Ingabe amehlo akho nawo aphendukela ngaphandle? Ake sixoxe nge-exotropia!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho encane, noma mhlawumbe othile omaziyo, inamehlo elilodwa noma womabili abheke ngaphandle kancane, ngasezindlebeni? Noma ingabe ivala iso elilodwa ngenkathi ibukele i-TV noma lapho ingaphandle elangeni elikhanyayo? Ngezinye izikhathi ungayibona igoba ikhanda layo eceleni. Lezi ezinye zezimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Exotropia" esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abanayo, futhi ake sixoxe ngayo ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-exotropia?

I-Exotropia (ebizwa ngokuthi "ex-so-tro-pee-ya") iwukungalungi kahle kwamehlo. Kwezokwelapha, sivame ukubiza lesi simo ngokuthi "i-strabismus." Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi "amehlo ahlanganisiwe," okuyikho.

Ngakho-ke, kule `(Exotropia)`, iso elilodwa noma ngezinye izikhathi womabili aphendukela ngaphandle, okungukuthi, ohlangothini lapho kukhona khona izindlebe. Uma iso elilodwa kuphela liphendukela ngaphandle ngale ndlela, silibiza ngokuthi `(Monocular Exotropia)`. Uma womabili amehlo ephendukela ngaphandle ngale ndlela, libizwa ngokuthi `(Bilateral Exotropia)`.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Esotropia)`. Kulapho amehlo ephendukela ngaphakathi, okungukuthi, ebheke ekhaleni. Lesi `(Exotropia)` siphambene nalokho. Nakuba lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezincane nasezinganeni, ngezinye izikhathi singase senzeke nakubantu abadala.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi iso lengane yakho liyaphenduka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingane eneso elinjalo ingaba nezinkinga zokubona, futhi lokhu kubonakala kungathinta ukuzethemba kwengane kanye nobudlelwano bomphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthola ukuxilongwa bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-exotropia?

Kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-"Exotropia". Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi eziyinhloko:

• I-Exotropia Eyenzeka Ngezikhathi Ezithile: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Njengoba igama lisho, aluhlali lukhona. Luyafika ludlule. Isibonelo, ingane yakho ingase iphendule amehlo ayo uma ikhathele kakhulu, noma uma inesifo esifana nomkhuhlane, noma uma icindezelekile. Lokhu kungabonakala nalapho ibheka into ekude.
• I-Constant Exotropia: Kulolu hlobo, iso elilodwa noma womabili ahlala ephendukela ngaphandle. Lesi simo singabonakala uma ubheka eduze nakude. Lokhu akuvamile njenge-Intermittent Exotropia okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili.
• I-Exotropia Yezinsana Noma Yokuzalwa: Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo sikhona ekuzalweni noma ebuntwaneni.
• I-Sensory Exotropia: Lokhu kwenzeka esweni elivele lingaboni kahle. Iso elingaboni kahle liphendukela ngaphandle ngoba alikwazi ukusebenza kanye nelinye iso.
• I-Alternating Exotropia: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amehlo womabili ephendukela ngaphandle ngokushintshana ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Lokhu kuhlukile kwi-Unilateral Exotropia (lapho iso elilodwa kuphela elihlala liphendukela ngaphandle).
• I-Exotropia Elandelanayo noma Eyesibili: Lolu hlobo lwenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kwelashwe i-Esotropia (amehlo aphendukela ngaphakathi).

Ziyini izimpawu ze-exotropia?

Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izici ezivamile ezingabonakala kulesi simo:

• Iso elilodwa noma womabili ngezinye izikhathi noma njalo liphendukela ngaphandle.
• Ukufiphaza amehlo.
• Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukubona kabili noma i-Diplopia.
• Ukuvala iso elilodwa uma ilanga likhanya kakhulu.
• Ukuncipha kokuqonda okujulile.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninesinye salezi zimpawu noma ngaphezulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka exotropia?

Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Izakhi zofuzo: Kweminye imindeni, lesi simo (i-strabismus) sidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yamehlo: Lokhu kungenzeka uma imisipha elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo ingasebenzi kahle.
• Ukuntuleka Kokuhlangana (CI): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amehlo engakwazi ukugxila endaweni eyodwa lapho ebuka into eseduze.
• Izimo zesimiso sezinzwa: I-Exotropia ingabangelwa nayizimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma izimila zobuchopho.
• Ukubona okuphazamisekile kakhulu: Uma umbono kwelinye iso umpofu kakhulu, lelo so lingase liphendukele ngaphandle.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi nge-exotropia eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile , imbangela ethile ingase ingatholakali.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-exotropia? (Izici eziyingozi)

Kunezici ezithile ezandisa ingozi yalesi simo. Lezi yizi:

• Izinkinga ze-neurologic.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukwehlukahluka kwezakhi zofuzo.
• Amaphutha okubheka okungalungiswanga (isb., ukungagqoki izibuko) `(Amaphutha okubheka okungalungiswanga)`.
• Ukuba nomuntu emndenini onesifo `(Strabismus)`.

