Ingabe uzizwa ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho uma uzikhandla, ukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma uhamba ngokushesha? Noma ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula? Lapho utshela udokotela wakho ngalokhu, ingabe wakutshela ukuthi wenze "Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca"? Kungenzeka ukuthi uzizwe wesaba futhi wethukile kancane lapho uzwa lelo gama. Lapho sizwa igama elithi "ukucindezeleka," sicabanga ngento enzima. Kodwa empeleni lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuvamile okusinika ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho, futhi kwenziwa njalo. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca?
Cabanga ngenjini yemoto yakho. Uma isanda kumiswa, ingase ibonakale isebenza kahle. Kodwa kuphela uma ukhuphuka intaba noma usheshisa lapho wazi khona ngempela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenjini. Kunjalo ngezinhliziyo zethu.
Uma sihleli nje futhi siphumule, inhliziyo ayinawo umthwalo omningi kuyo. Kodwa uma sizivocavoca, sigijima, noma sigxuma, ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu zidinga umoya-mpilo kanye negazi elengeziwe. Khona-ke inhliziyo kufanele isebenze ngokushesha nangokuzikhandla kunokujwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca kuhilela ukunikeza inhliziyo yakho inani elincane "lokuzivocavoca" noma "ukucindezeleka" endaweni elawulwayo nephephile bese uhlola ukuthi isabela kanjani. Lokhu kungasiza udokotela wakho afunde izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
- Inhliziyo yakho ikwazi kangakanani ukupompa igazi? - Ungabona ukuthi ikhono lokupompa lenhliziyo yakho liyancipha noma liyakhula uma uzivocavoca.
- Ingabe imisipha yenhliziyo ithola igazi elanele? - Uma imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni (imithambo ye-coronary) incishisiwe noma ivalekile, inhliziyo ingase ingabi negazi elanele ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakuthola lokhu.
- Ingabe izimpawu zakho zihlobene nenhliziyo? - Ungahlola ukuthi ubuhlungu besifuba sakho, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma isiyezi kwenzeka yini ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Uma kunjalo, kungaba yinkinga yenhliziyo.
- Unjani umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo? - Ungahlola ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba okungajwayelekile noma cha lapho uzivocavoca.
Kalula nje, lokhu kufana "nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka" kwenhliziyo yakho.
Ubani ofuna ukwenza lolu vivinyo?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza udokotela akuncomele lokhu kuhlolwa. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba nezimpawu zenhliziyo | Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina (okubizwa nangokuthi i-angina ) lapho uzivocavoca, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile ( i-arrhythmia ), noma isiyezi, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela yalezo zimpawu. |
| Ukuba sengozini yesifo senhliziyo | Uma unesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, ubhema, noma uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane, nawe usengozini yokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni inkinga ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. |
| Ukulinganisa impumelelo yokwelashwa | Uma usuvele uthola ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo (njengemithi, ukufakwa kwe-stent, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass), lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kangakanani nokuthi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kuthuthukile yini. |
| Ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca | Ikakhulukazi uma umuntu onesifo senhliziyo eqala ukuzivocavoca okokuqala, ulwazi olutholakala kulolu vivinyo lubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi hlobo luni lokuzivocavoca olufanele yena nokuthi angalwenza isikhathi esingakanani. |
| Ukuhlola ukufaneleka kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa nokuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho inamandla ngokwanele yini ukumelana nokucindezeleka kokuhlinzwa okungeyona eyenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu. |
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka.
Akuwona wonke umuntu ohlolwa ngendlela efanayo. Uhlobo lokuhlolwa olutholayo lungahluka kuye ngesimo sakho, izimpawu, kanye nolwazi udokotela wakho okudingeka alwazi.
1. Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu noluyisisekelo. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi izitikha ezincane (ama-electrode) zinamathele esifubeni nasezingalweni zakho, futhi zixhunywe emshinini we-`EKG` (Electrocardiogram). Ngemuva kwalokho ucelwa ukuba uhambe nge-treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashukumi. Ijubane kanye nokuthambekela kwe-treadmill (njengokukhuphuka intaba) kuyakhula kancane kancane. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umshini we-`EKG` uyaqhubeka nokuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Uphinde ulinganise umfutho wegazi lakho ngezikhathi ezithile.
2. Ukucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca I-Echocardiogram
Lokhu ukuhlolwa okunemininingwane eminingi kancane kunokwangaphambilini. Kuhilela ukwenza i-'Echocardiogram' (ukuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound) yenhliziyo yakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuzivocavoca okuphezulu.
Kalula nje, 'i-echo' ingabona ngokubonakalayo ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ifinyela kanjani, ukuthi ama-valve asebenza kanjani, kanye nendlela igazi eligeleza ngayo. Uma ingxenye yenhliziyo incishwa igazi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, ukufinyela kwemisipha kuleyo ngxenye kuba buthakathaka. Lokhu kungabonakala ngokucacile ngalesi skeni.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuwusizo kakhulu ezimweni lapho imiphumela ye-EKG evamile ingacaci khona.
3. Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kwenuzi
Leli gama lingase lizwakale liyesabeka kancane, kodwa lisebenzisa into enomsebe ophephile kakhulu, enomthamo ophansi. Le nto ifakwa emthanjeni wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikhamera ekhethekile (i-SPECT noma i-PET scan) ithatha izithombe zegazi eligeleza enhliziyweni yakho ngenkathi uphumule.
Okulandelayo, uzivocavoca ku-treadmill. Ngemva kokuqeda ukuzivocavoca, ikhamera ithatha izithombe futhi. Manje udokotela angaqhathanisa izithombe ezithathwe ngesikhathi sokuphumula nezithombe ezithathwe ngemva kokuzivocavoca. Uma umthambo wegazi uvaliwe, ukuphakelwa kwegazi engxenyeni yemisipha yenhliziyo enikezwa yilowo mthambo kuncipha ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Lokhu kungabonakala ngokucacile ezithombeni. Lokhu kunganikeza ukuhlolwa okunembile kakhulu kobunzima bokuvinjelwa kwemithambo yenhliziyo.
Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ulungiselele kahle ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Ukudla Nokuphuza: Ungadli noma uphuze lutho amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kulungile ukuphuza amanzi amancane. Ikakhulukazi uma wenza i-'Nuclear Stress Test', ungase ucelwe ukuba uzile ukudla kuze kube yilapho ukuhlolwa kuphelile.
- Gwema i-caffeine:Ungaphuzi lutho oluqukethe i-caffeine, njengekhofi, itiye, ushokoledi, noma ezinye iziphuzo zamandla, amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. I-caffeine ingashintsha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi ingathinta imiphumela.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ungabhemi ngosuku lokuhlolwa.
- Buza udokotela wakho ngemithi: Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile ovame ukuyithatha (isibonelo, imithi yenhliziyo efana ne-beta-blockers, eminye imithi yokufutha i-asthma) ngosuku lokuhlolwa. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi wedwa. Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho futhi ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
- Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela: Uma uphuza imithi yesifo sikashukela, ukuzila ukudla kungaba yinkinga. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho wesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze uthole iseluleko sokuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yakho nokudla ngalolo suku. Uma une-glucose monitor, yiphathe nawe.
- Izingubo: Gqoka izingubo ezilula nezikhululekile kanye nezicathulo zokuhamba ezikhululekile (njengezicathulo ze-canvas noma izicathulo zezemidlalo).
- Hlala uzolile: Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane uma usuzothatha isivivinyo. Kodwa uma ukhathazekile kakhulu, izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kungashintsha futhi kuthinte imiphumela. Ngakho zama ukuhlala uzolile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Uma uya elabhorethri, umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe uzoqala alinganise futhi aqophe umfutho wegazi lakho ophumulayo kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Bese benamathisela ama-electrode esifubeni nasezingalweni zakho azoxhuma kwi-EKG.
Okulandelayo, uzocelwa ukuthi ungene ku-treadmill. Kuqala kancane, njengokuhamba endaweni eyisicaba. Njalo ngemizuzu embalwa, isikhulu esiphethe sizokwandisa kancane kancane isivinini kanye nokuthambekela kwe-treadmill. Isikhathi ngasinye, bazobuza, "Uzizwa kanjani?" "Ingabe unenkinga?" Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma isiyezi, kufanele ubatshele ngokushesha.
