanucanu.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungakunciphisa kanjani lokhu kungakhululeki futhi akunike amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu uma kudingeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungalindela nini ukwazi imiphumela. Bangase bakhulume nawe ngakho ngalolo suku, noma bangase bakucele ukuthi ubuye ngosuku oluhlukile ukuzoxoxa ngemiphumela.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

I-Endoscopy inqubo evamile ebhekwa njengephephile . Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, izinkinga ezifana nokulimala kwangaphakathi kanye nokutheleleka zingavela. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha :

• Izimpawu zokutheleleka: umkhuhlane, ukubanda, nokuthuthumela. Uma indawo yokusikwa ibomvu futhi ivuvukele.
• Uma indle imnyama futhi ilindile .
• Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokusikeka.
• Uma ukhwehlela njalo noma ukhwehlela igazi.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula .
• Uma unezinhlungu esifubeni .

Ingabe nawe uphupha nge-endoscopy?

Kuncike ekuhlolweni okwenziwayo. Ezivivinyweni ezihilela uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla (Umgudu wesisu - Umgudu we-GI), ungase ulele. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ungase uphapheme, kodwa ungase unikezwe imithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu.

Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi uzolala yini noma cha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ngisho noma unikezwa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu, ukufakwa kwepayipi emzimbeni wakho kungase kungabonakali kuyinto ejabulisayo. Kodwa cabanga ngezinzuzo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nokuhlolwa okulula njenge-ultrasound kungabonisa ngokusobala isifo esingeke sibonwe. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ngeke kudingeke ubuyele kudokotela futhi wenze izivivinyo ezengeziwe. Ezinye i-biopsies zingathathwa kuphela nge-endoscopy. I-Endoscopy manje iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ezinye izifo. Ingasheshisa ukuhlinzwa futhi inciphise isikhathi sokululama.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzazi (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Izinqubo eziningi ze-endoscopy zithatha cishe imizuzu engama-30 kuphela . Ezimweni eziningi, ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi ngokwenza lolu hlobo lwenqubo, unakekela impilo yakho. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba . Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Lokho kuzokusiza uzizwe ukhululekile kakhudlwana.

Ngakho-ke, uma kufanele wenze i-endoscopy, lungiselela kahle, ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela, futhi konke kuzolunga!

I- Endoscopy, i-Endoscopy, Ukuxilongwa, Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphakathi, Ukwelashwa Okungahlinzwa, Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha