Ingabe nawe unamawele noma amawele amathathu? (Ukukhulelwa Okuningi) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi unezingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa, okungukuthi, amawele noma amawele amathathu (ukukhulelwa okuningi), kumelwe ukuthi uzizwe umangale futhi ujabule kakhulu, akunjalo? Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyinto evamile ukuba nokwesaba okuncane kanye nemibuzo embalwa efika engqondweni yakho. Ungase ucabange izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Ngizobanakekela kanjani ababili?", "Ingabe ngizokwazi ukubhekana nalokhu?" Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngalokhu "kukhulelwa okuningi" ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini lokhu kukhulelwa okuningi?

Kalula nje, ukukhulelwa okuningi kwenzeka lapho ukhulelwe izingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngesikhathi. Uma ukhulelwe izingane ezimbili, sizibiza ngamawele . Uma ukhulelwe izingane ezintathu, sizibiza ngamawele amathathu . Ngezinye izikhathi, ungazala izingane eziningi kakhulu ekukhulelweni okufanayo, okubizwa ngokuthi ama-multiples aphezulu . Ngokuvamile kunezingozi ezimbalwa ezihilelekile ekukhulelweni okuningi kunokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngokuqashwa okuhle kwezokwelapha, konke lokhu kungaphathwa kahle.

La mawele namawele amathathu azalwa kanjani?

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko lokhu okungenzeka ngazo:

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kweqanda/iqanda elilodwa elivundisiwe: Iqanda elilodwa elivundisiwe yisidoda esisodwa lihlukana libe amabili noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokutshala odongeni lwesibeletho.

2. Ukukhulelwa okuningi: Amaqanda amaningi avundiswa yisidoda esihlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Lezi zindlela ezimbili zinquma ukuthi amawele afana noma angabazalwane .

Obani amawele afanayo?

Cabanga nje, iqanda elilodwa livundiswa yisidoda esisodwa, bese lihlukana libe ngamabili (noma ngaphezulu). Izingane ezakha kanje zibizwa ngokuthi amawele afanayo. Izinto zazo zofuzo ziyafana ngokuphelele. Lokho kusho ukuthi zifana futhi zingobulili obufanayo (amantombazane ngamantombazane, abafana ngabafana) . Kufana nekhophi yekhabhoni!

Obani amawele angabazalwane?

Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amaqanda amabili (noma ngaphezulu) ahlukene avundiswa yisidoda esihlukene. Manje bheka, amaqanda ahlukile, isidoda sihlukile. Ngakho-ke ulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo lwezingane ezizalwayo nalo luhlukile. Yingakho lezi zingane zingafani, futhi zingaxutshwa njengowesilisa nowesifazane. Njengezingane zakubo emndenini ofanayo, zisanda kuzalwa ngosuku olufanayo.

Ekukhulelweni okunezingane ezintathu noma ngaphezulu, izingane zingaba zifana, zonke zibe ne-dizygotic, noma zibe yingxube yazo zombili. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umzimba wakho ukhipha amaqanda amaningi, angaphezu kwelilodwa azo avundiswa, futhi elilodwa noma ngaphezulu lalawo maqanda avundisiwe aphinde aqhekeke, lokhu kungenzeka.

Ingabe amawele afanayo ahlala engobulili obufanayo?

Yebo! Ngenxa yokuthi amawele afanayo azalwa ngeqanda elifanayo kanye nesidoda, anolwazi olufanayo lwezakhi zofuzo. Ubulili bomntwana bunqunywa uhlobo lwe-chromosome esidoda esivundisiwe. Iqanda likamama liqukethe i-chromosome X. Uma isidoda sikababa siqukethe i-chromosome X, umntwana uzoba ngu-XX (owesifazane), futhi uma siqukethe i-chromosome Y, umntwana uzoba ngu-XY (owesilisa). Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi iqanda elifanayo liyahlukana, umntwana ngamunye uzoba nenhlanganisela ye-chromosome efanayo njengangaphambili.

Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa okuningi?

Kunezici eziningana ezandisa amathuba akho okuthola amawele noma izingane eziningi. Lezi zingakuthinta futhi:

• Ubudala: Abesifazane abaseminyakeni yabo engama-30 ngezinye izikhathi bavame ukukhulula amaqanda angaphezu kwelilodwa ngesikhathi.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma uyiwele, noma uma kukhona amawele emndenini wakho (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lukamama wakho), kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube namawele. Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ezizalweni zakho.
• Imithi yokwelapha nokuzala: Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukungabi nabantwana, njenge- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) , zandisa amathuba okuthola amawele ngokudlulisela amaqanda angaphezu kwelilodwa avundisiwe esibelethweni ukuze kwandiswe amathuba okukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.
• Ukuphakama nesisindo: Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi abesifazane abade noma abakhuluphele kakhulu kunesilinganiso bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokukhulelwa okuningi.

Muva nje, njengoba abantu abaningi befuna ukwelashwa kokuzala, inani lokubeletha izingane eziningi nalo liye landa kancane.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginamawele? Yiziphi izimpawu?

Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi unezingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa ukubona udokotela bese kwenziwa i-ultrasound scan. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi zingaki izingane ezingaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu kunokukhulelwa komuntu oyedwa. Isibonelo:

• Ukucasuka okukhulu ekuseni nokuhlanza.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokushesha ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuzwela emabeleni.
• Amazinga aphezulu ehomoni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) egazini noma emchameni. Le homoni itholakala ngokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa.
• Amazinga aphezulu eprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Alpha-fetoprotein egazini.

Futhi, uma udokotela ezwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungaphezu kokukodwa lapho enza i- fetal Doppler scan , angase asole ukuthi kungaba amawele.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nokuzalwa kwamawele?

Noma ubani angaba nezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhulelwe izingane ezingaki. Kodwa-ke, odokotela babheka ukukhulelwa okuningi njengengozi ephezulu kunokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umama okhulelwe amawele uzoba nezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhulelwe amawele, udokotela wakho uzokuhlola njalo futhi aqaphele izinkinga ezingaba khona. Bazokuchazela zonke izingozi.

Ezinye zezinkinga ezingase zihlotshaniswe nokukhulelwa okuningi zihlanganisa:

• Ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokubeletha: Lena inkinga evame kakhulu ebonakala ekuzalweni okuningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingane zingazalwa ngaphambi kwesonto lama-37 lokukhulelwa. Endabeni yamawele, ukuqeda amasonto angama-37 kuwumgomo womama abaningi. Khona-ke izingane zinamathuba amaningi okuzalwa ziphilile futhi zinesisindo esihle. Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi nazo zisengozini yesinye inkinga ebizwa ngokuthi isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi.

• I-Preeclampsia noma i-Gestational hypertension: Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ubizwa ngokuthi i-hypertension. Udokotela wakho uzohlola umfutho wegazi wakho njalo ukuze abone ukuthi une-hypertension yokukhulelwa. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-preeclampsia . Umama onamawele unamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthola lesi simo kunomama onomntwana oyedwa. Futhi, lesi simo singavela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa noma singakhula ngokushesha.

• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa: Isifo sikashukela singakhula ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwama-hormone akhishwa yi-placenta. Ubukhulu be-placenta bungathinta nalokhu. Uma une-placenta ezimbili, ukumelana kwakho ne-insulin kuyanda.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-placenta: Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Kulapho i-placenta ihlukana nodonga lwesibeletho ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka komama abathwele amawele.

• Umkhawulo wokukhula kwengane: Okwaziwa nangokuthi umkhawulo wokukhula kwengane ngaphakathi kwesibeletho (IUGR) noma omncane wesikhathi sokukhulelwa (SGA) , lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingane eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ingakhuli kahle. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izingane zizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma zinesisindo esincane sokuzalwa. Le nkinga yenzeka cishe engxenyeni yazo zonke izisu zokukhulelwa eziningi.

Amawele anomndeni ahlala enama-placenta amabili. Izingozi zokukhulelwa ezihilela wona zifana nezokukhulelwa komntwana oyedwa, kodwa ziphakeme kancane.

Amawele afanayo angaba ne-placenta eyodwa (70% yesikhathi) noma ama-placenta amabili (30% yesikhathi). Izingozi zamawele afanayo ane-placenta ezimbili zifana nezewele lobuzalwane.

Izingozi ezikhethekile zamawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta eyodwa (i-Monochorionic)

Amawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta eyodwa (esikubiza ngokuthi i- monochorionic) anezingozi eziningana ezihlukile:

• I-Twin-Twin-Transfusion-Syndrome (TTTS): Lesi simo senzeka ezimweni ezingu-5% kuya ku-15%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuxhumana kwemithambo yegazi phakathi kwamawele ezingeni le-placental. Ngenxa yalokhu kuxhumana, amawele abelana ngegazi lawo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, uma kungenziwa lutho, kunengozi engu-90% yokuthi amawele azofela esibelethweni. Kunezinqubo ezisetshenziswa esibelethweni zokunciphisa le ngozi.

• Uchungechunge lwe-Twin-Anemia-Polycythemia (TAPS): Lesi futhi yisimo lapho igazi ligeleza lisuka kwelinye iwele liye kwelinye ngenxa yokuxhumana kwe-placenta. Kulokhu, lapho ingane eyodwa ingenayo i-anemia (amangqamuzana abomvu aphansi), enye ingane iba yi-polycythemic (amangqamuzana abomvu aphezulu egazi). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokwelapha/ukungenelela okuhlukahlukene.

• I-IUGR Ekhethiwe: Lesi esinye isimo esibonakala kumawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta eyodwa. Ngenkathi umntwana oyedwa ekhula kahle, ukukhula komunye umntwana kuncipha kakhulu.

