Ake sifunde konke mayelana ne-Glycogen - 'ibhange lamandla' emzimbeni wethu!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi amandla avelaphi uma sidla okuthile okufana nelayisi noma isinkwa? Futhi, wake wazibuza ukuthi siwathola kanjani amandla esiwadingayo ukuze sizivocavoce, sigijime, noma sigxume? Amandla esiwathola ekudleni esikudlayo agcinwa ndawana-thile emzimbeni wethu ukuze siwasebenzise kamuva. Kufana nokugcina ibhethri lefoni yethu lishajwe noma ukuba nethangi elengeziwe likaphethiloli emotweni yethu. Indlela eyinhloko umzimba wethu ogcina ngayo amandla ibizwa ngokuthi i-glycogen, esikhuluma ngayo namuhla.

Kuyini i-glycogen, ngokuhumusha okulula?

Kalula nje, i-glycogen uhlobo lwe-glucose egcinwe emizimbeni yethu. Cabanga ngale ndlela. Ama-carbohydrate esiwadlayo, njengelayisi, isinkwa, amazambane, amazambane amnandi, nezithelo, ayagaywa futhi aguqulwe abe ushukela olula obizwa ngokuthi i-glucose emizimbeni yethu. Lo glucose uwumthombo oyinhloko wamandla amangqamuzana omzimba wethu, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho. Njengoba nje imoto idinga uphethiloli ukuze isebenze, imizimba yethu idinga i-glucose ukuze isebenze.

Manje, ngemva kokudla, i-glucose eningi kunaleyo umzimba wethu oyidingayo ukuze uthole amandla ifakwa ngokushesha egazini. Ngakho esikhundleni sokumane silahle le glucose eyengeziwe, umzimba wethu uyayiqoqa ngobuhlakani, bese ubopha izinkulungwane zama-molecule amancane e-glucose ndawonye ukuze kwakheke i-molecule enkulu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-glycogen.

Le nqubo yenzeka ngosizo lwamaprotheni akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-enzyme.

• Inqubo yokwenza i-glycogen kusuka ku-glucose ibizwa ngokuthi i-Glycogenesis .
• Inqubo yokubhidliza i-glycogen egciniwe ukuze kudalwe i-glucose uma kudingeka ibizwa ngokuthi i-glycogenolysis .

Nakuba la magama amabili engase abonakale engokwesayensi kakhulu, khumbula nje ukuthi elinye lingelokugcina, kanti elinye lingelokuthola endaweni yokugcina.

I-glucose, i-glycogen, ne-glucagon: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto ezintathu?

Abantu abaningi bayadideka ngoba la magama amathathu azwakala efana. Kodwa-ke, lawa amathathu enza imisebenzi emithathu ehluke ngokuphelele. Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu.

Uyawuqonda umehluko? I-glucose ingamandla. I-Glycogen ingamandla agciniwe. I-Glucagon yi-hormone etshela umzimba ukuthi ukhulule amandla agciniwe. I-hormone esebenza ngokumelene nalokhu, okungukuthi, lapho ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka, uyasiza ukuwugcina njenge-glycogen, yi -insulin .

I-glycogen igcinwa kuphi emzimbeni?

Umzimba wethu ugcina lesi sitolo samandla esibalulekile ezindaweni ezimbili ikakhulukazi.

1. Isibindi: Isibindi sethu siyindawo yokugcina izinto enkulu. Ingxenye enkulu yesisindo sesibindi ingakhiwa yi-glycogen.

2. Imisipha Yamathambo: Imisipha emzimbeni wethu igcina i-glycogen eningi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi isisindo semisipha sikhulu kunesibindi, cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine kuphela ze-glycogen iyonke yomzimba egcinwa emisipheni.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko, inani elincane kakhulu le-glycogen ligcinwa nasezithweni zomzimba ezifana nobuchopho.

Inani le-glycogen emizimbeni yethu alihlali lifana usuku lonke. Liyashintsha. Kunezici eziningana ezithinta lokhu:

• Inani lama-carbohydrate owadlayo:Uma udla ukudla okucebile ngama-carbohydrate, izitolo zakho ze-glycogen ziyagcwala.
• Izikhala Zesikhathi Sokudla: Uma uhlala amahora amaningi ungadli, umzimba wakho uzosebenzisa lezi zitolo ukuthola amandla, okubangela ukuthi amazinga e-glycogen ehle. Ngokuvamile, ukuzila ukudla amahora angu-12-24 kuzoqeda izitolo ze-glycogen esibindini.
• Umthamo wokuzivocavoca kanye nokuqina: Uma uzivocavoca kanzima, ikakhulukazi ukuzivocavoca ngamandla aphezulu, i-glycogen emisipheni yakho iphela ngokushesha.

