'I-alamu' yomzimba yokukusindisa ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka: Ake sifunde nje nge-Adrenal Medulla!

Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni bese kuthi kungazelelwe inja igxume phezulu. Noma usuzothatha ukuhlolwa okubalulekile. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kukhuphuke ngokuzumayo, ujuluka, amehlo akho avuleke, futhi umzimba wakho wonke uqaphile ngokuzumayo, akunjalo? Ingxenye encane kodwa enamandla kakhulu yomzimba wakho ikulungiselela ngokushesha isimo esiphuthumayo noma ukucindezeleka okunjalo. Namuhla sikhuluma 'ngesikhungo sokuphendula esiphuthumayo' emzimbeni wethu, i-Adrenal Medulla.

Iyini i-Adrenal Medulla? Ikuphi?

Kalula nje, i-Adrenal Medulla iyingxenye engaphakathi kakhulu ye-Adrenal Glands emzimbeni wethu. Njengomgodi we-mango, i-Medulla ingaphakathi le-Adrenal Gland. Ama-Adrenal Glands ayizindlala ezimbili ezincane ezihlala phezu kwezinso zethu, njengezigqoko ezimbili.

I-adrenal gland ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-Adrenal Cortex: Lena yingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke ye-gland, etholakala ngaphandle.

2. I-Adrenal Medulla: Lena yingxenye encane engaphakathi kwe-gland esikhuluma ngayo namuhla.

Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zikhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-hormone. I-adrenal medulla ikhiqiza kakhulu ama-hormone alawula uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluzimele. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luhlelo olulawula izinto esingazilawuli ngamabomu, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, nokujuluka. Ngakho-ke indima ye-adrenal medulla ibaluleke kakhulu.

Iyini inkinga enkulu eyenzeka kule ngxenye encane?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Adrenal Medulla ukuphendula ekucindezelekeni . Okusho ukuthi, ukulungiselela imizimba yethu ukubhekana nesimo esiyingozi noma esiphuthumayo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi impendulo ethi 'Yilwa noma Yindiza' . NgesiSinhala, kusho "impendulo yokulwa noma ukubaleka".

Cabanga nje uma ubuhamba wedwa emgwaqweni ebusuku futhi uzizwe sengathi othile ukulandelayo, bekuzokwenzekani emzimbeni wakho?

• Isilinganiso senhliziyo sikhuphuka ngokuzumayo.
• Izinga lokuphefumula liyakhuphuka.
• Izimbotshana zamehlo ziba zinkulu futhi umbono uba bukhali.
• Igazi eliningi ligeleza liye emisipheni yemilenze, libanike amandla adingekayo ukuze bagijime noma balwe.
• Umuzwa wobuhlungu uyancipha okwesikhashana.

Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa ngenxa yeqembu lamahomoni abizwa ngokuthi ama-catecholamines, akhishwa yi-adrenal medulla. Yilezi ezenza 'isaziso esiphuthumayo' somzimba wethu sisebenze.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-catecholamine:

1. I-Adrenaline - Elinye igama lalokhu yi -Epinephrine .

2. I-Noradrenaline - Elinye igama lalokhu yi -Norepinephrine .

Ake sibheke kabanzi umsebenzi wala ma-hormone amabili.

Iyini isakhiwo se-Adrenal Medulla?

Lesi sitho esincane sinesakhiwo esikhethekile sokwenza umsebenzi waso ngendlela efanele.

• Ukunikezwa kwegazi: I-adrenal medulla inokunikezwa kwegazi okuningi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-hormone akhishwa esimweni esiphuthumayo kudingeka athunyelwe emzimbeni wonke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ithola igazi emagatsheni avela emithanjeni yegazi emikhulu njenge-aorta yesisu.
• Ukunikezwa kwemizwa: I-medulla ithola izimpawu ezivela ku-greater splanchnic nerve, eyingxenye yesimiso sethu sezinzwa esizimele. Lapho ubuchopho buthola isignali ethi "Ingozi, thatha isinyathelo manje!", i-medulla ivuselelwa ngale nzwa.
• Amaseli e-Chromaffin: Lawa uhlobo olukhethekile kakhulu lwamaseli ku-adrenal medulla. Lawa maseli aqukethe ama-granule amancane agcwele ama-hormone i-adrenaline ne-noradrenaline. Lapho kufika isignali yemizwa, lawa maseli akhipha amaphakethe awo ama-hormone ngqo egazini.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ku-Adrenal Medulla?