• (I-Twin-Reversed-Arterial-Perfusion - TRAP) syndrome: Kulesi simo, inhliziyo yomntwana oyedwa ipompa igazi liye kuzo zombili izingane. Enye ingane ayinayo inhliziyo ngakho-ke ayiphili ngemva kokuzalwa. Impilo yomntwana onenhliziyo evamile ingahluka. Ngenhlanhla, lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu (cishe oyedwa kwabangu-20,000 kuya kwabangu-40,000) futhi singelashwa esibelethweni.

• I-Monoamniotic: Amawele afanayo abelana nge-placenta eyodwa ngezinye izikhathi angaba sesakeni elifanayo lokukhulelwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Monochorionic-Monoamniotic . Lesi simo senzeka cishe ku-1% wokukhulelwa okuningi. Kulesi simo, kunengozi enkulu yomntwana oyedwa noma bobabili.

Udokotela wakho uhlonza zonke lezi zimo ngokusebenzisa ama-ultrasound scan.

Ingabe akhona amathuba amaningi okubeletha umntwana ngokuhlinzwa (C-section) uma ethola amawele?

Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kuyinqubo lapho umntwana ezalwa khona ngokusikwa esiswini. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezizathu ezahlukene, kodwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekuzalweni okuningi. Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenziwe ekukhulelweni kwamawele kunasekukhulelweni kwesisu esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nasekukhulelweni kwesisu esisodwa, ukuhlinzwa kwesisu ngezinye izikhathi kuyindlela ephephile yokubeletha umntwana.

Esikhathini esiningi, izingane zizalwa zisesimweni sokukhwehlela (ikhanda libheke phansi). Futhi, uma unezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho, futhi ukubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungaphephile kuwe noma enganeni yakho, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuqapha eduze kuze kube yilapho usukulungele ukubeletha futhi akhulume nawe ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokubeletha ingane yakho.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngihlale ngiphilile uma ngikhulelwe amawele?

Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, ukuphumula ngokwanele, nokubona udokotela wakho njalo konke kubalulekile ekukhulelweni okunempilo kunoma yimuphi umama okhulelwe. Lezi zinto zibaluleke nakakhulu kumama okhulelwe amawele.

Uma uthwele amawele, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngokudla kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuthola amaprotheni noketshezi olwanele (amanzi). Udinga futhi ukudla amakhalori engeziwe anele ukusekela ingane yakho ekhulayo. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, ingane ngayinye idinga amakhalori engeziwe angaba ngu-300 ngosuku . Lokho kusho ukuthi uma uthwele amawele, udinga amakhalori engeziwe angaba ngu-600 ngosuku. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokudla kwakho kanye nenani elithile olidingayo ukuze ukhulelwe kahle.

Omama bamawele bangase babe nezinkinga ezivamile zokukhulelwa (isib. ubuhlungu bomhlane, ukukhathala). Kubalulekile ukuzinakekela kahle futhi uthole ukuphumula okwanele.

Kwezinye izimo, kungcono ukubona uchwepheshe onolwazi lokubeletha izingane eziningi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi wena nomntwana wakho nithola ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukunakekelwa okuvamile nokujulile kwangaphambi kokubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuningi. Cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho womndeni noma ku-OBGYN ngalokhu.

Ungakwazi yini ukuzivocavoca uma unezingane ezimbili?

Ukuzivocavoca kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezimweni eziningi, usengavivinya umzimba ngenkathi ukhulelwe. Ukuzivocavoca okulula, okungenamthelela omkhulu kungcono kakhulu. Isibonelo:

• Ukubhukuda
• Ukuhamba ngezinyawo
• I-yoga yangaphambi kokubeletha

Nakuba ukuzivocavoca kuhle, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okufanele. Okunye ukuzivocavoca okunzima kungase kungabi kuhle kuwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngamawele. Isibonelo:

• Ukugijima
• Ama-aerobic ahlanganisa ukugxuma

Futhi, khumbula ukuthi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga, kungadingeka ushintshe indlela yakho yokuzivocavoca.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba namawele noma amawele amathathu kuyisibusiso ngempela! Yebo, kungase kube nezinselele ezithile, kodwa ungazinqoba zonke.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho nokuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi. Bazokunakekela kahle wena nomntwana wakho.

• Yidla futhi uphuze kahle, ikakhulukazi ngamaprotheni nama-calories engeziwe.
• Phumula ngokwanele. Ukuphumula kubalulekile ngoba kubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emzimbeni wakho.
• Yenza ukuzivocavoca okulula, kodwa qala kuphela ngemva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
• Uma ubona noma yini engavamile noma ehlukile, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungashalazeli ngisho nento encane kakhulu.
• Khuluma nomyeni wakho, umndeni, noma udokotela wakho ngokwesaba kwakho nezinto ezikukhathazayo. Ungagcini izinto ziyimfihlo.

Awuhambi wedwa kulolu hambo. Baningi abantu abazokusiza futhi bakunakekele. Jabulela lesi sipiliyoni esimangalisayo!

Amawele , amawele amathathu, ukukhulelwa okuningi, impilo yokukhulelwa, izinkinga zokubelethisa, amawele afanayo, amawele anobuzalwane