Kwenzekani ku-glycogen emzimbeni?

I-Glycogen egcinwe esibindini nasemisipheni yenza imisebenzi emibili ehlukene. Yomibili isebenza ngendlela yobugovu.

Umsebenzi wokugcina i-glycogen esibindini

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-glycogen yesibindi ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini ezinzile.

Ubuchopho bethu budinga ukuhlinzekwa njalo kwe-glucose. Uma iyancipha kancane, siqala ukuzizwa sididekile futhi sikhathazekile. Ngakho-ke, lapho siphakathi kokudla noma silele ebusuku, lapho kungekho glucose entsha egazini, amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ayehla.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-pancreas ethu akhiqiza i-hormone i-glucagon . Le hormone iya esibindini bese ithumela isignali, "Kulungile, manje hlukanisa i-glycogen egciniwe bese wenza i-glucose bese uyikhipha egazini." Isibindi bese senza i-glucose bese siyikhipha egazini. Leyo glucose ihamba ngegazi iye emzimbeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni, inikeza amandla adingekayo. Yingakho singahlala siphapheme amahora amaningi singadli.

Umsebenzi wezitolo ze-glycogen emisipheni

Izitolo ze-glycogen emisipheni zinobugovu kakhulu. Zisebenzisa leyo glycogen kuphela ukuze ziphe amandla kuleyo misipha. Aziyihlakazi ukuze zenze i-glucose bese ziyifaka egazini.

Uma sihamba, sigijima, noma siphakamisa izinsimbi, imisipha yethu idinga amandla amaningi ukuze yenze noma yikuphi ukunyakaza. Uma sizama ukuthola la mandla ku-glucose egazini, i-glucose egazini izophela ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ngakho-ke, imvelo idale ngokumangalisayo isitolo samandla ngaphakathi kwemisipha engazisebenzisa yona, okungukuthi izitolo ze-glycogen. Lapho nje siqala ukuzivocavoca, imisipha iyayiphula le glycogen ukuze ikhiqize amandla ewadingayo.

Cabanga ngomdlali wekhilikithi egijima phakathi kokugijima. Noma umsubathi egijima amamitha ayi-100. Phakathi nemisebenzi enamandla kangaka, imisipha idinga amandla amaningi ngokushesha. Yilapho-ke lezi zitolo ze-glycogen ziza khona ukusiza. Yingakho abasubathi betshelwa ukuthi badle ukudla okunama-carbohydrate amaningi (ukulayisha ama-carbohydrate) ngaphambi kwemincintiswano, ukuze bagcwalise lezi zitolo ze-glycogen ngokugcwele.

Kuyini iGlycogen Storage Disease (GSD)?

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esizuzwe njengefa. Sixoxe ngendlela imizimba yethu edinga ngayo izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-enzyme ukuze yenze i-glycogen futhi iyihlukanise ukuze yenze i-glucose. Kumuntu one-GSD, eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yala ma-enzyme awekho noma awesebenzi kahle.

Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba womuntu awukwazi ukwenza, ukugcina, noma ukuphula i-glycogen kahle uma kudingeka. Lokhu kungabangela ukulimala kwesibindi, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini aphansi ngendlela eyingozi (hypoglycemia). Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-GSD, kuye ngokuntuleka kwama-enzyme. Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu ziqala ukuvela ebuntwaneni.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuhlola amazinga e-glycogen?

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungalinganisa ngqo, "Ngina-glycogen engakanani emzimbeni wami?" Ngoba, njengoba sikhulume ngakho ngaphambili, lelo zinga lishintsha njalo phakathi nosuku, kuye ngokuthi sidlani nokuthi senzani.

Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu zakho zibonisa inkinga ngokusetshenziswa kwe-glycogen emzimbeni wakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo zokuhlola izimo ezifana ne-GSD.

Uma unokungabaza ngalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho bese ukhuluma ngakho.