Ingabe nawe ukhathazekile kakhulu ngesisindo somzimba wakho? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, ukwehlisa isisindo akulula njengoba ucabanga? Mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi, "Angidli kahle, anginawo amandla okuzivocavoca." Kodwa empeleni, ukukhuluphala akusikho ukuntuleka kwamandla okuzimisela noma ukuntuleka kokulawula ukudla. Kuyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesingapheli esidinga ukwelashwa. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Kuyini Ukukhuluphala Kwebanga Lesithathu?
Kalula nje, ukukhuluphala kwebanga lesi-3 kuyindlela embi kakhulu yokukhuluphala. Kwakubizwa ngokuthi "Ukukhuluphala Okubuhlungu," kodwa lelo gama lalizwakala lingathandeki kancane, ngakho odokotela manje basebenzisa igama elithi "Ukukhuluphala kwebanga lesi-3."
Indlela evamile yokukala ukukhuluphala yi -Body Mass Index (BMI) . Lokhu ukubala okulula okubonisa ukuthi unesisindo esinempilo yini ngobude bakho.
- Uma i-BMI yakho ingu-40 noma ngaphezulu, kubhekwa njengokukhuluphala kwesigaba sesi-3.
Kodwa khumbula, i-BMI ayiyona njalo indlela yokulinganisa enembile engu-100%. Ngezinye izikhathi umdlali onemisipha emihle angaba ne-BMI ephezulu, kodwa akakhuluphele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho udokotela ekuxilonga, ngeke ahlole i-BMI yakho kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izinto ezifana nobubanzi besinqe sakho kanye nobukhulu bengqimba yamafutha esikhumba sakho.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi yisimo esingelapheka. Nakuba kungekho sixazululo sobusuku obubodwa, wena nodokotela wakho ningasebenzisana ukwakha uhlelo lokufinyelela isisindo esinempilo esikusebenzelayo.
Yiziphi izimpawu nezinkinga zokukhuluphala ngokweqile?
Azikho izimpawu ezithile ezihlukile kwi-Class III Obesity. Uphawu oluyinhloko yi-BMI engaphezu kuka-40. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu futhi sibangele izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Yilokhu okudingeka sikunake kakhulu.
Ake sibheke ezinye zezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezingase zivele ngenxa yalokhu ngezansi.
| Uhlelo lomzimba | Izinkinga nezifo ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi | Isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme), ukugcwala kwamafutha emithanjeni yegazi (i-atherosclerosis) |
| Uhlelo lokuphefumula | Ukuhona kanye nokuphefumula okunzima (Obstructive Sleep Apnea), ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokukhuluphala (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome - OHS) |
| Uhlelo lwe-endocrine (ama-hormone) | Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2, Isifo Sokugaya Ukudla |
| Amathambo namalunga | I-osteoarthritis, ikakhulukazi emadolweni nasezinqeni |
| Isibindi nezinso | Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha, Isifo Sezinso |
| Ingozi yomdlavuza | Ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza we-pancreatic, wamathumbu amakhulu, webele, kanye nesibindi |
| Impilo yengqondo | Ukucindezeleka kanye nezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo |
| Impilo yokuzala | Izinkinga zokuzala ezithinta ikhono labesifazane nabesilisa lokuthola abantwana |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela zokukhuluphala ngokweqile?
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhuluphala kubangelwa ukungalingani phakathi kokudla esikudlayo kanye nokuzivocavoca esikwenzayo. Lokho kuyiqiniso ngezinga elithile. Uma sidla amakhalori amaningi kunalawo umzimba wethu oshayo, amandla adlulele agcinwa emzimbeni njengamafutha (izicubu zamafutha).
Kodwa indaba ayigcini lapho. Lena indaba eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Khumbula, ukukhuluphala kwesigaba sesi-3 akubangelwa ukungabi namandla okuzimisela noma ukungakwazi ukulawula ukudla kwakho.
