Ulwazi Lwezempilo OlujwayelekileJulayi 16, 2026🔄 Updated: Jul 16, 2026⏱ 13 min

Wake wakwenza lokhu? Ake sifunde ukuthi kuyini ngempela ukuxhuzula!

Creator: Dr. Priya Sammani
Published: 2026-07-16T13:39:22.000Z

Dr. Priya Sammani, MBBS, PG Dip. FMMedical Verification

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibucayi, futhi abantu abaningi abangasijwayele kangako. Lokho ukuxhuzula, noma njengoba kubizwa ngesiNgisi, "i-Seizure". Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngakho, noma mhlawumbe uke wakubona. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini. Ngoba, uma into efana nalena yehlela othile, izokusiza hhayi nje ukumsiza, kodwa futhi nokugwema ukwesaba okungadingekile.

Kuyini ukuxhuzula? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, ukuxhuzula kuwukuqhuma okungazelelwe, okungavamile komsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bethu. Cabanga ngakho njengohlelo lwekhompyutha oluyinkimbinkimbi. Luqukethe izigidi zamaseli ezinzwa abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons. Lawa axhumana ngezibonakaliso ezincane zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile kukhona ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kulesi simiso sezibonakaliso zikagesi, noma uma kunomsebenzi kagesi omningi kakhulu, yilapho kwenzeka ukuxhuzula. Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngokuxhuzula, bacabanga ngesimo esibi lapho umzimba unyakaza khona bese ulahlekelwa ukwazi. Leso yisibonakaliso esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izixhuzula ezifanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angase ayeke lokho akwenzayo futhi abheke engenalutho isikhashana. Omunye umuntu angase abe nokuxhuzula noma ukuxhuzula ingalo noma umlenze, noma imisipha yakhe ingase ixhuzule. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuxhuzula okukodwa kuphela empilweni yabo. Abanye bangase babe nokuxhuzula okuningana ngosuku. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uxhuzula, kungase kuhluke kakhulu kulokho omunye umuntu anakho. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Ngoba kunezinto eziningi ezingaphazamisa amaphethini kagesi ajwayelekile ebuchosheni. Kungabangelwa yinoma yini kusukela ekushintsheni kwamazinga kashukela egazini kuya ekuguleni, engozini, noma esimweni sezokwelapha esingaphansi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxhuzula. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini. 1. Ukuxhuzula Okujwayelekile: Lokhu yilapho umsebenzi kagesi uqala khona kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umzimba wakho ungase uxhuzule kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho, uhlangothi olulodwa nje lungaxhuzula, noma ungase uyeke lokho obukwenza bese ubheka nje. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane noma kubantu abadala abasebasha, lesi simo singavela kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala. 2. Ukuxhuzula Okugxile: Lokhu yilapho umsebenzi kagesi uqala khona kolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho, noma endaweni ethile (`(focus)`). Izimpawu zivame ukuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba, futhi ungase uqaphe noma ungaqapheli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ukhumbule noma ungakhumbuli ukuxhuzula. Ukuxhuzula Okugxile ngezinye izikhathi kungaba okugxile noma kusakazeke kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho.

Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinhlobo zokuquleka okuvamile

Kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-generalized seizures. Ake sibheke nalokho futhi:

Ukuquleka Kokungabikho: Kulokhu, ngokuzumayo uyeka lokho obukwenza bese ubheka ungenalutho. Ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemizuzwana embalwa. Umuntu obukele ngaphandle angase angakuboni lokhu.
Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Atonic (Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Drop): Kulokhu, kuba nokulahlekelwa okungazelelwe kokulawula imisipha , okubangela ukuba umuntu awe phansi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Drop)`.
Ukuquleka Kwe-Clonic: Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa wokudlikiza kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Noma kungabangela umuzwa wokudlikiza ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ukuquleka kwe-Myoclonic: Lokhu kuwukugxumagxuma okungazelelwe kwemisipha eyodwa noma eminingana emzimbeni, njengokungathi ishaywe ugesi.
Ukuquleka Okujwayelekile Kwesibili: Kulokhu, ukuquleka okugxile (okusho ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi uqala engxenyeni eyodwa yobuchopho) kuqala, bese kuba ukuquleka okujwayelekile (okusho ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi usakazekela ezinhlangothini zombili zobuchopho).
Ukuquleka Kwemisipha Okufana Ne-Clonic: Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu abantu abaningi abalucabangayo lapho bezwa igama elithi " ukuquleka ." Imisipha iyaqina (tonic), ilahlekelwe ingqondo, bese umzimba uyagxumagxuma (clonic).
Ukuquleka Kwemisipha: Kulokhu, kukhona ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kanye nokuqina kwemisipha, kodwa akukho ukuquleka okwenzekayo.

Ake sifunde nangezinhlobo ze-focal seizures.

Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-focal seizures:
Ukuquleka Okuqaphelekayo (Ukuquleka Okungaphelele Okulula): Kulokhu, uyaqaphela ukuquleka futhi uyakwazi ukukukhumbula.
Ukuquleka Kokuqwashisa Okungaqapheli Ukuqwashisa (Ukuquleka Okungaphelele Okuyinkimbinkimbi): Kulolu hlobo lokuquleka, ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi uzizwe udidekile (`(ukudideka)`). Awunaso futhi isikhumbuzo sokuquleka.
Kuvamile kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
Ubuwazi ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-10% emhlabeni wonke babhekana nokuquleka okungenani kanye empilweni yabo? Lokho kusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kangako.
Ziyini izimpawu zokuxhuzula?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nobukhali bokuxhuzula. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala:
Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki kwezingxenye zomzimba (isb., ukudlikizela, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha , ukugxumagxuma).
Ebuka engenalutho.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izici zingabonakala:
Izinguquko ezingokomzwelo ezingazelelwe (isib., ukudideka, ukwesaba, injabulo, ukukhathazeka ).
I-toothpick .
Ukuvuza amathe.
Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile.
Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo noma amathumbu.
Ukwenza imisindo engavamile (isb., ukuhona).
Lezi zimpawu zingezesikhashana, ngokuvamile zihlala kusukela kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa.
Ingabe zikhona izigaba zokuxhuzula?
