Uma ukhama izinwele zakho ekuseni, uthola izinwele eziningi ekamu lakho? Uma uqeda ukugeza, ubona izinwele zigcwele phansi endlini yokugezela? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma ubona into efana nale. Eqinisweni, kwabanye abantu, ngisho nokulahlekelwa izinwele okuncane kuwumthwalo omkhulu. Kwabanye, noma ngabe izinwele zabo ziphuma zize zibe yimpandla, akukubi kangako. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokulahlekelwa izinwele, okubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu, ngendlela elula.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, uyini lo muthi wezinwele?
Kalula nje, izinwele azizona nje izinwele ezisesikhumbeni sethu. Sinezinwele cishe yonke indawo emizimbeni yethu, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinjengezintende zethu, amathe ezinyawo zethu, namajwabu amehlo. Kodwa ezinye zazo zincane kangangokuthi asikwazi ukuzibona.
Umphini wezinwele wenziwe ngeprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin . Lokhu kukhiqizwa kuma-follicle amancane esikhumbeni. Njengoba kukhiqizwa amangqamuzana amasha ezinwele kula ma-follicle, amangqamuzana amadala asunduzelwa ngaphandle ebusweni besikhumba. Umphini wezinwele owubonayo empeleni uyiqoqo lamangqamuzana e-keratin afile. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu omdala unezinwele eziphakathi kuka-100,000 no-150,000 ekhanda lakhe. Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa izinwele ezingaba ngu-50 kuya ku-100 ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, uma unezinwele ezimbalwa ekamu lakho, ungakhathazeki.
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, cishe u-90% wezinwele ekhanda lakho usesigabeni sokukhula. Kodwa ngayinye yalezi zinwele inomjikelezo wayo wokuphila ohlukile.
Umjikelezo wokuphila kwe-follicle yezinwele
Lo mjikelezo uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
- Isigaba se-Anagen: Lesi yisikhathi lapho umphini wezinwele ukhula khona ngenkuthalo. Lesi sigaba sivame ukuhlala iminyaka emi-2 kuya kweyi-8.
- Isigaba se-Catagen: Lesi yisigaba sokuguquka. Sithatha cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
- Isigaba se-telogen: Lesi yisigaba sokuphumula kwe-hair shaft. Lesi sigaba sihlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, i-hair shaft iyawa bese i-hair shaft entsha iqala ukukhula esikhundleni sayo. Yile ndlela umjikelezo oqala ngayo futhi.
Njengoba ukhula, izinga lokukhula kwalezi zinwele liyehla kancane kancane.
Izinhlobo Zokulahlekelwa Izinwele
Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Alopecia . Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu futhi. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwezinwele | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Alopecia Eguquguqukayo | Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo njengoba sikhula. Ama-follicle ezinwele angena esigabeni sokuphumula kaningi, kanti izinwele ezisele ziba zimfushane futhi zibe zincane. |
| I-Alopecia ye-Androgenic | Lesi yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Uma sithinta amadoda, sibizwa ngokuthi 'impandla yesilisa'. Izinwele ziqala ukuqothuka ezinhlangothini zebunzi kanye nasekhanda. Uma sithinta abesifazane, sibizwa ngokuthi 'impandla yesilisa', lapho izinwele ezisekhanda ziba zincane khona. |
| I-Alopecia Areata | Lokhu kungaqala ngokuzumayo. Izinwele ziyawa zibe yiziqephu ezifana 'ne-scallop'. Ngokuvamile zithinta izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha. Kodwa ezimweni ezingama-90%, izinwele ziphinde zikhule phakathi neminyaka embalwa. |
| I-Telogen Effluvium | Uma umzimba noma ingqondo ingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu (isib., ukugula okukhulu, ukubeletha, ukuhlolwa), izinwele eziningi ezihlala isikhathi eside ziya esigabeni sokuphumula. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinwele eziningi ziphume okwesikhashana. |
| I-Alopecia Yokudonsa | Izitayela zezinwele ezidonsa izinwele ziqine (isb., ama-braids aqinile, i-ponytails eqinile) zingalimaza ama-follicle ezinwele futhi zibangele ukulahleka kwezinwele unomphela. |
| I-Alopecia ebangela amanxeba | Ezinye izifo zesikhumba (isib. i-Folliculitis, i-Lupus) zingabhubhisa unomphela ama-follicle ezinwele, zishiye isibazi. Izinwele ngeke ziphinde zikhule kulezi zindawo. |
Kungani izinwele ziphuma? Ziyini izimbangela?
Odokotela abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani ezinye izinwele zikhula isikhathi esifushane kunezinye, kodwa kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko ezibangela ukulahleka kwezinwele.
- Ama-hormone:Ukungalingani kwama-hormone, njengama-hormone wesilisa (ama-androgens), kungabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Ukuthambekela kokuba nempandla kunganqunywa izakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa kumama nakubaba.
- Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo nomzimba: Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kungenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokugula okukhulu, ukubeletha, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukucindezeleka kwengqondo.
- Eminye imithi: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kanye neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme kungabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele okwesikhashana.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo se-thyroid, isifo sikashukela, i-lupus, ukuntuleka kwensimbi, kanye ne-anemia zingabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele.
- Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo: Ukudla okune-protein eningi, amavithamini A, B, C, D, E, kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-zinc ne-iron nakho kungaba yimbangela.
- Izinto eziyingozi ongazenza ezinweleni zakho: Ukugeza izinwele njalo ngeshampu, ukufiphaza, ukudaya, kanye nokufiphaza izinwele kungenza izinwele zakho zibe buthaka futhi kubangele ukuthi ziphuke. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile ukubangela impandla.
Ungakubona kanjani ukulahleka kwezinwele? (Izimpawu)
Ukulahlekelwa izinwele ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kancane kancane, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ngokuzumayo. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi imbangela ikuphi.
- Ukuncipha kancane kancane esicongweni: Lesi yisici esiyinhloko sokuba nempandla okuzuzwe njengefa.
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele ngokuzumayo: Lokhu kungenzeka ngemva kokucindezeleka noma ukugula. Ungase ubone izinwele eziningi ekamu lakho, esikhwameni somcamelo, noma endlini yokugezela.
- Amabala ajikelezayo nanezimpaphe: Lokhu kuwuphawu lwe-'Alopecia Areata'. Kungavela nasezindaweni ezifana nentshebe namashiya.
- Mhlawumbe nezinye izici:
- Ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, kanye nobuhlungu (kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka).
- Izilonda ezifana nezibazi, ezifana nama-blister (kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwesikhunta).
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ulahlekelwa izinwele eziningi kakhulu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha . Uma imbangela isheshe itholakale, ukwelashwa kungasheshe kuqale.
Udokotela angenza okulandelayo:
- Uzobuzwa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemininingwane yomndeni.
- Isikhumba sakho sekhanda sizohlolwa ngokucophelela.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyayalwa (isib. amazinga ensimbi, i-vitamin D, ama-hormone e-thyroid).
- Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba sekhanda sihlolwa ngekhamera ekhethekile (i-trichoscopy) esikhulisa isikhumba.
- Uma kudingeka, kungathathwa ingcezu encane yesikhumba esisekhanda ukuze ihlolwe (i-biopsy).
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokulahlekelwa izinwele. Ezimweni eziningi, ukulahlekelwa izinwele kuzoma bese kuqala ukukhula futhi uma isimo esiyisisekelo seselashwa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo (njenge-alopecia areata) zihlala unomphela. Nakuba ukwelashwa kungamisa ukulahleka kwezinwele okuqhubekayo, kunzima ukukhulisa kabusha izinwele esezilahlekile kakade.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:
- Imithi:
- Imithi efana ne-'Minoxidil (Rogaine)' yokwelapha i-scalp dandruff.
- Amaphilisi afana ne-'Finasteride (Propecia)' abesilisa (lawa kufanele athathwe kuphela ngeseluleko sikadokotela).
- Imithi equkethe ama-steroid (ama-Corticosteroids) ezimweni ezifana ne-'Alopecia Areata'.
- Izindlela Zokwelapha Ezikhethekile (Izinqubo):
- Ukuxhunyelelwa Kwezinwele: Ukuthatha izinwele kwenye ingxenye yomzimba bese uzitshala ezindaweni ezingenalutho.
- Ukwelashwa okulula: Ukuvuselelwa kwezinwele ezinde kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwe-laser okuphansi.
- Ukwelashwa nge-plasma ecebile ngama-platelet (PRP): Ukujova i-plasma ekhishwe egazini lakho iye ekhanda ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kwezinwele.
- Ukushintsha umbala wesikhumba esikhaleni: Ukusebenzisa i-tattoo ehlala njalo ezindaweni ezinempandla ukuze kubonakale izinwele.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuthatha isikhathi. Kungathatha izinyanga ezi-3-6 ukubona imiphumela. Futhi, ungalandeli konke okuthengiswa "njengomuthi wokukhulisa izinwele ongcono kakhulu." Hlala ucela iseluleko kudokotela oqeqeshiwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa izinwele ezingu-50-100 ngosuku. Uma ulahlekelwa ngaphezu kwalokho, uphuma amabala, noma unezinye izimpawu, bona udokotela.
- Kunezizathu eziningi zokulahlekelwa izinwele. Kungaba ufuzo, ama-hormone, ukucindezeleka, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Uma imbangela isheshe itholakale, ukwelashwa kungaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Ngakho-ke, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona inkinga.
- Ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukugwema izitayela zezinwele eziyingozi, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yezinwele.
- Uma ukulahleka kwezinwele kungumthwalo omkhulu engqondweni yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho futhi. Ukukhululeka kwengqondo nakho kuyingxenye yokwelashwa. Ungalilahli ithemba!
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