Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake wahlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yamathumbu akho, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-heart bypass? Uma lokho kwenzeka, wake wazibuza ukuthi ungawaxhumanisa kanjani kabusha la malungu amabili anqunyiwe futhi asuswa? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-anastomosis' kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi kubalulekile ekuhlinzeni okuningi. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngakho ngendlela elula namuhla.
Kuyini i-anastomosis?
Kalula nje, i-anastomosis iwukuxhumana phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthi imifula emibili ihlangana kuphi, noma lapho amapayipi amabili amanzi ngaphansi komgwaqo ehlangana khona. Imizimba yethu inezixhumanisi eziningi ezenzeka ngokwemvelo, noma ama-anastomoses emvelo. Isibonelo, inethiwekhi yemithambo yethu yegazi (imithambo yegazi) exhumana, kanye nomgudu wethu wokugaya ukudla - okungukuthi, indlela umphimbo oxhumana ngayo nesisu, kanye nesisu namathumbu - konke lokhu kuyi-anastomoses yemvelo.
Kodwa kwezokwelapha, sisebenzisa kakhulu leli gama elisho ukuxhumana okwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa. Odokotela abahlinzayo bavame ukuxhuma imithambo yegazi ehlukene emzimbeni.
Kungani i-Anastomosis ibalulekile ekuhlinzeni?
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Uma ipayipi emzimbeni wakho (njengethumbu noma umthambo wegazi) lonakele, odokotela kufanele basuse ingxenye eyonakele. Bese kufanele baxhumanise kabusha iziphetho ezimbili ezisele ezinempilo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukugeleza kwezinto (ukudla noma igazi) kulelo payipi kuzoma. Yilokho okwenziwa yi-anastomosis.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma into inamathela epayipini, okungukuthi, kuvela ukuvaleka, kufanele kudalwe indlela entsha ukuze kugwenywe lokho kuvinjelwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvinjelwa. Kuleso simo, futhi, kwakheka uxhumano olusha, olubizwa ngokuthi i-anastomosis, phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbili zepayipi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuvinjelwa.
Kalula nje, kufana nokulungisa umgwaqo ophukile, ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlinzwa eziyinhloko ezenza lezi zinhlobo zokuxhuma?
I-Anastomosis isetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa. Ake sibheke ezinye zezibonelo ezivame kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kwenzekani nje |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa Kwamathumbu | Uma ingxenye yamathumbu amancane noma ikholoni isuswa ngenxa yomdlavuza noma esinye isifo, iziphetho ezimbili ezisele ezinempilo ziyaxhunyaniswa kabusha ukuze kubuyiselwe umgudu wokugaya ukudla. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Arterial Bypass) | Uma umthambo wegazi enhliziyweni noma emilenzeni uvalekile, kwakhiwa indlela entsha yokugwema ukuvaleka. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba bese uluxhuma endaweni evalekile, kokubili ohlangothini oluphambene nalolo oluphambene. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kokwehlisa isisindo (i-Gastric Bypass) | Kudalwa ukuxhumana okusha ukuze kudlule ingxenye yesisu futhi kuthunyelwe ukudla ngqo engxenyeni engezansi yamathumbu. Lokhu kunciphisa ukumuncwa kokudla futhi kusiza ekunciphiseni isisindo. |
| Ukufinyelela ku-Dialysis kweziguli zezinso | Ukuze kwenziwe i-hemodialysis kumuntu onenkinga yezinso, kwakheka i-arteriovenous fistula phakathi komthambo nomthambo engalweni ukuze umshini we-dialysis ukwazi ukuxhumeka kalula. Lokhu futhi kuyi-anastomosis. |
| Ukufakelwa Kwezitho Zomzimba | Uma isitho esisha, njengesinso noma isibindi, sitshalwa emzimbeni, yonke imithambo yegazi kanye nezinye izixhumanisi ezithwala igazi ukuya nokubuya kuleso sitho kumele ziphinde zimiswe. Ukuhlinzwa okuningana kwe-anastomosis kwenziwa lapha. |
Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokwenza i-anastomosis?