Yebo, ukuxhuzula kungaba nezigaba eziningana. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nakho konke. 1. Isigaba se-Prodrome: Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuxhuzula, ungase ubhekane nezinguquko esimweni sakho sengqondo noma ekuziphatheni, uzizwe udidekile, noma ube nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. Abanye abantu bangase babe nenkinga yokulala. 2. Isigaba se-Aura: Ngaphambi nje kokuba izimpawu zokuqala zokuxhuzula ziqale, ungase ubhekane nezinguquko embonweni wakho (ukukhanya okukhanyayo, umbono ophambene), ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka, kanye nezinguquko ezinzwa zakho (ukunambitha, ukuhogela, umsindo, ukuthinta). Lokhu kufana nesibonakaliso esincane esiyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba ukuxhuzula kuqale. 3. Isigaba se-Ictal: Yilapho ukuxhuzula kwenzeka khona ngempela. Lesi yisigaba lapho uhlangabezana khona nezimpawu zokuxhuzula. 4. Isigaba se-Postictal: Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela kokuxhuzula, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu, udidekile, ube nobuhlungu bomzimba, futhi ube nemizwa enamandla (njengokudabuka noma injabulo). Phakathi nalesi sigaba, umuntu angase alale kakhulu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nazo zonke lezi zigaba. Ikakhulukazi isigaba "se-Aura". Ngokuvamile, ukuxhuzula kuvela ngokuzumayo, futhi ungase ungezwa zimpawu eziyisixwayiso.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuquleka?
Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuquleka. Lezi zifana nesigaba "se-aura".
Izimpawu zemizwa: ukubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukuphazamiseka kokubona, imisindo engazelelwe, ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile (okuyinsimbi noma okubabayo) noma amaphunga , imizwa yesikhumba engavamile ( ukungazweli noma ukuqaqamba).
Izinguquko ezingokomzwelo: ukwesaba noma injabulo ngokuzumayo, i-deja vuIzinto ezifana nokuthi ``(jamais vu)`` (okuhlangenwe nakho okusha kuzwakala kujwayelekile ngandlela thile) noma ``(jamais vu)`` (okuhlangenwe nakho okujwayelekile kuzwakala kusha ngandlela thile).
Izimpawu zokuzimela: Lezi zithinta izinhlelo zomzimba ezilawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ubuchopho bethu. Isibonelo, ukujuluka, ukuvuza amathe , isisu esibuhlungu, kanye nesikhumba esikhanyayo.
Kodwa khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nalezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe yisifo sokuwa.
Kungani lokhu kuqubuka kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?
Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa ukuqhuma okungazelelwe komsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni. Amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu ayaxhumana ngokuthumela izimpawu zikagesi. Uma kwenzeka ukuxhuzula, amangqamuzana obuchopho athintekile aqala ukuthumela izimpawu kwamanye amangqamuzana endaweni ezungezile ngaphandle kokulawula. Lo msebenzi kagesi owedlulele ugcwalisa izindawo ezifanele zobuchopho, okuyikho okubangela izimpawu zokuxhuzula. Izimbangela zokuxhuzula zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko, ngokusekelwe ekutheni kungani zenzeka.
Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yisifo Sokuquleka (Akukho Ukuquleka): Lokhu kubangelwa yisifo esibangela ukuquleka. Okusho ukuthi, isimo sesikhashana noma izimo ezithile zingabangela izimpawu zokuquleka. Lokhu akubangelwa yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Epilepsy."
Ukuquleka Okungacasuliwe (Isifo Sokuquleka): Lokhu kuquleka kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kungavela njalo. Lezi zinhlobo zokuquleka ziyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko salesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Isifo Sokuquleka).`
Ukuquleka okungatholakali imbangela eqondile nakho kubizwa ngokuthi yi-idiopathic seizures .
Izinto Ezibangela Ukuquleka
Izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuba nesithuthwane. Siphinde sizibize ngokuthi "Izinto Ezibangela Ukwethuka".
Amazinga kashukela egazini angajwayelekile (ushukela wegazi ophansi noma ushukela wegazi ophezulu kakhulu).
Eminye imithi, isibonelo `(Wellbutrin®)` noma `(bupropion)`.
Izibani ezikhanyayo noma ezikhanyayo.
Isifo sokushisa.
Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
Ukungalali kahle.
Ukucindezeleka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (kufaka phakathi ukuyeka utshwala).
Lezi "Zibangeli" azifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Uma unesifo sokuwa njalo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukugcina irekhodi lalokho obukwenza ngaphambi kokuwa. Udokotela angabheka lolo lwazi futhi akusize uthole ukuthi yiziphi "Izibangeli" zakho.
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuquleka
Ezinye izimo eziningi zezokwelapha zingabangela ukuquleka. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:
Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yobuchopho.
Izimila zobuchopho.
Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni (i-cerebral hypoxia).
Isifo semithambo yegazi.
Isifo sikashukela.
Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda, ikakhulukazi lokho okuholela ekulahlekelweni yingqondo (Ukushaywa yikhanda okukhulu kanye nokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu).
Izifo ezenza ubuchopho bube buthaka kancane kancane, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's noma i-frontotemporal dementia.
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nokuquleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-Eclampsia).
Ukungalingani kosawoti womzimba, ikakhulukazi i-sodium ephansi (i-hyponatremia), i-calcium ephansi noma i-magnesium.
Isifo Sokuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile).
Izimo zofuzo.
Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona:
Izinguquko ezihlobene nama-hormone.
Ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi i-encephalitis, i-meningitis, noma i-sepsis.
Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yizimo zokuzivikela komzimba.
Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo (ezibizwa nangokuthi "ukuquleka kwengqondo"), isib. "ukuphazamiseka kokuguquka kwengqondo".
Izinkinga zokukhula kobuchopho (ukukhubazeka kobuchopho okubangelwa ukuzalwa).
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Izinto ezinobuthi (njengobuthi be-carbon monoxide noma ubuthi bensimbi esindayo).
Ukulunywa yizinyoka noma ukulunywa ezinye izilwane ezinobuthi.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
Noma ubani angaba nesifo sokuwa noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube sengozini enkulu kancane uma:
Uma unesinye isimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo.
Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nokuxhuzula (ithonya lezakhi zofuzo).
Uma ungumntwana (ongaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18).
Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuxhuzula?
Ngesikhathi sokuwa, ungase ulahlekelwe ingqondo bese uwe. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungase ulimale ngokuwa noma ngokuyeka ngokuzumayo lokho obukwenza (njengokushayela imoto, ukusebenzisa imishini, noma ukukhuphuka indawo ephakeme). Ngesikhathi sokuwa, izitho zakho zingase zishaye izinto eziqinile, okubangela ukusikeka, imihuzuko, noma amathambo aphukile. Isimo sokuwa yisifo se-epilepticus yisimo esenzeka lapho ukuwa kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu, noma lapho kwenzeka okunye ukuwa ngaphambi kokuba ululame ngokugcwele ekuwa okukodwa. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela ukuphila. Singabangela ukulimala kobuchopho noma ngisho nokufa.
Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokuquleka nempilo yengqondo?
Yebo, ukuxhuzula kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yengqondo. Kuvamile ukuzwa izimpawu ezifana nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka kanye nokuxhuzula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuxhuzula kungaphazamisa impilo yakho evamile. Kungakuvimbela ezintweni ozijabulelayo. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile futhi ukhathazekile ngokuba nokuxhuzula okunye. Ungase ulahlekelwe ubuthongo ebusuku uzibuza ukuthi okulandelayo kuzofika nini. Uma uxhuzula phambi kwabanye, ungase uzizwe unamahloni futhi ungase ungafuni ukuphuma noma ukuchitha isikhathi nabangani. Njengoba ukuxhuzula kuyinto engaphezu kwamandla akho, kuvamile ukuba nale mizwa. Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo angakusiza ukuthi uphathe umthelela okubangelwa ukuxhuzula enhlalakahleni yakho yemizwa.
Uyibona kanjani le nkinga ebizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
Udokotela wezinzwa ngokuvamile nguyena oxilonga ukuxhuzula. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa okuningana. Phakathi nalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nomlando wempilo yomndeni wakho. Kungaba usizo ukuletha umuntu owabona ukuxhuzula nawe kudokotela. Njengoba ungase ungakhumbuli okwenzekile, lowo muntu angachaza lokho okubonile.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?
Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unesifo sokuwa yini, futhi uma kunjalo, yini ebangela lokho. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuxilonga isifo sokuwa ukuthola indawo ethile ebuchosheni (`(focal point)`) lapho kuqala khona isifo sokuwa. Ukuthola indawo enjalo kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlele ukwelashwa. Ezinye zezivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ekuxilongeni isifo sokuwa zifaka:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
I-CT scan `(I-computer tomography (CT) scan)`.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)). Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo.
Ukuskena kwe-MRI `(I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI))`.
Ukuskena kwe-PET `(Ukuskena kwe-Positron emission tomography (PET))`.
Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza umgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar).
Uma kukhona okusolakalayo ukuthi ukuquleka kubangele ukulimala noma enye inkinga, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Udokotela uzokutshela (noma othile okuthathela izinqumo zezokwelapha) ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezinconywayo nokuthi kungani zenziwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isithuthwane?
Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo, ubukhali, kanye nembangela yokuxhuzula. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinto ezifana nalezi:
Ukuphatha izimbangela noma izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo: Udokotela uzoqala azame ukwelapha noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezibangela ukuxhuzula (isb., isifo sohlangothi, ushukela wegazi ophansi). Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuxhuzula esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuthatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka:Le mithi isiza ukuvimbela ukuquleka noma ukunciphisa ukuvama kwako.
Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokwelapha indawo yobuchopho (``indawo egxile``) lapho kuqala khona ukuquleka, ukuhlinzwa kunganciphisa ukuvama kanye nobukhali bokuquleka.
Ukuvuselela ubuchopho: Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka idivayisi ebuchosheni bese eletha ugesi omncane ngayo. Lo gesi uphazamisa ukusebenza kukagesi okungavamile kobuchopho futhi uzama ukuwumisa. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zalokhu, isibonelo, `(ukuvuselela imizwa ye-vagus)`.
Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, udokotela wakho angase ancome izinguquko ekudleni kwakho. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukudla okunama-carbohydrate aphansi noma okungenawo ama-carbohydrate (`(ketogenic diet)`) kunganciphisa ukuvama kokuquleka. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lusaqhubeka ngalokhu.
Imithi yokuquleka
Imithi ingasiza ekuphatheni ukuxhuzula ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
Misa ukuxhuzula ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela.
Vimbela ukuquleka kwesikhathi esizayo.
Nciphisa ubunzima bokuxhuzula.
Nciphisa ukuvama kokuxhuzula.
Eminye yemithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokwelapha isifo sofuba yile:
`Benzodiazepine`
`I-Carbamazepine`
`I-Diazepam`
`Gabapentin`
`I-Lamotrigine`
`I-Oxcarbazepine`
`I-Phenytoin`
`I-Pregabalin`
`I-Valproic acid`
Ngemva kokuqala umuthi omusha, udokotela wakho uvame ukukubona ukuze athole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ukuze abone ukuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthola umuthi ofanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Njalo thatha umuthi wakho njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Ungayeki ukuwuthatha noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-33% abathatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka bayayeka ngokuphelele ukuba nokuquleka. Abanye abangu-33% bathi ukuquleka kwabo akuvamile ngemva kokuthatha le mithi.
Ingabe ukuquleka kungavinjelwa?
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuxhuzula akubikezeleki, akunakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema izinto ezingabangela ukuxhuzula, noma "Izinto Ezibangela." Isibonelo, ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, nokuzivikela ekuguleni nasekulimaleni.
Yini ongayilindela uma unesifo sokuwa? Siyini isimo sengqondo?