Kunezinye izizathu eziningi ezithinta lokhu:
- Izakhi zofuzo: Ungase umangale ukuzwa ukuthi kuye kwatholakala izakhi zofuzo ezingaphezu kuka-15 ezihlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala. Abanye abantu bathambekele ekukhuleni isisindo ngokwezakhi zofuzo. Ezinye izimo zezakhi zofuzo, njenge-Prader-Willi syndrome, nazo zingabangela ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
- Ukungalingani kwama-hormone: Ama-hormone ayizinto ezinamandla kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Izimo ezihlobene nama-hormone njenge-hypothyroidism, i-Cushing's syndrome, kanye ne-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) zingabangela ukukhuluphala okungafuneki.
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi oyithathayo, isibonelo, imithi yokucindezeleka, imithi yokwelapha ingqondo, kanye ne-corticosteroids, ingabangela nokukhuluphala njengomphumela ongemuhle.
- Izici Zezenhlalo Nezamasiko: Cabanga nje, zingaki izikhangiso ezikhona kuthelevishini naku-inthanethi zokudla okusheshayo okunama-calorie amaningi? Ngisho naseSri Lanka, manje sekulula ukuthola isitolo noma i-bakery ethi "Shot-Eats", kodwa kunzima ukuthola imifino nezithelo ezinhle. Futhi, ubukhulu bokudla esikudlayo bukhulu kakhulu manje kunangaphambili.
- Izici zemvelo nezomnotho: Ngezinye izikhathi ukudla okusheshayo kushibhile futhi kulula ukukuthola kunokudla okunomsoco. Futhi, uma uhlala endaweni lapho kungekho khona izindawo eziphephile noma amapaki okuhamba nokuzivocavoca, lokho kungasiza ekukhuleni kwesisindo.
Ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yokukhuluphala
Ngaphezu kwezizathu ezingenhla, lezi zici zingandisa ingozi yakho:
- Ukungalali: Ucwaningo luthole ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu abalala amahora angaphansi kwangu-7 ngosuku kanye ne-BMI ephezulu.
- Ukucindezeleka Okungapheli: Uma ucindezelekile isikhathi eside, umzimba wakho ukhipha ama-hormone afana ne-"Cortisol." La ma-hormone alawula indlala yethu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, okungaholela ekukhuleni kwesisindo.
- Ubudala: Njengoba ukhula, i-metabolism yomzimba wakho iyehla, okwandisa ingozi yokukhuluphala.
- Ubulili: Abesifazane ngokuvamile banamafutha amaningi emzimbeni kunabesilisa, futhi bangase bakhuluphale ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzothatha izinyathelo eziningana ukuqinisekisa lesi simo.
1. Ukubalwa kwe-Body Mass Index (BMI): Okokuqala, ukuphakama nesisindo sakho kuyalinganiswa bese kubalwa inani le-BMI.
2. Ukulinganisa ukujikeleza kwesinqe: Lokhu futhi kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokulinganisa, ngoba amafutha agcwele esiswini andisa ingozi yezinto ezifana nesifo senhliziyo.
- Kwabesifazane: Uma ingaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-35
- Kwabesilisa: Uma ingaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-40
- (Kulabo bethu bozalo lwaseNingizimu Asia, odokotela babheka amanani aphansi ngisho nangokwengeziwe njengengozi.)
3. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokunye ukuhlolwa: Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuze abone ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezibangela ukukhuluphala kwakho nokuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezibangelwa ukukhuluphala.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Kuyini ukuhlolwa? |
|---|---|
| Iphrofayili ye-Lipid | Amazinga e-cholesterol egazini kanye ne-triglyceride |
| I-Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) | Ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela noma isifo sikashukela sangaphambi kwesikhathi |
| Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwesibindi | Ukuze ufunde ngokusebenza kwesibindi kanye nokugcinwa kwamafutha |
| I-hormone Evuselela I-thyroid (TSH) | Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-thyroid |
| I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Sibhekana kanjani nalokhu?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Khumbula, akukho ukwelashwa okulingana nakho konke. Uzodinga uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe ngqo, olusekelwe emzimbeni wakho, endleleni ophila ngayo, kanye nemigomo yakho yezempilo. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ngalokhu.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine:
1. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila enempilo
Lesi yisisekelo sokwelashwa.
- Izinguquko ekudleni:Ungahlangana nochwepheshe wezokudla ukuze uhlele ukudla okulinganiselayo okufanelana nawe. Lokhu akusho ukweqa ukudla, kodwa ukudla izinto ezifanele, ngamanani afanele, ngezikhathi ezifanele.