Odokotela abahlinzayo benza lokhu kuxhumana ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko. Kufana nezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlanganisa amapayipi.
- I-anastomosis yokuphela kwesisu: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlanganisa iziphetho ezivulekile zamapayipi amabili ndawonye, zibhekane, ukuze kwakheke ipayipi elilodwa, eliqhubekayo. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kuhlanganiswa amathumbu.
- I-anastomosis ehlangothini kuya kwelinye:Okwenzayo lapha ukubeka amapayipi amabili eceleni, wenze izimbobo ezinhlangothini zombili, bese uwaxhumanisa ndawonye. Izinhlangothi ezimbili zamapayipi zivaliwe.
- I-anastomosis yokuphela kohlangothi: Kule ndlela, ingxenye evulekile yepayipi elilodwa ilethwa ohlangothini lwepayipi elinye bese ixhunywa.
Zikhona yini izimo lapho i-anastomosis ingafaneleki khona?
Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukwenza lokhu kuxhumana ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ikakhulukazi ekuhlinzweni kwamathumbu, uma izingxenye zezicubu ezizoxhunywa zivuvukele futhi zibuthakathaka ngenxa yokutheleleka noma isifo, uma kwenziwa i-anastomosis ngaleso sikhathi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ingapholi kahle bese ivuza kamuva.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela banikeza izicubu isikhathi sokuphulukiswa bese benza i -'ostomy' okwesikhashana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa yamathumbu ikhishwa ngesikhumba sesisu bese kufakwa isikhwama ukuze kuqoqwe indle. Kamuva, ngemva kokuba izicubu sezipholile kahle, kwenziwa olunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-ostomy futhi kuxhunywe amathumbu amabili ngaphakathi (i-anastomosis).
Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezivamile ezifana nokopha, amahlule egazi, kanye nokutheleleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu eziqondene ngqo ne-anastomosis.
| Inkinga | Kusho ukuthini lokho futhi kwenzani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuncipha koxhumano (i-Anastomotic Stricture / Stenosis) | Izicubu zezibazi ezakheka njengoba uxhumano luphola zinganciphisa indlela yokungena, kwenze kube nzima ukuthi ukudla noma igazi kudlule. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungalungiswa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa ngokufaka idivayisi, njengebhaluni, endleleni yokungena bese uyivula. |
| Ukuvuza kwe-Anastomotic | Lena inkinga ebucayi kakhulu . Uma iziphetho ezimbili zepayipi zingaxhunywanga kahle, okuqukethwe (isib. indle evela emathunjini) kungavuza emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kudinga ukubonwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha. Kungadinga ngisho nokuhlinzwa okwengeziwe. |
I-Anastomosis iyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile emhlabeni wokuhlinzwa. Kungenxa yale ndlela ukuthi ukuhlinzwa okuningi kuyaphumelela futhi iziguli ziyakwazi ukuphila impilo enempilo futhi. Odokotela abahlinzayo basebenzisa amasu namathuluzi ahlukahlukene ukuze lokhu kuphumelele futhi baphathe izinkinga uma zenzeka. Ngakho-ke, iningi lokuhlinzwa liyaphumelela ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anastomosis ukuhlanganiswa kabusha kwezingxenye ezimbili zamapayipi omzimba (njengamathumbu, imithambo yegazi, njll.).
- Lokhu kubalulekile ezinqubweni eziningi zokuhlinzwa, njengokususwa kwamathumbu, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bypass, kanye nokufakelwa izitho zomzimba.
- Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphumelela, kunezingozi ezincane, njengokuvuza noma ukuqina endaweni yokuxhumana.
- Uma wenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nganoma yimuphi umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, ukuqunjelwa, noma ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile ezenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.
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