Abantu abangaphansi kwengxenye abaye baba nokuquleka okungavuswanga bazoba nokuquleka okunye. Uma kwenzeka ukuquleka kwesibili, odokotela bangase batuse ukuqala imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka. Uma kwenzeka ukuquleka okuvuselelwe, ingozi yokuba nokuquleka okunye incike ekutheni yini ebangele ukuquleka kokuqala. Uma imbangela ingelashwa, ingozi yokuba nokuquleka okunye iphansi (ngaphandle kokuthi isimo esibangele ukuquleka kokuqala siphinde sibuye). Imithi ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuquleka noma ukunciphisa ukuquleka kaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuzama imithi eminingana (noma inhlanganisela yemithi) ukuthola okusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, kungaba nzima ukulawula ukuquleka ngemithi yodwa. Kuleso simo, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa, ukudla okukhethekile, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Uma uquleka njalo, udokotela wakho angakusiza uhlale uphephile. Ungagqoka noma uphathe isongo noma ikhadi le-ID yezokwelapha ukuze abanye bazi ukuthi benzeni uma uquleka.
Ukuxhuzula kungahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Izimpawu zokuquleka zivame ukuhlala kusukela kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa, isikhathi esiphezulu singaba yimizuzu eyi-15. Uma kuvela ukuquleka okuningi kulandelana (lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha), izimpawu zingase zihlale isikhathi eside.
Iyini inhloso yokuxhuzula?
Ngenxa yokuthi ulwazi lomuntu wonke lokuquleka luhlukile, indlela obheka ngayo izinto ingahluka kakhulu. Indlela obheka ngayo izinto ingancika ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa:
Usuthole isizathu?
Ingabe leso sizathu singalawulwa noma selashwe?
Hlobo luni lokubanjwa yisifo?
Ukuxhuzula kwakukubi kangakanani futhi kwahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ingabe lokhu kuqubuka kwakho kokuqala?
Ingabe unesifo esithile esiyisisekelo esibangela ukuquleka?
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukuphatha lolu hlobo lokuquleka?
Udokotela wakho unolwazi lwakamuva kakhulu ngalokho ongakulindela. Uma unemibuzo, mbuze.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unesithuthwane okokuqala empilweni yakho, noma uma ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi ungayazi imbangela, kufanele nakanjani uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. Uma uwedwa futhi ucabanga ukuthi unesithuthwane okokuqala, kufanele ubonane noma ukhulume nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma uke waba nesithuthwane ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukuqaphela esinye. Uma unesithuthwane sesibili, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.Ukuquleka kubangela izinguquko ebuchosheni bakho, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ube nokuquleka okwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthola ukuthi unesifo sokuquleka futhi welashwe kusenesikhathi. Kumuntu oquleka njalo, kungase kungadingeki ukuthi ashayele i-ambulensi ngemva kokuquleka. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe uyazi ukuthi kungani ube nokuquleka, kungenzeka ukuthi ulimele kakhulu okudinga usizo lwezokwelapha.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?
Uma unesifo sokuwa, ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:
Kungani ngibe nalesi sifo sokuwa?
Ngingazigwema kanjani `(Izinto Ezibangela)`?
Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulolo hlobo lokwelashwa?
Ingabe ngizophinde ngibe nesifo sokuwa?
Ngingazivikela kanjani?
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula ezithinta izingane?
Izingane zingaba nesifo sokuwa. Izimbangela ezifanayo zokuwa kubantu abadala zivame ukuthinta izingane. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuwa kanye nezinkinga zokuwa ezibonakala ebuntwaneni yilezi:
Ukuquleka kokungabikho (isithuthwane sokungabikho ebuntwaneni).
Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni.
Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa yi-Fbrile (ukuxhuzula okwenzeka lapho umkhuhlane ukhula).
Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha yengane.
Isifo sokuwa kwe-myoclonic sabantwana.
I-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Ukuquleka kwe-Tonic-clonic.
Ingabe kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma nginesifo sokuwa?
Yebo, ungaba nokukhulelwa okuphephile uma unesifo sokuwa. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze aqaphe impilo yakho neyengane yakho. Eminye imithi yokuvimbela ukuwa ayiphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzoncoma imithi ehlukile ephephile ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye. Ukuwa kungase kubonakale njengezehlakalo ezimangalisayo ozibona ku-TV noma kuma-movie, kodwa kungaba yinto wena noma othandekayo wakho enihlangabezana nayo nsuku zonke noma kaningi. Akujabulisi ukuyibona futhi kwesabisa kakhulu ukuyibuka. Ungase uzizwe ungaphilile kahle ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokuwa, futhi kungathatha isikhathi ukululama. Ngisho noma ukuwa kwakho kungaphezu kwamandla akho, udokotela angakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa izindlela zokuphatha isimo sakho esiyisisekelo, noma ukuhlonza nokugwema izimbangela. Imithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama kokuwa, futhi ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela uma unesifo sokuwa, noma ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani wena noma othandekayo wakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela.
Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya
Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu ngesifo sokuwa namuhla. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:
Ukuquleka kuwumsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni. Akuzona zonke iziquleka ezifanayo, futhi izimpawu ziyahlukahluka.
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi. Ezinye zingezesikhashana, kanti ezinye zibangelwa yizimo zezempilo eziyisisekelo.
Uma unesifo sokuwa noma ulahlekelwa ingqondo okokuqala, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Uma unesifo sokuwa njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa nokuphathwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi yakho ngendlela efanele.
Thola `(Izinto Ezibangela)` bese uzama ukuzigwema.
Awuwedwa. Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile ngalesi simo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ngaso.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!
Ukuquleka , Ikhanda Elibuhlungu, Izifo Zobuchopho, Izifo Zezinzwa, Izimpawu Zokuquleka, Ukwelashwa Kokuquleka

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Ulwazi Lwezempilo OlujwayelekileJulayi 16, 2026
Wake wakwenza lokhu? Ake sifunde ukuthi kuyini ngempela ukuxhuzula!
Dr. Priya SammaniMedical Verification
⏱ 13 min read
📋Table of Contents
1. Kuyini ukuxhuzula? Ake sikuqonde kalula.
2. Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula?
3. Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinhlobo zokuquleka okuvamile
4. Ake sifunde nangezinhlobo ze-focal seizures.
5. Kuvamile kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
6. Ziyini izimpawu zokuxhuzula?
7. Ingabe zikhona izigaba zokuxhuzula?
8. Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuquleka?
9. Kungani lokhu kuqubuka kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?
10. Izinto Ezibangela Ukuquleka
11. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuquleka
12. Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
13. Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuxhuzula?
14. Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokuquleka nempilo yengqondo?
15. Uyibona kanjani le nkinga ebizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
16. Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?
17. Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isithuthwane?
18. Imithi yokuquleka
19. Ingabe ukuquleka kungavinjelwa?
20. Yini ongayilindela uma unesifo sokuwa? Siyini isimo sengqondo?
21. Ukuxhuzula kungahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
22. Iyini inhloso yokuxhuzula?
23. Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
24. Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?
25. Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula ezithinta izingane?
26. Ingabe kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma nginesifo sokuwa?
27. Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya
Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibucayi, futhi abantu abaningi abangasijwayele kangako. Lokho ukuxhuzula, noma njengoba kubizwa ngesiNgisi, "i-Seizure". Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngakho, noma mhlawumbe uke wakubona. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini. Ngoba, uma into efana nalena yehlela othile, izokusiza hhayi nje ukumsiza, kodwa futhi nokugwema ukwesaba okungadingekile.
Kuyini ukuxhuzula? Ake sikuqonde kalula.
Kalula nje, ukuxhuzula kuwukuqhuma okungazelelwe, okungavamile komsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni bethu. Cabanga ngakho njengohlelo lwekhompyutha oluyinkimbinkimbi. Luqukethe izigidi zamaseli ezinzwa abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurons. Lawa axhumana ngezibonakaliso ezincane zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile kukhona ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kulesi simiso sezibonakaliso zikagesi, noma uma kunomsebenzi kagesi omningi kakhulu, yilapho kwenzeka ukuxhuzula. Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngokuxhuzula, bacabanga ngesimo esibi lapho umzimba unyakaza khona bese ulahlekelwa ukwazi. Leso yisibonakaliso esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izixhuzula ezifanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu angase ayeke lokho akwenzayo futhi abheke engenalutho isikhashana. Omunye umuntu angase abe nokuxhuzula noma ukuxhuzula ingalo noma umlenze, noma imisipha yakhe ingase ixhuzule. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuxhuzula okukodwa kuphela empilweni yabo. Abanye bangase babe nokuxhuzula okuningana ngosuku. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uxhuzula, kungase kuhluke kakhulu kulokho omunye umuntu anakho. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Ngoba kunezinto eziningi ezingaphazamisa amaphethini kagesi ajwayelekile ebuchosheni. Kungabangelwa yinoma yini kusukela ekushintsheni kwamazinga kashukela egazini kuya ekuguleni, engozini, noma esimweni sezokwelapha esingaphansi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuxhuzula. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini. 1. Ukuxhuzula Okujwayelekile: Lokhu yilapho umsebenzi kagesi uqala khona kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ngesikhathi esisodwa. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umzimba wakho ungase uxhuzule kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho, uhlangothi olulodwa nje lungaxhuzula, noma ungase uyeke lokho obukwenza bese ubheka nje. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane noma kubantu abadala abasebasha, lesi simo singavela kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala. 2. Ukuxhuzula Okugxile: Lokhu yilapho umsebenzi kagesi uqala khona kolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho, noma endaweni ethile (`(focus)`). Izimpawu zivame ukuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba, futhi ungase uqaphe noma ungaqapheli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ukhumbule noma ungakhumbuli ukuxhuzula. Ukuxhuzula Okugxile ngezinye izikhathi kungaba okugxile noma kusakazeke kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho.
Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinhlobo zokuquleka okuvamile
Kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-generalized seizures. Ake sibheke nalokho futhi:
Ukuquleka Kokungabikho: Kulokhu, ngokuzumayo uyeka lokho obukwenza bese ubheka ungenalutho. Ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemizuzwana embalwa. Umuntu obukele ngaphandle angase angakuboni lokhu.
Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Atonic (Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Drop): Kulokhu, kuba nokulahlekelwa okungazelelwe kokulawula imisipha , okubangela ukuba umuntu awe phansi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yi-Drop)`.
Ukuquleka Kwe-Clonic: Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa wokudlikiza kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba kanye nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Noma kungabangela umuzwa wokudlikiza ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ukuquleka kwe-Myoclonic: Lokhu kuwukugxumagxuma okungazelelwe kwemisipha eyodwa noma eminingana emzimbeni, njengokungathi ishaywe ugesi.
Ukuquleka Okujwayelekile Kwesibili: Kulokhu, ukuquleka okugxile (okusho ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi uqala engxenyeni eyodwa yobuchopho) kuqala, bese kuba ukuquleka okujwayelekile (okusho ukuthi umsebenzi kagesi usakazekela ezinhlangothini zombili zobuchopho).
Ukuquleka Kwemisipha Okufana Ne-Clonic: Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu abantu abaningi abalucabangayo lapho bezwa igama elithi " ukuquleka ." Imisipha iyaqina (tonic), ilahlekelwe ingqondo, bese umzimba uyagxumagxuma (clonic).
Ukuquleka Kwemisipha: Kulokhu, kukhona ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kanye nokuqina kwemisipha, kodwa akukho ukuquleka okwenzekayo.
Ake sifunde nangezinhlobo ze-focal seizures.
Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-focal seizures:
Ukuquleka Okuqaphelekayo (Ukuquleka Okungaphelele Okulula): Kulokhu, uyaqaphela ukuquleka futhi uyakwazi ukukukhumbula.
Ukuquleka Kokuqwashisa Okungaqapheli Ukuqwashisa (Ukuquleka Okungaphelele Okuyinkimbinkimbi): Kulolu hlobo lokuquleka, ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi uzizwe udidekile (`(ukudideka)`). Awunaso futhi isikhumbuzo sokuquleka.
Kuvamile kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
Ubuwazi ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-10% emhlabeni wonke babhekana nokuquleka okungenani kanye empilweni yabo? Lokho kusho ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kangako.
Ziyini izimpawu zokuxhuzula?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nobukhali bokuxhuzula. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala:
Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki kwezingxenye zomzimba (isb., ukudlikizela, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha , ukugxumagxuma).
Ebuka engenalutho.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izici zingabonakala:
Izinguquko ezingokomzwelo ezingazelelwe (isib., ukudideka, ukwesaba, injabulo, ukukhathazeka ).
I-toothpick .
