Ingabe izivikelo zomzimba wakho zibuthakathaka? Ake sifunde nge-agranulocytosis.

Ingabe uvame ukuba nomkhuhlane nomkhuhlane bese uzizwa ugula kakhulu? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nesifo esincane singaba sibi kakhulu futhi kuthathe isikhathi eside ukululama? Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kungaba ubuthakathaka ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba wakho, okungukuthi, ibutho elisivikela ezifweni. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esingasolwa ngezikhathi ezinjalo, esingaba yingozi kancane, kodwa esingelashwa.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Agranulocytosis?

I-Agranulocytosis (ebizwa ngokuthi: "a-gra-nu-lo-cy-to-sis") yisimo esisongela ukuphila lapho inani lama-neutrophils, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi, egazini lethu lincipha kakhulu.

Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu ifana nezwe. Khona-ke amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ayibutho elivikela lelo zwe. Kunezimpi ezahlukene kuleli butho. Phakathi kwazo , ama-neutrophil ayiqembu elikhethekile lama-commando eliya ukuhlasela amagciwane ngokushesha nje lapho liwabona . Ngakho-ke lapho inani lala ma-commando lehla kakhulu, ngisho negciwane elincane elivela ngaphandle lingahlasela kalula imizimba yethu futhi lisigulise.

Lesi simo singakwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka okukhulu, ngisho namagciwane angasilimazi.

Ngakho-ke umehluko uyini phakathi kwe-Neutropenia ne-Agranulocytosis?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa negama elithi neutropenia. Nakuba lokhu okubili kuzwakala kufana, kunomehluko omncane.

• I-Neutropenia: Noma yisiphi isimo lapho inani lama-neutrophil liphansi kunokuvamile.
• I-Agranulocytosis: Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu noluyingozi kakhulu lwe-neutropenia.

Kalula nje, uma amazinga e-neutrophil ehla kakhulu, sikubiza ngokuthi i-Agranulocytosis.

Yiziphi izizathu zalesi simo?

I-Agranulocytosis ingenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.

1. I-Agranulocytosis Ezuzwe Njengefa: Lokhu kubangelwa yiphutha kuma-gene enza ama-neutrophil. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu futhi kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane nasezinganeni.

2. I-Agranulocytosis Etholakale: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Kungaba nezimbangela eziningana zalokhu. Kodwa cishe ezimweni ezingama-70%, kuba umphumela wemithi ethile esiyithathayo. Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu kubantu abadala.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-agranulocytosis elandelayo

• Imithi ethile: Lesi simo singabangelwa yimithi efana namanye ama-antibiotic, imithi yezifo zengqondo (isb. i-clozapine), kanye nemithi yezinkinga ze-thyroid (isb. i-methimazole).
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza ebhujiswa, ama-neutrophil, angamaseli aphilile ahlukana ngokushesha, nawo angonakala.
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wethu eziphatha kabi futhi ehlasela amangqamuzana awo anempilo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izifo ezifana ne-Lupus kanye ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis.
• Izifo Zomnkantsha Wamathambo: Umnkantsha wamathambo uyifektri ekhiqiza wonke amangqamuzana ethu egazi. Ngakho-ke, izifo ezithinta le fektri, njengomdlavuza ofana ne-leukemia noma i-aplastic anemia, zingaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-neutrophil.
• Ezinye izifo: Lesi simo singabangelwa nayizifo ezinzima ezifana nomalaleveva nesifo sofuba.
• Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo: Le ngozi ikhona futhi nokuntuleka kwesikhathi eside kwezakhamzimba ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kanye ne-folate.
• Amakhemikhali anobuthi: Ukungenisa amakhemikhali anobuthi njenge-lead noma i-mercury.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-agranulocytosis?

Ngenxa yenani eliphansi lama-neutrophil, izimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi simo yilezo zokutheleleka . Lokhu kungavela ngokuzumayo noma kukhule kancane kancane.

Izici eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo yilezi:

• Ukuzizwa ubanda kakhulu, uqhaqhazela, futhi unomkhuhlane .
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kanye nesilinganiso sokuphefumula.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ubuthakathaka emzimbeni obungekho ngaphambili .
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, izinsini ezivuvukile nezopha igazi.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya ngenxa yezilonda emlonyeni nasemphinjeni .
• Ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi (i-hypotension) okuholela emizweni yokuquleka kanye nesiyezi.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?

Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, ikakhulukazi uma unezifo ezithelelanayo njalo, udokotela uzokuxilonga. Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi unalesi simo yini ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-FBC).

Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa inani eliqondile lama-neutrophil egazini lakho. Uma inani lama-neutrophil lingaphansi kuka-100 nge-microliter ngayinye, kutholakala ukuthi yi-Agranulocytosis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola imbangela.

• I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga emnkantsheni wethambo, ifektri eyenza amangqamuzana egazi.
• Ukuhlolwa Kofuzo: Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi lesi yisimo sokuzalwa naso, ungathunyelwa kulolu vivinyo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-agranulocytosis?

Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esiyingozi, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo. Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yini ebangela lesi simo.

• Ukuyeka Umuthi Obangela Isifo: Uma imbangela yalesi simo kuyimithi oyiphuzayo, into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukuyeka ukuthatha lowo muthi. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho wedwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho futhi ulandela imiyalelo yakhe ukuze wenze kanjalo ngokuphephile.

• Ama-antibiotic: Uma usuvele unegciwane emzimbeni wakho, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic anamandla okulwa nalo.

• Imijovo ye-G-CSF: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF). Le mijovo ivuselela umongo wethambo futhi isize ukuthi ikhiqize amaseli e-neutrophil ngokushesha.

• Ama-immunosuppressants: Uma imbangela kuyisifo sokuzivikela komzimba, imithi efana ne-prednisone inganikezwa ukuze kuthuliswe isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somzimba esisebenza ngokweqile.

• Ukufakelwa Komnkantsha Wamathambo: Uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli, ukufakelwa umnkantsha wamathambo kumuntu ophilile kungenziwa njengesisombululo sokugcina.

Ngingazivikela kanjani ezifweni ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema izifo lapho welapha umuntu onalesi simo.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
• Nciphisa ukuya ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gqoka imaski yobuso uma uphuma.
• Yidla ukudla okuphekiwe kahle nokuhlanzekile kuphela.

Kungenzeka yini ukululama ngokuphelele kulesi simo?

Yebo, isikhathi esiningi kungenzeka. Isikhathi sokululama sincike embangela.

Uma imbangela kuyimithi, inani lama-neutrophil livame ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile zingakapheli isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu ngemva kokuyeka imithi.

Uma sitholakale futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, lesi simo singalawulwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma singelashwa, singaholela ezifweni ezinzima kanye nezimo ezisongela ukuphila njenge- sepsis . Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 kanye nalabo abanezinye izifo zenhliziyo, izinso, noma zamaphaphu basengozini enkulu yezinkinga.