Uhlelo lokusekela olumangalisayo emzimbeni wethu: Ake sifunde konke ngamathambo!

Wake wacabanga ngamathambo asemizimbeni yethu? Cishe uyawacabanga lapho ulimala endaweni ethile, noma lapho uwa useyingane futhi uphuka ingalo noma umlenze. Kodwa la mathambo empeleni ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi emangalisayo yemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma kabanzi ngala mathambo, umsebenzi wawo, nokuthi singawagcina kanjani ephilile.

Ayini ngempela la mathambo?

Kalula nje, amathambo akho ayinsika eyinhloko yomzimba wakho. Afana nohlaka olungaphakathi kwezindonga uma wakha indlu. Uma uke wabukela izinhlelo ze-TV mayelana nokwakha izindlu, cishe uke wazibona izinsika nemishayo ngaphakathi endlini. Yileyo ndlela amathambo ethu anjalo. Yilokhu okunikeza imizimba yethu isimo, kuyigcine iqonde, futhi kusisiza ukuthi sinyakaze, sigijime, sigxume, futhi senze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Zenziwe ngezicubu eziqinile kakhulu neziqinile.

Ungase ucabange ukuthi amathambo awaphili, ayinto enzima nje. Kodwa, ungamangali, amathambo ayizicubu eziphilayo, njengayo yonke imizimba yethu. Yebo, lokho kuyiqiniso. Uma nje sisaphila, lawa mathambo ayaqhubeka nokukhula, ukushintsha, nokuzivuselela. Eqinisweni, ahlala eguqulwa.

Uma uke uzwe ubuhlungu obungavamile obuvela ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho (ubuhlungu bethambo), bona udokotela. Futhi, uma ucabanga ukuthi ube nengozi waphuka ithambo, kungcono ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Iyiphi inkonzo enikezwa amathambo emizimbeni yethu?

Amathambo awasebenzi nje kuphela emizimbeni yethu, kodwa amaningi. Ake sibheke amanye abalulekile.

• Isekela umzimba: Amathambo ahlinzeka ngokuqina nokusekela imizimba yethu lapho sima, sihlala, futhi silala.
• Kusiza ngokunyakaza: Amathambo asiza kuzo zonke lezi zinto lapho sihamba, sigijima, futhi sishukumisa amalungu ethu. Kodwa akuwona amathambo kuphela ahilelekile, kodwa futhi yimisipha, imisipha, kanye nemisipha. Konke lokhu kusebenza ndawonye ukuze kusenze sinyakaze.
• Kuvikela izitho ezibalulekile: Cabanga ngobuchopho obusekhanda lethu. Buzwela kangakanani? Ubuchopho buvikelwe uhlelo lwamathambo olubizwa ngokuthi ugebhezi. Ngokufanayo, izitho ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo namaphaphu esifubeni sethu zivikelwe amathambo abizwa ngokuthi i-ribcage.
• I-Bone Marrow Igcina Futhi Ivikela: Ngaphakathi kwamathambo kukhona into ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-bone marrow. Ifana nezicubu ezithambile nezinamafutha. Kukulesi sicubu lapho kukhiqizwa khona izinhlobo zamaseli abalulekile emizimbeni yethu.
• Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu: Lawa yiwo athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke.
• Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Yilawa asivikela ngokulwa nezifo.
• Ama-Platelet: Lawa yiwo asiza ekulawuleni ukopha lapho kwenzeka.

Bheka, amathambo awazona nje izingcezu zomzimba, enza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka!

Aphi amathambo?

Lona umbuzo olula kakhulu. Amathambo akhona yonke indawo emizimbeni yethu. Kusukela ekhanda lethu kuya ezinzwaneni zethu!

Mangaki amathambo esinawo emzimbeni wethu?

Umzimba womuntu omdala uvame ukuba namathambo aphakathi kuka-206 no-213 . Kodwa ngokumangalisayo, umntwana osanda kuzalwa unamathambo angaba ngu-270! Kamuva, la mathambo amancane ayahlangana ukuze akhe uhlaka lwamathambo lomuntu omdala.

Abanye abantu bangase babe namathambo amaningi kancane kunabanye. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• Abanye abantu bangase babe nomehluko enanini lezimbambo esifubeni sabo.
• Kungase kube nomehluko omncane enanini lama-vertebrae emgogodleni.
• Umuntu onenani eliphansi kakhulu lezinombolo ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakhe naye unenani eliphansi lamathambo.