Ukuvuza amathe.
Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile.
Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo noma amathumbu.
Ukwenza imisindo engavamile (isb., ukuhona).
Lezi zimpawu zingezesikhashana, ngokuvamile zihlala kusukela kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa.
Ingabe zikhona izigaba zokuxhuzula?
Yebo, ukuxhuzula kungaba nezigaba eziningana. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nakho konke. 1. Isigaba se-Prodrome: Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuxhuzula, ungase ubhekane nezinguquko esimweni sakho sengqondo noma ekuziphatheni, uzizwe udidekile, noma ube nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. Abanye abantu bangase babe nenkinga yokulala. 2. Isigaba se-Aura: Ngaphambi nje kokuba izimpawu zokuqala zokuxhuzula ziqale, ungase ubhekane nezinguquko embonweni wakho (ukukhanya okukhanyayo, umbono ophambene), ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka, kanye nezinguquko ezinzwa zakho (ukunambitha, ukuhogela, umsindo, ukuthinta). Lokhu kufana nesibonakaliso esincane esiyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba ukuxhuzula kuqale. 3. Isigaba se-Ictal: Yilapho ukuxhuzula kwenzeka khona ngempela. Lesi yisigaba lapho uhlangabezana khona nezimpawu zokuxhuzula. 4. Isigaba se-Postictal: Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela kokuxhuzula, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu, udidekile, ube nobuhlungu bomzimba, futhi ube nemizwa enamandla (njengokudabuka noma injabulo). Phakathi nalesi sigaba, umuntu angase alale kakhulu.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nazo zonke lezi zigaba. Ikakhulukazi isigaba "se-Aura". Ngokuvamile, ukuxhuzula kuvela ngokuzumayo, futhi ungase ungezwa zimpawu eziyisixwayiso.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuquleka?
Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuquleka. Lezi zifana nesigaba "se-aura".
Izimpawu zemizwa: ukubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukuphazamiseka kokubona, imisindo engazelelwe, ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile (okuyinsimbi noma okubabayo) noma amaphunga , imizwa yesikhumba engavamile ( ukungazweli noma ukuqaqamba).
Izinguquko ezingokomzwelo: ukwesaba noma injabulo ngokuzumayo, i-deja vuIzinto ezifana nokuthi ``(jamais vu)`` (okuhlangenwe nakho okusha kuzwakala kujwayelekile ngandlela thile) noma ``(jamais vu)`` (okuhlangenwe nakho okujwayelekile kuzwakala kusha ngandlela thile).
Izimpawu zokuzimela: Lezi zithinta izinhlelo zomzimba ezilawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ubuchopho bethu. Isibonelo, ukujuluka, ukuvuza amathe , isisu esibuhlungu, kanye nesikhumba esikhanyayo.
Kodwa khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nalezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba ahlaselwe yisifo sokuwa.
Kungani lokhu kuqubuka kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?
Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, ukuxhuzula kubangelwa ukuqhuma okungazelelwe komsebenzi kagesi ebuchosheni. Amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu ayaxhumana ngokuthumela izimpawu zikagesi. Uma kwenzeka ukuxhuzula, amangqamuzana obuchopho athintekile aqala ukuthumela izimpawu kwamanye amangqamuzana endaweni ezungezile ngaphandle kokulawula. Lo msebenzi kagesi owedlulele ugcwalisa izindawo ezifanele zobuchopho, okuyikho okubangela izimpawu zokuxhuzula. Izimbangela zokuxhuzula zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko, ngokusekelwe ekutheni kungani zenzeka.
Ukuquleka Okubangelwa Yisifo Sokuquleka (Akukho Ukuquleka): Lokhu kubangelwa yisifo esibangela ukuquleka. Okusho ukuthi, isimo sesikhashana noma izimo ezithile zingabangela izimpawu zokuquleka. Lokhu akubangelwa yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Epilepsy."
Ukuquleka Okungacasuliwe (Isifo Sokuquleka): Lokhu kuquleka kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kungavela njalo. Lezi zinhlobo zokuquleka ziyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko salesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Isifo Sokuquleka).`
Ukuquleka okungatholakali imbangela eqondile nakho kubizwa ngokuthi yi-idiopathic seizures .
Izinto Ezibangela Ukuquleka
Izinto ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuba nesithuthwane. Siphinde sizibize ngokuthi "Izinto Ezibangela Ukwethuka".
Amazinga kashukela egazini angajwayelekile (ushukela wegazi ophansi noma ushukela wegazi ophezulu kakhulu).
Eminye imithi, isibonelo `(Wellbutrin®)` noma `(bupropion)`.
Izibani ezikhanyayo noma ezikhanyayo.
Isifo sokushisa.
Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
Ukungalali kahle.
Ukucindezeleka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (kufaka phakathi ukuyeka utshwala).
Lezi "Zibangeli" azifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Uma unesifo sokuwa njalo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukugcina irekhodi lalokho obukwenza ngaphambi kokuwa. Udokotela angabheka lolo lwazi futhi akusize uthole ukuthi yiziphi "Izibangeli" zakho.
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukuquleka
Ezinye izimo eziningi zezokwelapha zingabangela ukuquleka. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:
Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yobuchopho.
Izimila zobuchopho.
Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni (i-cerebral hypoxia).
Isifo semithambo yegazi.
Isifo sikashukela.
Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda, ikakhulukazi lokho okuholela ekulahlekelweni yingqondo (Ukushaywa yikhanda okukhulu kanye nokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu).
Izifo ezenza ubuchopho bube buthaka kancane kancane, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's noma i-frontotemporal dementia.
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nokuquleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-Eclampsia).
Ukungalingani kosawoti womzimba, ikakhulukazi i-sodium ephansi (i-hyponatremia), i-calcium ephansi noma i-magnesium.
Isifo Sokuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile).
Izimo zofuzo.
Ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona:
Izinguquko ezihlobene nama-hormone.
Ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi i-encephalitis, i-meningitis, noma i-sepsis.
Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yizimo zokuzivikela komzimba.
Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo (ezibizwa nangokuthi "ukuquleka kwengqondo"), isib. "ukuphazamiseka kokuguquka kwengqondo".
