Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani igazi lethu libomvu? Noma wake wabheka ithonsi legazi eliphuma enxebeni elincane wazibuza ukuthi kukhonani ngaphakathi? Umzimba wethu uyifektri emangalisayo ngempela. Ngaphakathi kwale fektri, kunezisebenzi ezincane ezenza umsebenzi othule kodwa obalulekile. Ziyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, noma `(ama-Erythrocyte)`. Namuhla sikhuluma ngala maqhawe amancane, kodwa abalulekile empilweni yethu.
Kalula nje, uyini umsebenzi wala maseli abomvu egazi?
Cabanga nje ukuthi umzimba wethu uyidolobha elikhulu. Yonke indlu, yonke isitolo, yonke ihhovisi kuleli dolobha lidinga amandla ukuze lisebenze. Into eyinhloko okudingeka inikeze lawo mandla umoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu afana nenkonzo yokuthumela izincwadi esheshayo kuleli dolobha.
Nakhu ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani:
1. Ukuthatha umoya-mpilo: Umoya-mpilo ongena emaphashini ethu lapho siphefumula ufakwa ezikhwameni zokuthutha ezibizwa ngamaseli egazi abomvu. Kufana nokuthatha izimpahla esitolo sokugcina impahla.
2. Kusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba: Lawa maseli abomvu egazi agcwele umoya-mpilo abese ehamba ngemithambo yegazi yethu esuka kwelinye ikhoneni lomzimba aye kwelinye, esabalalisa umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke amaseli, kusukela kumaseli obuchopho kuya kumaseli esikhumba kuya kumaseli asezinzwaneni zethu.
3. Kususa imfucuza: Uma sisebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukwenza amandla, amangqamuzana ethu akhipha imfucuza ebizwa ngokuthi i-carbon dioxide. Lokhu kufana nemfucuza esiyilahla emakhaya ethu. Ngakho amangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi aqoqa le mfucuza ye-carbon dioxide ayibuyisele emaphashini.
4. Ukukhipha imfucuza: Sikhipha ikhabhoni dioksijini emaphashini uma sikhipha umoya.
Uwubonile umsebenzi? Lo mjikelezo wenzeka ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokuyeka ngisho nomzuzwana. Yingakho sithola amandla okuphila.
Akhiqizwa kuphi la maseli abomvu egazi? Abukeka kanjani?
Ifektri lapho kwenziwa khona la maseli egazi abomvu itholakala emnkantsheni wamathambo ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu . Lena yindawo eyinhloko emzimbeni wethu lapho kwenziwa khona amaseli egazi. Kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ukuthi iseli legazi elibomvu elisanda kwakheka livuthwe ngokugcwele futhi lijoyine igazi.
Indlela ababukeka ngayo nayo ikhethekile kakhulu.
- Umbala: Bathola umbala wabo obomvu okhanyayo kuphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Le hemoglobin yilokho okuthwala umoya-mpilo, njengesikhwama seposi.
- Isimo: Lezi zincane kakhulu, futhi zingabonakala kuphela nge-microscope. Zifana ne-donut , kodwa akukho mbobo phakathi. Ingxenye ephakathi ifana nediski eyisicaba, eyindilinga egobile nhlangothi zombili.
- Ayikho i-nucleus:Ngokungafani namanye amangqamuzana, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi awanawo i-nucleus. Lokhu kuyinzuzo enkulu. Ngenxa yokuthi awanawo i-nucleus, angashintsha isimo sawo nganoma iyiphi indlela ayifunayo futhi angangena ngisho nasemithanjeni yegazi emincane kakhulu. Yingakho ekwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke amagumbi omzimba.
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta amangqamuzana abomvu egazi?
Ngezinye izikhathi inani lamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni wethu lingaba ngaphansi noma ngaphezulu kunejwayelekile. Zombili lezi zimo zingathinta impilo yethu.
1. Inani Eliphansi Lamaseli Egazi Abomvu
Ngokuvamile lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi “i-anemia” noma, ngokwezokwelapha, “i-anemia.” Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi lakho lingakwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo owanele, okungakwenza uzizwe ubuthakathaka futhi ukhathele.
| Isimo / Imbangela | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Ukuzizwa ukhathele njalo, ubanda, futhi ubuthakathaka ngenxa yokuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele. |
| Ukulahlekelwa Yigazi | Ukulahlekelwa yigazi ngokushesha kunomzimba kungalithatha indawo yalo ngenxa yokulimala, ukuhlinzwa, noma esinye isizathu. |
| Isifo Somnkantsha Wamathambo | Umonakalo esitshalweni esikhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi uqobo. Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -leukemia kanye ne-lymphoma . |
| Umdlavuza Nokwelashwa | Ezinye izimo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza kungabangela ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. |
2. Inani Eliphezulu Lamaseli Abomvu Egazi
Ngezinye izikhathi umzimba wenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi kunalokho okudingayo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi igazi lijiye. Cabanga ngakho njengesiraphu ejiyile esikhundleni samanzi. Leli gazi elijiyile lenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi ligeleze emithanjeni, okwandisa ingozi yezimo ezibucayi njengezinhlayiya zegazi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nohlangothi.