- Umsebenzi womzimba: Ukuzivocavoca akukuhle nje kuphela ekunciphiseni isisindo, kodwa futhi kuhle empilweni yakho yengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ungaqali ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima ngesikhathi esisodwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lokuzivocavoca olukufanele nokuthi kufanele ulwenze isikhathi esingakanani.
- Ukulala kahle: Kubalulekile ukulala kahle amahora angu-7-8 ngosuku.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela enkulu yokukhuluphala. Izinto ezifana nokuzindla nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula zingakusiza ukulawula ukucindezeleka.
2. Ukwelapha Ngokuziphatha Nokusebenza Kwengqondo
Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nezizathu zengqondo ezibangela imikhuba yethu yokudla. Izimo ezifana nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka zivame ukubonakala kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuluma nodokotela wengqondo (Talk Therapy) kungaba usizo kakhulu. `(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)` kuyindlela ephumelelayo esetshenziswa kulokhu.
3. Imithi
Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zinganele ukulawula isisindo sakho, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokukusiza unciphise isisindo. Le mithi isebenza kakhulu ngokulawula indlala yakho nokwenza uzizwe usuthi ngemva kokudla okuncane.
Izibonelo: `(Orlistat)`, `(Liraglutide)`, `(Semaglutide)`
Le mithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela . Ingaba nemiphumela emibi, ngakho udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe imithi efanele wena.
4. Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinqubo zokunciphisa isisindo
Lezi zindlela zingacatshangelwa kubantu abakhuluphele kakhulu futhi abahlulekile yizo zonke ezinye izindlela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi.
- Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic: Izinqubo ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa ezihilela ukufaka i-endoscope (ithubhu enekhamera) ngomlomo ukuze kwenziwe isisu sibe sincane. Isibonelo: I-Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG).
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Bariatric: Lokhu ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Kwesisu: Ingxenye encane yesisu iyadalwa futhi ixhunywe ngqo emathunjini amancane.
- Ukususwa Kwesisu Esinqeni: Ingxenye enkulu yesisu iyasuswa, okwenza isisu sibe sincane.
Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kungaletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu, kunezingozi nezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, lesi yisinqumo esibucayi kakhulu. Kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu kabanzi nodokotela wakho.
Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Uma unenkinga yokulawula isisindo sakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela. Uma umbona, ukumbuza le mibuzo kuzosiza kakhulu.
| Buza udokotela wakho. |
|---|
| - Ingabe nginaso esinye isifo esingangibangela ukukhuluphala? |
| - Ingabe imithi engiyithathayo izobangela ukukhuluphala? |
| - Yimiphi imikhuba endleleni yami yokuphila eye yaba nomthelela omkhulu kulesi simo? |
| - Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zempilo engibe nazo ngenxa yesisindo sami? |
| - Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo? |
| - Ingabe kufanele ngibone isazi sokudla okunempilo? |
| - Ingabe imithi yokwehlisa isisindo noma ukuhlinzwa kulungile kimi? |
Ekugcineni, uhambo lokwehlisa isisindo lungaba yinselele. Kungase kube nokwehla nokwehla endleleni. Kodwa akuyona into engenakwenzeka. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukwenza ushintsho olukhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, yenza ushintsho olulodwa oluncane ngesikhathi. Khumbula ukuthi ngisho nokulahlekelwa okuncane njengo-5% noma u-10% wesisindo sakho sonke kungaba nomthelela omkhulu omuhle ezintweni ezifana nomfutho wegazi lakho, amazinga kashukela, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol . Ngokuqinisekile kuzothuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (Ukukhuluphala Kwesigaba III) akuyona into eyenzeka ngenxa yomuntu, kodwa kuyisimo sezokwelapha esiyinkimbinkimbi esithonywa izici eziningana zofuzo, amahomoni, kanye nemvelo.
- Lesi simo siholela ezinkingeni eziningi zempilo ezimbi, njengesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nomdlavuza, kodwa singelashwa ngempumelelo.
- Izindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingase zihlanganise ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, imithi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuhlinzwa.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngesisindo sakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha bese usungula uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.
- Gubha ngisho nokunqoba okuncane! Ukwehlisa isisindo sakho sonke kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho.
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