Izinkinga zokukhula kobuchopho (ukukhubazeka kobuchopho okubangelwa ukuzalwa).
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Izinto ezinobuthi (njengobuthi be-carbon monoxide noma ubuthi bensimbi esindayo).
Ukulunywa yizinyoka noma ukulunywa ezinye izilwane ezinobuthi.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nesithuthwane?
Noma ubani angaba nesifo sokuwa noma ngabe uneminyaka emingaki. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube sengozini enkulu kancane uma:
Uma unesinye isimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo.
Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nokuxhuzula (ithonya lezakhi zofuzo).
Uma ungumntwana (ongaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18).
Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuxhuzula?
Ngesikhathi sokuwa, ungase ulahlekelwe ingqondo bese uwe. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungase ulimale ngokuwa noma ngokuyeka ngokuzumayo lokho obukwenza (njengokushayela imoto, ukusebenzisa imishini, noma ukukhuphuka indawo ephakeme). Ngesikhathi sokuwa, izitho zakho zingase zishaye izinto eziqinile, okubangela ukusikeka, imihuzuko, noma amathambo aphukile. Isimo sokuwa yisifo se-epilepticus yisimo esenzeka lapho ukuwa kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu, noma lapho kwenzeka okunye ukuwa ngaphambi kokuba ululame ngokugcwele ekuwa okukodwa. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela ukuphila. Singabangela ukulimala kobuchopho noma ngisho nokufa.
Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokuquleka nempilo yengqondo?
Yebo, ukuxhuzula kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho yengqondo. Kuvamile ukuzwa izimpawu ezifana nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka kanye nokuxhuzula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuxhuzula kungaphazamisa impilo yakho evamile. Kungakuvimbela ezintweni ozijabulelayo. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile futhi ukhathazekile ngokuba nokuxhuzula okunye. Ungase ulahlekelwe ubuthongo ebusuku uzibuza ukuthi okulandelayo kuzofika nini. Uma uxhuzula phambi kwabanye, ungase uzizwe unamahloni futhi ungase ungafuni ukuphuma noma ukuchitha isikhathi nabangani. Njengoba ukuxhuzula kuyinto engaphezu kwamandla akho, kuvamile ukuba nale mizwa. Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo angakusiza ukuthi uphathe umthelela okubangelwa ukuxhuzula enhlalakahleni yakho yemizwa.
Uyibona kanjani le nkinga ebizwa ngokuthi ukuxhuzula?
Udokotela wezinzwa ngokuvamile nguyena oxilonga ukuxhuzula. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa, kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa okuningana. Phakathi nalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kanye nomlando wempilo yomndeni wakho. Kungaba usizo ukuletha umuntu owabona ukuxhuzula nawe kudokotela. Njengoba ungase ungakhumbuli okwenzekile, lowo muntu angachaza lokho okubonile.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?
Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unesifo sokuwa yini, futhi uma kunjalo, yini ebangela lokho. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuxilonga isifo sokuwa ukuthola indawo ethile ebuchosheni (`(focal point)`) lapho kuqala khona isifo sokuwa. Ukuthola indawo enjalo kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlele ukwelashwa. Ezinye zezivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ekuxilongeni isifo sokuwa zifaka:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
I-CT scan `(I-computer tomography (CT) scan)`.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)). Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo.
Ukuskena kwe-MRI `(I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI))`.
Ukuskena kwe-PET `(Ukuskena kwe-Positron emission tomography (PET))`.
Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza umgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar).
Uma kukhona okusolakalayo ukuthi ukuquleka kubangele ukulimala noma enye inkinga, odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Udokotela uzokutshela (noma othile okuthathela izinqumo zezokwelapha) ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezinconywayo nokuthi kungani zenziwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isithuthwane?
Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo, ubukhali, kanye nembangela yokuxhuzula. Udokotela wakho angase ancome izinto ezifana nalezi:
Ukuphatha izimbangela noma izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo: Udokotela uzoqala azame ukwelapha noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezibangela ukuxhuzula (isb., isifo sohlangothi, ushukela wegazi ophansi). Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuxhuzula esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuthatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka:Le mithi isiza ukuvimbela ukuquleka noma ukunciphisa ukuvama kwako.
Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokwelapha indawo yobuchopho (``indawo egxile``) lapho kuqala khona ukuquleka, ukuhlinzwa kunganciphisa ukuvama kanye nobukhali bokuquleka.
Ukuvuselela ubuchopho: Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka idivayisi ebuchosheni bese eletha ugesi omncane ngayo. Lo gesi uphazamisa ukusebenza kukagesi okungavamile kobuchopho futhi uzama ukuwumisa. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zalokhu, isibonelo, `(ukuvuselela imizwa ye-vagus)`.
Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi, udokotela wakho angase ancome izinguquko ekudleni kwakho. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi ukudla okunama-carbohydrate aphansi noma okungenawo ama-carbohydrate (`(ketogenic diet)`) kunganciphisa ukuvama kokuquleka. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lusaqhubeka ngalokhu.
Imithi yokuquleka
Imithi ingasiza ekuphatheni ukuxhuzula ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
Misa ukuxhuzula ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela.
Vimbela ukuquleka kwesikhathi esizayo.
Nciphisa ubunzima bokuxhuzula.
Nciphisa ukuvama kokuxhuzula.
Eminye yemithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokwelapha isifo sofuba yile:
`Benzodiazepine`
`I-Carbamazepine`
`I-Diazepam`
`Gabapentin`
`I-Lamotrigine`
`I-Oxcarbazepine`
`I-Phenytoin`
`I-Pregabalin`
`I-Valproic acid`
Ngemva kokuqala umuthi omusha, udokotela wakho uvame ukukubona ukuze athole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ukuze abone ukuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthola umuthi ofanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Njalo thatha umuthi wakho njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile. Ungayeki ukuwuthatha noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-33% abathatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka bayayeka ngokuphelele ukuba nokuquleka. Abanye abangu-33% bathi ukuquleka kwabo akuvamile ngemva kokuthatha le mithi.
Ingabe ukuquleka kungavinjelwa?
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuxhuzula akubikezeleki, akunakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema izinto ezingabangela ukuxhuzula, noma "Izinto Ezibangela." Isibonelo, ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, nokuzivikela ekuguleni nasekulimaleni.
