Ingabe nawe uzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngendlela engavamile usuku lonke ngaphandle kwesizathu? Uzizwa sengathi awunawo amandla? Noma ulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla? Nakuba sivame ukucabanga ngalezi zinto njengokukhathala okuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lwento engathi sína kakhulu. Leso yisimo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, i-Addison's Disease. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sika-Addison?
Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu iyifektri eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nemangalisayo. Kule fektri, kuneqembu lezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezigcina konke kulinganisela futhi kusebenza kahle. Sizibiza ngokuthi
ama-hormone . Ngaphezulu nje kwezinso zethu, kunezindlala ezimbili ezincane, sizibiza ngokuthi
izindlala ze-adrenal . Lezi zindlala ezimbili ezincane zikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zama-hormone ezibalulekile empilweni yethu. Ngakho-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile lezi zindlala ze-adrenal zingakwazi ukukhiqiza inani elidingekayo lama-hormone, yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Addison's Disease noma i-Primary Adrenal Insufficiency. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayisigidi. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi
uma uxilongwa kahle futhi uthatha ukwelashwa okunqunywe udokotela, ungaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ake sifunde ngama-hormone amabili abaluleke kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-hormone ezincishiswa emzimbeni ngesifo sika-Addison. 1.
I-Cortisol: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-hormone yokucindezeleka'. Le hormone isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela umzimba ukubhekana nokucindezeleka, kungaba ngokwengqondo noma ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyasiza ekulawuleni
umfutho wegazi kanye nendlela umzimba osebenzisa ngayo amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, namafutha. 2.
I-Aldosterone: Le hormone ilawula amazinga kasawoti (i-sodium) kanye ne-potassium emzimbeni ngezinso zethu. Uma lokhu kungenziwa kahle, amazinga kasawoti emzimbeni ayancipha futhi umfutho wegazi uqala ukwehla.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sika-Addison?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivela kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi ukuthola lesi sifo. Njengoba eziningi zalezi zimpawu zifana nezinye izifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole
ukuxilongwa okunembile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula yalokho okwenzekayo |
|---|
| Ukukhathala okungapheli kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha | Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nomuzwa wokuphelelwa yimpilo ngisho noma ungenzanga lutho. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo | Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, okuholela ekunciphiseni isisindo kancane kancane. |
| Ubumnyama besikhumba (i-Hyperpigmentation) | Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba onsundu/omnyama ezindaweni ezivezwe elangeni kanye nalezo ezingavezwanga kulo. Lolu shintsho lungabonakala ikakhulukazi ebunzini, emadolweni, ezindololwaneni, ezibazini, emigqeni emincane nasezinsinini. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-Hypotension) | Umfutho wegazi ophansi. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi kanye nokuquleka, ikakhulukazi uma umile. |
| Ukufisa usawoti ngokweqile | Njengoba usawoti ususwa emzimbeni, kuba nesifiso sokudla ukudla okunosawoti njalo. |
| Ezinye izici | Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia), isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, izinhlungu zesisu, isifo sohudo, ukungakwazi ukubhekana nokucindezeleka, ukucasuka, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga. |
Okubalulekile: Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa nezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yini efana nale, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela womndeni wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Yiziphi izimbangela zesifo sika-Addison?
Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yalokhu
yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Kalula nje, uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu (amasosha omzimba) luhlasela ngephutha futhi lubhubhise izindlala zethu ze-adrenal. Lokhu kuyimbangela yamacala angaba ngu-70%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izimbangela.
- Izifo: Isifo Sofuba ,Ukutheleleka okukhulu kwesikhathi eside, njenge -HIV kanye nokutheleleka kwesikhunta, kungalimaza izindlala ze-adrenal .
- Umdlavuza: Amaseli omdlavuza avela kwenye indawo angasakazekela ezindlaleni ze-adrenal (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).
- Ukopha kwangaphakathi: Ukopha ngaphakathi kwezindlala ze-adrenal.
- Izici zofuzo: Kukhona futhi ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo ngenxa yezinye izimo zofuzo.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Izinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa ukususa izindlala ze-adrenal.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho futhi ahlole umzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi ebheka noma yikuphi ukushintsha kombala esikhumbeni sakho nasezinsinini. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola amazinga e-sodium (usawoti), i-potassium, kanye nama-hormone e-cortisol emzimbeni. Esifweni sika-Addison, amazinga e-sodium angaba phansi kanti amazinga e-potassium angaba phezulu.
- Ukuhlolwa kokukhuthazwa kwe-ACTH: Lolu ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okusetshenziselwa ukuthola lesi sifo. Kulolu vivinyo, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-ACTH, ekhishwa ebuchosheni, inikezwa njengomjovo, bese kulinganiswa izinga le-cortisol egazini. Kumuntu ophilile, amazinga e-cortisol aphezulu. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onesifo sika-Addison, izindlala ze-adrenal azisebenzi, ngakho amazinga e-cortisol ahlala ephansi.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Ngezinye izikhathi i-CT scan ingenziwa ukuhlola ukutheleleka, umdlavuza, noma ukopha ezindlaleni ze-adrenal.
Ukwelashwa nokuphathwa
Isifo sika-Addison siwukuntuleka kwama-hormone emzimbeni, futhi ukwelashwa kuwukunikeza ama-hormone antulayo ngaphandle. Lokhu kuyinto okumele yenziwe impilo yonke.
- Amaphilisi e-Hydrocortisone: Lawa kumele athathwe nsuku zonke ukuze athathe indawo ye-cortisol hormone.
- Amaphilisi e-Fludrocortisone: Lawa kumele athathwe nsuku zonke ukuze athathe indawo ye-hormone i-aldosterone.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umthamo obekwe udokotela wakho, ngesikhathi esifanele, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngisho usuku olulodwa. Ukuphuthelwa ngisho nomthamo owodwa kungaba yingozi.
Uma ungaphansi kokucindezeleka, njengokutheleleka, ukuhlinzwa, noma ingozi, umthamo wakho walo muthi ungadinga ukukhushulwa. Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngalokhu.
Inkinga eyingozi kakhulu: Inkinga ye-Addisonian
Lesi
yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi nesisongela ukuphila esingase senzeke esifweni sika-Addison.Uma umzimba ungaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu (isib. ukutheleleka okukhulu, ingozi, ukuhlinzwa), umzimba awukwazi ukubhekana nesimo ngenxa yamazinga aphansi ama-hormone. Izimpawu zibe seziba zimbi ngokuzumayo.
Izimpawu zenkinga ye-Addisonian: Uma kuvela noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Isiguli kufanele siyiswe e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba isifo sika-Addison siyisifo esihlala impilo yonke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukuphila impilo evamile nenempilo .
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, isikhumba esimnyama, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Ungalokothi uphuthelwe umthamo wemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Hlala ugcina imithi eyengeziwe nawe.
- Gqoka njalo ikhadi le-ID noma isongo lezokwelapha elichaza ukuthi unesifo sika-Addison. Kungasiza ekusindiseni impilo yakho esimweni esiphuthumayo.
- Qonda ukuthi inkinga ye-Addisonian iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuthi wena nomndeni wakho niqaphele izimpawu zayo.
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