| Isimo / Imbangela | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| I-Polycythemia vera | Lesi yisifo somnkantsha wamathambo, lapho umzimba ukhiqiza khona amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amaningi kakhulu uma ungawadingi. |
| Isifo Senhliziyo Esizalwa Naso | Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa nakho, umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Ukuze kulungiswe lokhu kuntuleka, umzimba ukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engeziwe. |
| Isifo samaphaphu | Izifo ezifana ne -COPD kanye ne -Pulmonary Fibrosis zenza kube nzima ngomzimba ukumunca umoya-mpilo. Njengesinxephezelo, umzimba ukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engeziwe. |
| I-Hypoxia | Amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini. Lesi simo singavela uma uhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme. |
| I-Carbon Monoxide | Uma ubhema, i-carbon monoxide ingena emzimbeni. Lokhu kubopha i-hemoglobin futhi kuyivimbele ekuthwaleni umoya-mpilo. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba ukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engeziwe. |
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zenkinga yamaseli abomvu egazi?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani lamaseli akho abomvu liphansi noma liphezulu, kungase kube nezimpawu ezivamile, ngoba zombili ekugcineni ziholela ekushintsheni okuthile endleleni amaseli omzimba athola ngayo umoya-mpilo awudingayo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, ungesabi ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Zingabangelwa ezinye izinto eziningi. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
| Isibonakaliso | Indlela okuzwakala ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ungenampilo ngisho nangemva kokulala kahle futhi ungenzi lutho. |
| Ubuthakathaka Bemisipha | Ukuzizwa unzima kakhulu kunokujwayelekile lapho wenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukukhwela izitebhisi. |
| Ukuntuleka Kwamandla | Ukuzizwa ulele futhi ungenasithakazelo kunoma yini usuku lonke. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma isiyezi | Ikakhulukazi uma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ekhula, ukuqina kwegazi kungaphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. |
| Umbono Ofiphele | Izinguquko zokubona zingenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi ebucayi emehlweni. |
| Izandla Nezinyawo Ezibandayo | Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokujikeleza kwegazi kuya ezingxenyeni ezikude kakhulu zomzimba, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni. |
Zihlolwa kanjani lezi zinto? Ziyini izindinganiso ezijwayelekile?
Kukhona ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu nokuvamile okungenziwa ukuhlola impilo yamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Kubizwa ngokuthi ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi engalweni yakho nokubala hhayi kuphela amaseli abomvu egazi, kodwa futhi nenani lazo zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli, njengamaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelet.
Ngokuvamile, inani lamaseli abomvu egazi lomuntu ophilile lingaba kuleli banga.
| Umuntu | Inani elijwayelekile lamaseli abomvu egazi (nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi) |
|---|---|
| Abesilisa | Izigidi ezingu-4.7 kuya kwezingu-6.1 |
| Abesifazane | Izigidi ezingu-4.2 kuya ku-5.4 |
| Izingane | Izigidi ezingu-4.0 kuya ku-5.5 |
Kodwa khumbula, lezi zinombolo zingahluka kancane kuye ngelabhorethri, kanye nakumuntu nomuntu. Ungakhathazeki uma umbiko wakho ungafinyeleleki. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umbiko wakho, awuqhathanise nempilo yakho, bese echaza kahle ukuthi usho ukuthini.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigcine amaseli abomvu egazi ephilile?
Ukugcina laba basebenzi bethu bethu bephilile buthule kubaluleke kakhulu. Akudingeki kube yinto enkulu. Uma sigcina ukudla neziphuzo zethu ngendlela efanele, singenza okuningi. Kufanele sithole ikakhulukazi izakhamzimba esizidingayo ukuze senze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngokudla.
Okudingeka kakhulu yilokhu:
- Insimbi
- I-Vitamin B9 (i-Folic Acid)
- I-Vitamin B12
Lezi ezinye zokudla ezivame kakhulu:
- Inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo) kanye nezingxenye ezifana nesibindi: Lezi zinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu ensimbi.
- Inhlanzi: Ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezifana ne-salao ne-kumbalao.
- Imifino enamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani: izinto ezifana nesipinashi, i-kale, i-gotu kola, namaqabunga e-moringa.
- Okusanhlamvu okufana ne-lentile, ubhontshisi, uphizi kanye nobhontshisi oluhlaza.
- Amaqanda: Ikakhulukazi izikhupha zamaqanda.
- Amantongomane nezithelo ezomisiwe: Izinto ezifana namadethi, omisiwe, nama-cashew.
Ukwengeza lokhu kudla ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke kuzonikeza ifektri yakho yamaseli abomvu egazi izithako ezifanele. Futhi, ukuyeka ukubhema kuwusizo olukhulu kumaseli abomvu egazi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amaseli abomvu egazi awuhlobo lweseli elincane elisebenza njengenkonzo yokuthumela i-oxygen ethwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu.
- Kokubili amazinga aphansi (anemia) kanye naphezulu (polycythemia) angabangela izinkinga zempilo.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ubuthakathaka, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula (i-CBC) kunganquma inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi.
- Ungagcina amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi ephilile ngokudla ukudla okunomsoco okucebile nge-iron, amavithamini B9, kanye ne-B12, nangokugwema ukubhema.
- Uma unenkinga ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho noma yiziphi izimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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