Yini ongayilindela uma unesifo sokuwa? Siyini isimo sengqondo?
Abantu abangaphansi kwengxenye abaye baba nokuquleka okungavuswanga bazoba nokuquleka okunye. Uma kwenzeka ukuquleka kwesibili, odokotela bangase batuse ukuqala imithi yokuvimbela ukuquleka. Uma kwenzeka ukuquleka okuvuselelwe, ingozi yokuba nokuquleka okunye incike ekutheni yini ebangele ukuquleka kokuqala. Uma imbangela ingelashwa, ingozi yokuba nokuquleka okunye iphansi (ngaphandle kokuthi isimo esibangele ukuquleka kokuqala siphinde sibuye). Imithi ingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuquleka noma ukunciphisa ukuquleka kaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuzama imithi eminingana (noma inhlanganisela yemithi) ukuthola okusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, kungaba nzima ukulawula ukuquleka ngemithi yodwa. Kuleso simo, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa, ukudla okukhethekile, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Uma uquleka njalo, udokotela wakho angakusiza uhlale uphephile. Ungagqoka noma uphathe isongo noma ikhadi le-ID yezokwelapha ukuze abanye bazi ukuthi benzeni uma uquleka.
Ukuxhuzula kungahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Izimpawu zokuquleka zivame ukuhlala kusukela kumasekhondi ambalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa, isikhathi esiphezulu singaba yimizuzu eyi-15. Uma kuvela ukuquleka okuningi kulandelana (lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha), izimpawu zingase zihlale isikhathi eside.
Iyini inhloso yokuxhuzula?
Ngenxa yokuthi ulwazi lomuntu wonke lokuquleka luhlukile, indlela obheka ngayo izinto ingahluka kakhulu. Indlela obheka ngayo izinto ingancika ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa:
Usuthole isizathu?
Ingabe leso sizathu singalawulwa noma selashwe?
Hlobo luni lokubanjwa yisifo?
Ukuxhuzula kwakukubi kangakanani futhi kwahlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ingabe lokhu kuqubuka kwakho kokuqala?
Ingabe unesifo esithile esiyisisekelo esibangela ukuquleka?
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukuphatha lolu hlobo lokuquleka?
Udokotela wakho unolwazi lwakamuva kakhulu ngalokho ongakulindela. Uma unemibuzo, mbuze.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unesithuthwane okokuqala empilweni yakho, noma uma ulahlekelwa ingqondo futhi ungayazi imbangela, kufanele nakanjani uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. Uma uwedwa futhi ucabanga ukuthi unesithuthwane okokuqala, kufanele ubonane noma ukhulume nodokotela ngokushesha. Uma uke waba nesithuthwane ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukuqaphela esinye. Uma unesithuthwane sesibili, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.Ukuquleka kubangela izinguquko ebuchosheni bakho, okwenza kube lula ukuthi ube nokuquleka okwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthola ukuthi unesifo sokuquleka futhi welashwe kusenesikhathi. Kumuntu oquleka njalo, kungase kungadingeki ukuthi ashayele i-ambulensi ngemva kokuquleka. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe uyazi ukuthi kungani ube nokuquleka, kungenzeka ukuthi ulimele kakhulu okudinga usizo lwezokwelapha.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?
Uma unesifo sokuwa, ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:
Kungani ngibe nalesi sifo sokuwa?
Ngingazigwema kanjani `(Izinto Ezibangela)`?
Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulolo hlobo lokwelashwa?
Ingabe ngizophinde ngibe nesifo sokuwa?
Ngingazivikela kanjani?
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuxhuzula ezithinta izingane?
Izingane zingaba nesifo sokuwa. Izimbangela ezifanayo zokuwa kubantu abadala zivame ukuthinta izingane. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuwa kanye nezinkinga zokuwa ezibonakala ebuntwaneni yilezi:
Ukuquleka kokungabikho (isithuthwane sokungabikho ebuntwaneni).
Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni.
Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa yi-Fbrile (ukuxhuzula okwenzeka lapho umkhuhlane ukhula).
Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha yengane.
Isifo sokuwa kwe-myoclonic sabantwana.
I-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Ukuquleka kwe-Tonic-clonic.
Ingabe kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma nginesifo sokuwa?
Yebo, ungaba nokukhulelwa okuphephile uma unesifo sokuwa. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze aqaphe impilo yakho neyengane yakho. Eminye imithi yokuvimbela ukuwa ayiphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzoncoma imithi ehlukile ephephile ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye. Ukuwa kungase kubonakale njengezehlakalo ezimangalisayo ozibona ku-TV noma kuma-movie, kodwa kungaba yinto wena noma othandekayo wakho enihlangabezana nayo nsuku zonke noma kaningi. Akujabulisi ukuyibona futhi kwesabisa kakhulu ukuyibuka. Ungase uzizwe ungaphilile kahle ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokuwa, futhi kungathatha isikhathi ukululama. Ngisho noma ukuwa kwakho kungaphezu kwamandla akho, udokotela angakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa izindlela zokuphatha isimo sakho esiyisisekelo, noma ukuhlonza nokugwema izimbangela. Imithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvama kokuwa, futhi ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini ongayilindela uma unesifo sokuwa, noma ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani wena noma othandekayo wakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela.
Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya
Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu ngesifo sokuwa namuhla. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule:
Ukuquleka kuwumsebenzi kagesi ongajwayelekile ebuchosheni. Akuzona zonke iziquleka ezifanayo, futhi izimpawu ziyahlukahluka.
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi. Ezinye zingezesikhashana, kanti ezinye zibangelwa yizimo zezempilo eziyisisekelo.
Uma unesifo sokuwa noma ulahlekelwa ingqondo okokuqala, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Uma unesifo sokuwa njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa nokuphathwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi yakho ngendlela efanele.
Thola `(Izinto Ezibangela)` bese uzama ukuzigwema.
Awuwedwa. Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile ngalesi simo, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo ngaso.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!
Ukuquleka , Ikhanda Elibuhlungu, Izifo Zobuchopho, Izifo Zezinzwa, Izimpawu Zokuquleka, Ukwelashwa Kokuquleka
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.
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