Izinkinga ze-adrenal medulla azivamile , kodwa zingaba yingozi empilweni uma zivela. Iningi lalezi zinkinga libangelwa izimila ezikhula ku-medulla. Iningi lalezi zimila azinawo umdlavuza (azinabungozi). Ngezinye izikhathi zingazuzwa njengefa.

Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaqhubu angabonakala.

Ziyini izimpawu zalolu hlobo lwenkinga?

Eziningi zalezi zimila zikhula kancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke zingase zingabangeli zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngezinye izikhathi, zitholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-CT noma i-MRI ukuze kutholakale esinye isimo (i-adrenal incidenticaloma) .

Kodwa-ke, lapho isimila siqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu, izimpawu zingase zivele. Ikakhulukazi i-PheochromocytomaKumuntu oneqhubu elinje, impendulo yomzimba ngisho nasesimeni esilula sokucindezeleka ingase iqiswe. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nento elula njengokugoba phambili noma ukudla ukudla okuthile kungabangela izimpawu eziyingozi. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme .

Izimpawu ezingase zivele enkingeni enjalo yilezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile (hyperhidrosis)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope)
• Ukuquleka

Uma izimpawu ezinjengalezi zivela ngokuzumayo, kubalulekile ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha .

Ezinye izimo ezingabangelwa ukungalingani kwama-hormone

Ama-hormone akhishwa yi-adrenal medulla (ikakhulukazi i-noradrenaline) ahlobene kakhulu nesimo sethu sengqondo kanye nempilo yengqondo. Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu ala ma-hormone isikhathi eside angabangela ezinye izinkinga zempilo yengqondo.

Nazi ezinye zezimo ezinjalo:

• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukucindezeleka
• Isifo sokwesaba
• Isifo sokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo (ADHD)
• Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
• Umlutha

Lokhu akusho ukuthi zonke lezi zifo zibangelwa inkinga nge-adrenal medulla. Kodwa-ke, ukungalingani kula ma-hormone kungabangela noma kukhulise lezi zimpawu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi zimo?

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ekuxilongweni kwakho kanye nobukhali bezimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga futhi akuncomele ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

• Ukwelashwa Kwenkinga Yomfutho Wegazi: Njengoba lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo, ukwelashwa kunikezwa esibhedlela ukuze kwehliswe ngokushesha umfutho wegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, imithi efana nama-vasodilator (imithi ekhulisa imithambo yegazi) inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi.
• Ukwelashwa kwezimila nomdlavuza: Izimila eziningi zidinga ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi indlala eyodwa noma zombili ze-adrenal kungadingeka zisuswe. Uma isimila sinomdlavuza, ukwelashwa okufana nemisebe noma i-chemotherapy nakho kungadingeka.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sigcine i-Adrenal Medulla iphilile?

Ukugcina umzimba wethu wonke uphilile kuzuzisa ukusebenza kwazo zonke izitho zomzimba, kufaka phakathi i-Adrenal Medulla. Ikakhulukazi, ukucindezeleka okungapheli kungasebenza kakhulu kulesi simiso futhi kubangele ukukhathala. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela lezi zinto.

• Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo: Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusiza kakhulu ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka.
• Ukudla okunomsoco: Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunemifino, izithelo kanye nokusanhlamvu okunomsoco.
• Ukuphuza amanzi anele: Amanzi abalulekile kuyo yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.
• Ukulawula ukucindezeleka: Thulisa ingqondo yakho ngokuzivocavoca okujulile kokuphefumula, ukuzindla, kanye nokuzibandakanya entweni oyithandayo.
• Ukunakekelwa Kokuvimbela: Hamba uyohlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha futhi unakekele impilo yakho yomzimba.

Uma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka ngezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, sicela uxhumane nodokotela wakho futhi nixoxe ngakho . Ikakhulukazi udokotela we-endocrinologist uzokunikeza isiqondiso esinembile kakhulu.

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