Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi "unesimila" endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, ingabe umzimba wakho wonke awubanda? Into yokuqala efika engqondweni ukwesaba ukuthi "Ingabe lo mdlavuza?" Kodwa akuwona wonke amaqhubu angumdlavuza. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwesimila esingesona umdlavuza, kodwa esidinga ukunakekelwa. Leyo yi-adenoma.
Iyini ngempela i-adenoma?
Kalula nje, i-adenoma iyisimila esingesona umdlavuza (esingesihle) . Sakheka kusuka ezicutshini ze-epithelial, ezimboza izitho nezindlala zomzimba wethu. Lawa mathumba avame ukukhula ngamaqoqo. Uma ubhekisisa, abukeka njengamakhowe amancane anesiqu esincane.
I-adenoma uhlobo lokukhula olubizwa ngokuthi i-polyp. Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bayibiza ngokuthi i-adenomatous polyp .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ama-adenoma awawona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ama-adenoma amakhulu, angaphenduka umdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubhekwa udokotela ngalezi zifo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-adenomas?
Ama-adenoma akhula kakhulu ezindlaleni zomzimba wethu. Ama-gland akhiqiza futhi akhiphe amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone abalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemizimba yethu. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-adenoma. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwe-adenoma | Indawo yenzeke kuyo kanye nencazelo emfushane |
|---|---|
| Ama-adrenal adenoma | Lokhu kukhiqizwa ezindlaleni ze-adrenal ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso zethu. |
| Ama-adenoma ekholoni | Lezi uhlobo lwe-polyp olwakheka olwelwesini lwe-colon. Lezo ezinkulu kune-10 mm futhi ezibukeka njenge-cauliflower zibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-advanced adenoma'. |
| I-adenoma ye-Parathyroid | Lokhu kukhiqizwa ezindlaleni ze-parathyroid, ezitholakala eduze kwendlala ye-thyroid. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ye-parathyroid. |
| Ama-adenoma e-pituitary | Lokhu kukhulela endlaleni ye-pituitary ebuchosheni. Lawo amancane kune-1 cm abizwa ngokuthi ama-microadenomas, kanti lawo amakhulu kune-1 cm abizwa ngokuthi ama-macroadenomas. |
| Ama-adenoma e-Pleomorphic | Lokhu kukhiqizwa ezindlaleni zethu zamathe. |
| Ama-adenoma e-sebaceous (ama-adenoma ezindlala ze-sebaceous) | Lokhu kwenzeka ezindlaleni ezikhiqiza uwoyela ebusweni besikhumba. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-adenoma angaba "asebenzayo" noma "angasebenzi." I-adenoma esebenzayo ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kunalawo adingekayo. I-adenoma engasebenzi ayikhiqizi ama-hormone. Ngakho-ke uma une-adenoma engasebenzi, ungase ungabi nazimpawu.
Lezi zithelo zihlukaniswa ngokwendlela ezikhula ngayo.
Odokotela bahlukanisa lawa ma-adenoma ngokuwabheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope bese bewahlukanisa ngokwendlela yokwakheka kwamaseli. Lokhu kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukwelashwa.
| Iphethini yokukhula | Ukubukeka kanye nezici |
|---|---|
| I-Tubular | Zikhula zibe yindilinga noma zibe yi-oval. Zivame ukubonakala kuma-adenoma amancane kuno-0.5 inches. |
| I-Villous | Zikhula ngendlela egobile, ephithizelayo, njengembali yekhabishi. Le ndlela ivamile kuma-adenoma amakhulu. |
| I-Tubulovillous | Ingxube yazo zombili lezi zindlela ezingenhla. |
| I-Sessile | Ikhula ngaphandle kwesiqu, isesimweni esiyisicaba, inesisekelo esikhulu. |
| I-Serrated | Uma kubhekwa nge-microscope, kubonakala iphethini efana namazinyo esaha. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-adenoma?
Izimpawu zincike endaweni kanye nosayizi we-adenoma. Amanye ama-adenoma amancane angase angabingeli zimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala:
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile komzimba
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Ukopha kwegazi endulo
Kungani sithola ama-adenoma?
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu aqala ukukhula futhi ahlukane ngokungalawuleki. Ngokuvamile, amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu atshelwa ukuthi afe ngesikhathi esithile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukufa kweseli okuhleliwe . Uma le nqubo iphambuka, amangqamuzana ayahlangana futhi akhe amathumba. Amangqamuzana omdlavuza nawo akhula ngale ndlela. Kodwa-ke, ama-adenoma awanamandla njengamaseli omdlavuza futhi akhula kancane kakhulu.
Izinto ezandisa ingozi
Izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuthola i-adenoma.
- Ubudala: Abantu abaseminyakeni yabo yama-30 nama-40 banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-pituitary adenomas.
- Izinguquko zofuzo: Ezinye izimo zofuzo, njenge- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), zingabangela ama-adenoma. Lawa azuzwa njengefa.
- Isifo sofuzo: I-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)Ezinye izifo, njengalezo ezenzeka emindenini, nazo zandisa ingozi ye-adenoma.
- Ubulili: Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthuthukisa i-parathyroid adenomas kunabesilisa.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Udokotela wakho uzoqala akuhlole bese ebuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho, angase acele ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuqinisekisa lokhu.
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- Izikrini ze-MRI
- Ukuskena kwe-PET
Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu yi -biopsy . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu eqhubu bese uyithumela elabhorethri ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyi-adenoma noma enye into.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo, usayizi, kanye nendawo ye-adenoma.
- Imithi: Uma i-adenoma ibangela izinkinga zamahomoni, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokuyilawula.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ama-adenoma amakhulu ngokuvamile avame ukuba umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezifana nama-polyp amakhulu kuno-5 mm zisuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Futhi, ukuhlinzwa kunganconywa uma isimila sibangela ezinye izinkinga zempilo.
- Ukuqapha okusebenzayo: Uma i-adenoma incane kakhulu futhi ingabangeli izinkinga zempilo, udokotela wakho angase athathe indlela "yokubuka nokulinda". Lokhu kusho ukungayelapha, kodwa ukuqapha njalo isimila ukuze abone ukuthi siyashintsha yini.
Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?
Njengoba singenakukwazi ukulawula izici zofuzo ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwama-adenoma, asikwazi ukuzivimbela ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuthola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza njalo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele wenze lezi zivivinyo kangaki, ikakhulukazi uma usengozini yokuthola ama-adenoma.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinto zizosiza ukugcina impilo enhle iyonke:
- Ukugwema ukubhema
- Ukudla ukudla okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, kanye nokolweni ophelele
- Ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba
- Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-adenoma iyisimila esingeyona umdlavuza, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi ezinkulu, zingaba umdlavuza.
- Izimpawu aziveli ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha eminyakeni efanele, njenge-colonoscopy, kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ungesabi uma uthola ukuthi unesimila. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngokuthi siyini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngaso.
- Ngokwelashwa nokuqapha okufanele, i-adenoma iyisimo esilawulwa kahle.
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