Uma usufinyelele izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliqondiwe elinqunywa ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho kanye nezinga lokufaneleka komzimba, uzoligcina lelo zinga imizuzu embalwa bese uyeka ukuhlolwa. Ingxenye yokuzivocavoca ivame ukuhlala cishe imizuzu eyi-10-15. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nezimpawu ezinzima ngaphambi kwaleso sikhathi noma uma uthi awukwazi ukukwenza, ukuhlolwa kuzomiswa kusenesikhathi.
Uyenza kanjani le test kumuntu ongakwazi ukuzivocavoca?
Cabanga ngomuntu ongakwazi ukuhamba ku-treadmill ngenxa yokulimala kwamalunga noma esinye isizathu. Ngisho nabantu abanjalo bangenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, ulaliswa embhedeni bese kufakwa umuthi emthanjeni. Lo muthi wenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokushesha, njengalapho uzivocavoca. Ngale ndlela, inhliziyo inikezwa "amandla" (ukucindezeleka) ngokwenziwa.
Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, bazokuqapha cishe imizuzu eyi-15 kuze kube yilapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Uma konke sekujwayelekile, ungaya ekhaya.
Ithini imiphumela yokuhlolwa?
Uma usuthole umbiko wokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzowuhlaziya bese ekuchazela wona. Imiphumela ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Uma imiphumela ijwayelekile...
Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isabela kahle ekuzivocavoceni, ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ithola igazi elilidingayo, nokuthi izimpawu zakho azibangelwa inkinga enkulu yenhliziyo.
- Uma ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu zakho: Ubuhlungu besifuba sakho bungabangelwa okunye, njengokucindezeleka noma isifo sofuba. Udokotela wakho uzoyala ezinye izivivinyo ukuze athole.
- Uma kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuvivinya umzimba noma ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho inamandla ngokwanele ukuqala uhlelo lokuvivinya umzimba noma ukuhlinzwa.
Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile...
Umphumela ongavamile usho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ibe nenkinga ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, okungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo.
- Izinguquko ku-EKG: Uma igazi lingahambi kahle enhliziyweni (ischemia), i-EKG ikhombisa izinguquko ezithile.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba: Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba ngenkathi uzivocavoca, kungaba uphawu lokuthi imithambo yenhliziyo ivalekile.
- Ukwehluka komfutho wegazi: Umfutho wegazi ongakhuphuki noma ongawi kahle ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca nawo ungaba yinkinga.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungakhathazeki ngomphumela ongavamile. Akusho ukuthi uzoba nesifo senhliziyo. Kusho ukuthi kunenkinga ngenhliziyo yakho okudingeka siyinake futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.
Uma kutholakala umphumela ongavamile, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze ngokulandelayo.
- Izinguquko ezincane zifaka: izinguquko zendlela yokuphila (ukuyeka ukubhema, ukulawula ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba) kanye nemithi yokulawula i-cholesterol kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- Izinguquko ezinkulu yilezi:Ezinye izivivinyo zingase ziqondiswe ukuqinisekisa inkinga futhi zibone kahle ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kukuphi. Isibonelo, ungase uthunyelwe okuthile okufana ne-'CT Coronary Angiography' (i-CT scan) noma i-'Cardiac Catheterization' (i-angiogram test).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca akumelwe ukwesabe. Kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu futhi evamile yokuhlola impilo yenhliziyo yakho.
- Lokhu kuwusizo olukhulu ekunqumeni ukuthi isifo senhliziyo siyimbangela yobuhlungu besifuba kanye nokuphelelwa umoya okwenzekayo lapho uzivocavoca.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela (ukuzila ukudla, ukuyeka imithi ethile) ngaphambi nje kokuhlolwa ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile.
- Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, yazisa izikhulu eziphethe ngokushesha.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imiphumela ijwayelekile noma ayijwayelekile, ungesabi, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola ukuqonda okucacile ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo okufanele uzithathe.
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