Ziyini izimo zamathambo? Zihlukaniswa kanjani?

Odokotela bavame ukuhlukanisa amathambo ngesimo nobukhulu bawo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.

Amathambo amade

Njengoba igama lisho, lawa amathambo amade kakhulu emzimbeni. Sinezinhlobo zamathambo ikakhulukazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yethu. Isibonelo, ithambo lethanga `(Femur)` (elisemlenzeni ongaphezulu), ithambo lengalo `(Humerus)` (elisengaloni engenhla). Futhi, amathambo amabili asemlenzeni ongezansi abizwa ngokuthi `(Tibia)` (ithambo lesifuba) kanye `(Fibula)` (ithambo lethole) nawo angamathambo amade.

Amathambo amafushane

Lawa mafushane kunamathambo amade futhi awanamandla kangako. Izibonelo zamathambo amafushane zifaka phakathi amathambo ezandleni nasezihlakaleni zethu, kanye nethambo le-talus emaqakaleni ethu.

Amathambo ayisicaba

Lawa mathambo abanzi futhi awayindilinga kangako kunamanye. Amathambo ayisicaba, njengamapuleti akha ugebhezi lwethu, izimbambo esifubeni sethu, kanye ne-clavicle ethanjeni lethu le-collarbone.

Amathambo e-sesamoid

Lawa akhethekile kancane. Lawa mathambo afakwe emathanjeni noma emisipheni. Awaxhumene njengamanye amathambo, kodwa afakwe ngqo ezicutshini. I-kneecap (i-patella) kanye namanye amathambo e-metacarpal esandleni kuyizibonelo ezinhle zala mathambo.

Amathambo enziwe ngani?

Amathambo akhiwa kakhulu ngamaseli namaprotheni. Ingqimba yangaphandle eqinile neqinile yethambo ibizwa ngokuthi i-cortex. Leyo yingxenye yethambo eqinile, efana negobolondo oyibona ezithombeni. Ngaphakathi kwale cortex kukhona ungqimba olubizwa ngokuthi i-cancellous bone, noma ithambo eliyi-spongy. Aliqinile njenge-cortex, liguquguquka kancane, futhi linamaqhubu njengesiponji. Umnkantsha wakho wethambo utholakala nakule ngxenye yethambo.

Amathambo ethu avuselela amangqamuzana awo kukho konke ukuphila kwethu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezikhethekile zamangqamuzana ezisiza ngalokhu: ama-osteoblast nama-osteoclast . Kalula nje, ama-osteoblast akha izicubu ezintsha zamathambo. Ama-osteoclast aphula izicubu ezindala zamathambo, ezonakele bese ezisusa, enze indlela yezicubu ezintsha, ezinempilo. Lokhu kufana nokulungiswa okuqhubekayo.

Yiziphi izifo ezivame ukuhlupha amathambo?

Izinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko ezithinta amathambo ukwaphuka kwamathambo kanye nezimo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-osteoporosis.

Ukuphuka Kwamathambo

Ukuphuka kwethambo igama lezokwelapha elisho ithambo eliphukile. Kalula nje, kuwukuphuka kwethambo. Ithambo lingaphuka ngokuwa, ingozi yemoto, noma enye ingozi ngenkathi udlala imidlalo.

Okubalulekile: Uma uke waba nengozi futhi ucabanga ukuthi unethambo eliphukile, hamba ngokushesha emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo (ETU) . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuphuka kuhlolwe futhi kwelashwe udokotela ngokushesha ukuze ithambo liphole kahle.

I-Osteoporosis

I-Osteoporosis yisifo lapho amathambo eba buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bane-osteoporosis kuphela ngemva kokuphuka kwethambo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile ayinazo izimpawu ezicacile.

Abesifazane nabantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-osteoporosis. Uma uwela kwelinye lala maqembu asengozini, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo. Kungabona i-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba ithambo liphuke.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha amathambo ezivamile?

Ngokuvamile, ngaphandle kokuthi ube nengozi, njengokuphuka kwethambo, noma utholakale unesifo esifana ne-osteoporosis, amathambo akho awadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

Ukwelashwa kokuphuka

Uma ithambo liphukile, ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yiliphi ithambo eliphukile nokuthi liphukile kanjani. Cishe kuzodingeka ugqoke i-splint noma i-cast ukuze ugcine ithambo eliphukile lisendaweni yalo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kumiswe ithambo futhi livunyelwe ukuthi liphole.

Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis

Okulandelayo kungasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwe-osteoporosis:

• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukuthatha izithasiselo zamavithamini namaminerali (ikakhulukazi i-calcium ne-vitamin D)
• Imithi enqunywe udokotela

I-Osteoporosis ingavinjelwa ngokuzivocavoca umzimba nangokuthatha izithasiselo zokudla ezidingekayo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kwakho kanye nempilo yamathambo akho.

Ngingawagcina kanjani amathambo ami ephilile?

Kubalulekile ukulandela uhlelo lokudla nokuzivocavoca oluhle empilweni yakho iyonke kanye nempilo yamathambo. Futhi, ngokuya kokuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha, ungasheshe ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga noma izimpawu ezithinta amathambo akho.

• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala, noma uma othile emndenini wakho ene-osteoporosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo.Ikakhulukazi faka ukudla okucebile nge-calcium kanye ne-vitamin D (ubisi, i-yogurt, ushizi, imifino eluhlaza, inhlanzi encane) ekudleni kwakho. Indawo engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-vitamin D kusekukhanyeni kwelanga kwasekuseni.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Ukuzivocavoca okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, nokuphakamisa izinsimbi kuqinisa amathambo.
• Gwema ukubhema futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Lokhu kubi empilweni yamathambo.

Futhi, landela lawa macebiso alula ukuze uzivikele ezingozini:

• Gqoka amabhande esihlalo njalo uma uhamba ngemoto.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele lapho udlala imidlalo neminye imisebenzi.
• Ungashiyi izinto zilele phansi ekhaya lakho noma endaweni yokusebenza ezingase ziwe. Zigcine zicocekile.
• Uma uthatha okuthile ophahleni, sebenzisa imishini efanele njalo (njengeladi). Ungalokothi ukhwele ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni.
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba noma usengozini enkulu yokuwa, sebenzisa izinduku zokusibekela noma i-walker.

Yiliphi ithambo elide nelinamandla emzimbeni?

Ithambo elide kunawo wonke emzimbeni wethu yi -femur (eliphezulu komlenze wakho). I-femur kumuntu omdala ivame ukuba ngamasentimitha angu-18 ubude.

Futhi, ithambo eliqine kakhulu emzimbeni yi-femur. Ingasekela cishe isisindo somzimba wakho esiphindwe izikhathi ezingu-30! Kunzima ukucabanga, akunjalo?

Yiliphi ithambo elincane kakhulu emzimbeni?

Amathambo amathathu amancane kakhulu emizimbeni yethu angaphakathi kwendlebe yakho. Abizwa ngokuthi ama-ossicles. Lawa mathambo amathathu amancane asisiza ukuzwa. Athwala ukudlidliza komsindo aye endlebeni engaphakathi. I-malleus (i-hammer), i-incus (i-anvil), kanye ne-stapes (i-stirrup) konke kungaphansi kwe-intshi ubude. Ama-stapes yiwona amancane kakhulu kulawa mathambo - ngokuvamile angaba yingxenye eyodwa kweziyishumi ze-intshi (amamilimitha angu-3.5) ubude.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphumule ekhaya, uhamba kancane, noma uziqeqesha umjaho we-marathon, amathambo akho yiwo asekela umzimba wakho futhi akugcine uhamba (noma akusize uhlale ungashukumi kusofa!). Kusukela ethanjeni elincane kakhulu endlebeni yakho kuya ethanjeni elide kakhulu emlenzeni wakho, wonke amathambo emzimbeni wakho abalulekile.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usuqonda kangcono amathambo.

Noma yini oyenzayo ukuze ulondoloze impilo yakho iyonke izosiza ekugcineni amathambo akho eqinile futhi enempilo.

Lokho kusho ukudla kahle, ukuzivocavoca, nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha. Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 noma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo. Uhlaka lwethu lwamathambo luyinto enhle kakhulu ezosivikela kukho konke ukuphila kwethu, ngakho-ke kungumthwalo wethu ukuwunakekela kahle. Uyakwazi?

Amathambo , amathambo, impilo yamathambo, i-osteoporosis, ukwaphuka kwamathambo, i-calcium, i-vitamin D