Ake sithole ngamazinga akho e-ammonia. Ingabe lokhu kungaba yingozi?

Kunezinto eziningi ezenzeka emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo? Izinto esizidlayo nesiziphuzayo ziyagaywa, kukhiqizwe amandla, futhi kukhiqizwe nemfucuza. Ngakho-ke, le ammonia ingenye yemfucuza ekhiqizwa emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa uma ingakhishwa kahle, ingabangela izinkinga ezithile. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale ammonia, ukuthi kungani ingaba yingozi, nokuthi singayilawula kanjani.

Iyini i-ammonia? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-ammonia, noma (i-NH3), iwumkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa amabhaktheriya emathunjini ethu lapho sigaya amaprotheni esiwadlayo. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthile okusele ekugayeni ukudla. Ngakho-ke, uyazi ukuthi kuvame ukwenzekani? Le ammonia iya esibindini sethu. Isibindi sifana nefektri emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Lapho, le ammonia iyacutshungulwa futhi iguqulwe ibe omunye umkhiqizo ongcolile obizwa ngokuthi i-urea . Bese, le urea iya ezinso zethu, lapho ikhishwa khona emchameni. Le nqubo yonke ibizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo we-urea .

Kodwa, ake ucabange uma kunenkinga kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yalo mjikelezo we-urea, kungaba yisibindi, izinso, noma okunye okusiza kule nqubo, khona-ke i-ammonia ayicutshungulwa kahle futhi ayikhishwa. Uma lokho kwenzeka, i-ammonia iqala ukuqongelela egazini. Uma isiqongelela, ingaphinde isuke egazini iye ebuchosheni. Inani le-ammonia okufanele libe segazini lethu liphansi kakhulu . Uma ikhula ngisho nakancane, okungukuthi, uma kwenzeka isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperammonemia , siyingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS). Okusho ukuthi, siyingozi.

Ingakanani i-ammonia okufanele ibe emzimbeni?

Manje, inani le-ammonia okufanele libe segazini lomuntu ophilile liyahlukahluka ngokweminyaka. Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zinenani elingaphezulu kancane kulabantu abadala. Futhi, ukuthi ingane yazalwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi nakho kuyayithinta.

• Izinsana ezinempilo ezisanda kuzalwa : Cishe ama-micromoles angu-45±9 ngelitha ngalinye / i-micromol/L. Ngokuvamile, umkhawulo ophezulu uphakathi kwama-micromol angu-80 no-90.
• Izinsana ezingaphambi kwesikhathi : Cishe 71±26 micromol/L. Lokhu kwehla kube amazinga ajwayelekile ngemva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
• Izingane ezingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa : Ngaphansi kwama-micromol angu-50/L.
• Abantu abadala : Ngaphansi kwama-micromol angu-30/L.

Kodwa into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule. Lawa manani angahluka kancane kusuka elabhorethri kuya kwelebhu. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuwaqhathanisa namanani asembikweni wakho welabhorethri. Uma kukhona inkinga,Qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi.

Ingakanani ingozi ye-ammonia ezingeni eliphezulu?

I-Ammonia iyisithako esinobuthi kakhulu . Ngokuvamile, izinga le-ammonia egazini lomuntu omdala onempilo lingaphansi kwama-micromoles angu-50 ngelitha (i-micromol/L). Kodwa-ke, noma lokhu kunganda kufike kuma-micromoles ayi-100 ngelitha (i-100 micromol/L), izinguquko ekuqondeni zingaqala ukwenzeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuba nzima ukugxila, futhi ungase udideke kancane. Uma izinga le-ammonia egazini lifinyelela kuma-micromol angu-200/L, ungase ube ne-coma futhi ube nokuxhuzula. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu futhi kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Ungahlola kanjani amazinga e-ammonia emzimbeni?

Udokotela wakho angalinganisa amazinga akho e-ammonia ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Kubantu abadala, lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuthatha inani elincane legazi elivela emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Kubantwana abasanda kuzalwa, udokotela uzohlanza isithende somntwana, asihlabe ngenaliti encane, bese ethatha amaconsi ambalwa egazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ibhandishi elincane phezu kwendawo. Lokhu kufana nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile.

Ziyini izimpawu zamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia?

Uma amazinga akho e-ammonia egazini ekhuphuka, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukudideka nokudideka
• Ukulala ngokweqile, ubunzima bokuvuka
• Izinguquko ekuqondeni, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi
• Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, ukucasuka, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwa
• Ukuthuthumela kwesandla, ikakhulukazi uma welula ingalo phambili
• I-Coma - Isimo sokungazi lutho nokungaphenduli

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe enalezi zimpawu, ungachithi isikhathi bese ushayela isevisi ye-ambulensi ku-1990, noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwanda kwamazinga e-ammonia kungaba yingozi empilweni, ngakho-ke kudingeka usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zomntwana osanda kuzalwa

Uma umntwana osanda kuzalwa ebonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa, udokotela angase ahlole amazinga e-ammonia:

• Ukungahlaliseki njalo, ukukhala njalo, kanye nokungafuni ukuphuza ubisi (Ukucasuka)
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukozela, ukudinwa, ubunzima bokuvuka
• Ukuquleka

Uma ingane inalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Kungani amazinga e-ammonia emzimbeni ekhuphuka kangaka?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi amazinga e-ammonia egazini angakhuphuka. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini:

• Isifo sesibindi:Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko . Uma isibindi sakho sonakele, njengesifo sokuqina kwesibindi, isibindi asikwazi ukususa i-ammonia kahle. Lokhu kuvame ukuba njalo ngesifo sesibindi esibi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe isifo sesibindi sizinzile, uma kwenzeka okuthile esiswini noma emathunjini, njengokuphuma kwegazi esiswini, noma ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, amazinga e-ammonia angakhuphuka ngokuzumayo.

• Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi esibindini: Uma isibindi singatholi igazi elanele, i-ammonia ayinayo indlela yokufinyelela esibindini bese ihlanzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-ammonia iyanda egazini.

• I-Hepatic encephalopathy: Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kalula nje, uma isibindi sinesifo noma sonakele futhi singakwazi ukususa i-ammonia kahle, i-ammonia iyanqwabelana egazini bese iya ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangela ukudideka, ukudideka, kanye nokuquleka. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi.

• I-Reye's syndrome: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu esithinta igazi, ubuchopho nesibindi. Ngokuvamile sibangela amazinga aphezulu e-ammonia egazini kanye namazinga aphansi kashukela egazini. Sivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha abaphuze i-aspirin ngenxa yezimpawu ngesikhathi besalulama esifweni esibangelwa amagciwane njenge-chickenpox noma i-influenza (flu). Imbangela eqondile ye-Reye's syndrome ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yale ngozi, izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha akufanele baphuze i-aspirin ngaphandle kokuthi kunconywe udokotela ngokuqondile.

• Ukwehluleka kwezinso/kwezinso: Uma izinso zakho zingasebenzi kahle, okusho ukuthi ziyahluleka, azikwazi ukususa i-urea ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-ammonia iqongeleleke egazini.

• Izifo zofuzo zomjikelezo we-urea: Kunezifo zofuzo ezingavamile kakhulu. Lezi zibangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-enzyme eyodwa edingekayo emjikelezweni we-urea. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala lapho kuzalwa.

• Isifo se-hemolytic sosana olusanda kuzalwa: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umama okhulelwe enza ama-antibodies ngokumelene namaseli egazi lomntwana wakhe. Lesi simo singavinjelwa. Uma ungenayo i-Rh futhi ungakaze uzwele ngaphambili, ungathatha umuthi ovimba ama-antibodies akho ukuthi angasabelani namaseli e-Rh-positive engane yakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha amazinga aphezulu e-ammonia?

Ukwelashwa kwamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia kuncike embangela. Isibonelo, kumuntu omdala, kungaba ngenxa yesifo sesibindi noma i-hepatic encephalopathy, kanti kosana olusanda kuzalwa, kungaba ngenxa yesimo sokuzalwa esiphazamisa umjikelezo we-urea.

Lapho welapha i-hyperammonemia ebukhali, ukugxila okuyinhloko ukunciphisa amazinga e-ammonia nokulawula izinkinga ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngaphakathi kobuchopho.

Uma izinga le-ammonia losana olusanda kuzalwa likhuphuka, odokotela bayayeka ukulinika iphrotheni (ngoba i-ammonia ikhiqizwa lapho iphrotheni igaywa). Kunalokho, balinika izixazululo ze-glucose ukuze linikeze amandla. Basebenzisa nokwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-hemodialysis ukususa i-ammonia egazini lomntwana. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlanza igazi kusetshenziswa umshini okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi umshini wokuhlaziya kanye nesihlungi, njengesinso sokwenziwa.

Lapho welapha i-hepatic encephalopathy, umgomo uwukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia emathunjini. Umugqa wokuqala wokwelashwa yimithi yomlomo ebizwa ngokuthi i-lactulose kanye ne-lactitol . Lawa shukela anciphisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokumuncwa kwe-ammonia emathunjini.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana namazinga ami e-ammonia?

Lokhu kusobala kakhulu. Uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe ebhekene nezimpawu zamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia egazini, njengokudideka okukhulunywe ngakho ngaphambilini, ukozela okuqhubekayo, kanye nezinguquko engqondweni, shayela u-911 ngokushesha, noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu akuyona into yokulibazisa.

Uma unesifo sesibindi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isibindi sakho sikhipha i-ammonia ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

Nakuba kuyinto evamile ukuthi imizimba yethu ikhiqize i-ammonia njengomkhiqizo ongcolile, kungaba yingozi kakhulu uma inqwabelana egazini ngokweqile.

Uma wena noma othile oseduze nawe enezimpawu zamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia (isibonelo, ukudideka, ukozela ngokweqile, izinguquko zokuziphatha), hamba uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokulibala. Lokhu kungaba isimo esithinta impilo noma ukufa.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu uma unesifo sesibindi, njengoba lokhu kungandisa ingozi yamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nengozi yamazinga aphezulu e-ammonia, noma yini enye ongathanda ukuyazi, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Bakhona ukukusiza nokuphendula imibuzo yakho. Ukuhlala uphilile kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu!

I- Ammonia, Amazinga e-Ammonia, Isibindi, Izinso, Umjikelezo we-Urea, I-Hepatic Encephalopathy, I-Reye's Syndrome, Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi, I-Hyperammonemia