Kwenzekani uma ukwelashwa kunganikezwa? (Izinkinga)

Uma lesi simo esithi "Exotropia", ikakhulukazi "I-Exittent Exotropia" ngezikhathi ezithile, singalashwa, singagcina sesibizwa ngokuthi "I-Constant Exotropia". Futhi, uma lesi simo siba sibi kakhulu ebuntwaneni, ingane ingase ibe nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "Iso Elivilaphayo" (i-Amblyopia).Lokhu kusho ukuthi umbono weso elilodwa uba buthakathaka. Futhi, ikhono lokubona izinto ngezindlela ezintathu (umbono we-binocular) ngokusebenzisana namehlo womabili lingalahleka.

I-exotropia ihlolwa kanjani ngokunembile? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ungase uqaphele ukuthi amehlo engane yakho aphendukela ngaphandle. Noma udokotela womndeni wakho angase akuqaphele lokhu. (Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu one-exotropia akaqapheli ngisho nalokho.) Bangase bakuthumele kudokotela wamehlo noma kudokotela wamehlo.

Udokotela wengane yakho uzobuza ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho. Bese bezokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzobheka ukuthi amehlo engane yakho ahamba kanjani futhi agxile kanjani. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa Kokubona Okubonakalayo: Ukucela izingane ukuthi zifunde izinhlamvu ezivela eshadini, noma uma kwenzeka ezinganeni ezincane, ukuhlola ukuthi zibona kanjani izinto.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokugqama: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ukuthi ukukhanya kugxile kangakanani emehlweni ngokubavumela ukuthi babheke uchungechunge lwamalensi ahlukene. Izingane azidingi ukukhuluma noma ukuphendula lezi zivivinyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqondanisa amehlo nokugxila: Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi amehlo engane aqondene kahle kangakanani nokuthi angabona kahle kangakanani.
• Ukuvula inhlamvu yeso ukuze kuhlolwe impilo yezakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweso.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-exotropia?

Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-extropia eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ayibi nzima kangako, noma ingase ibe ngcono ngokwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinketho zokwelapha zifaka:

• Ukupeyinta amehlo: Lokhu kuhilela ukumboza iso elibona kahle nelinamandla ngesipeyinti bese wenza iso elibuthakathaka lisebenze kanzima ukuliqinisa.
• Amaconsi eso: Lena inqubo yezokwelapha, njengokufaka ama-eye patches, enikeza ukuvuselelwa okwengeziwe kweso elibuthakathaka.
• Amalensi okulungisa: Udokotela angase atuse izibuko noma amalensi okuxhumana.
• Ukwelashwa ngokubona: Uma ingane yakho inokukhubazeka kokuhlangana okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, ukuvivinya amehlo kungasiza.
• I-Botulinum Toxin (Botox®): Ukujova i-Botox® emisipheni yamehlo kungasiza ekuqondiseni amehlo kabusha.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Udokotela angase enze ukuhlinzwa ukuze aqinise noma akhulule imisipha yeso elilodwa noma lawo womabili.

Ingabe lokhu kuphuma kwegazi kungavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singenzeki. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo ngengozi yokudlulisela lesi simo enganeni yakho.

Liyini ikusasa lalabo abanalesi simo? (Ukululama)

I-Exotropia ingaba ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa izinhlobo eziningi azipheli ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi simo, kodwa abantu abaningi banethuba lokuthi lesi simo siphinde sivele.

Ingane yami kufanele ibone nini udokotela?

Njalo bona udokotela uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Lezi zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu bamehlo.
• Ukubona okukabili.
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukubonakala kweso liphendukela ngaphandle.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wengane yami?

Nazi ezinye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Hlobo luni lwe-exotropia ingane yami enalo?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ozincomayo?
• Ingabe ingane yami idinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Uma ngihlinzwa, yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?

Ingabe i-exotropia ingadala ubumpumputhe?

Uma ingelashwa, i-exotropia ingaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi "i-lazy eye" (i-amblyopia), okuwukulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso. Uma ingelashwa, umbono we-binocular ungalahleka futhi umbono webanga ungaphazamiseka. Kodwa-ke, ubumpumputhe obuphelele akuvamile ukuba njalo.

Ingabe i-exotropia iba yimbi kakhulu ngokuguga?

Uma ingelashwa, i-`(Exotropia)` ivame ukuba yimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingalawulwa, kodwa ingase ingaphinde iphele ngokuphelele. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ikhambi elihlala njalo le-`(Intermittent Exotropia)` ukulungisa ubuchopho, kodwa lokhu akunakwenzeka okwamanje.

Uma ingane yakho ine-"(i-Exotropia)," lesi simo singathinta ukuzethemba kwayo. Kungenza kube nzima nokwakha nokugcina ubudlelwano nabanye. Uma umuntu ekhuluma ngaphandle kokubheka emehlweni, angase abonakale enganaki noma ematasa ngento ethile.

Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha nje lapho ubona le nkinga. Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amehlo aphilile futhi ayabona kahle. Nakuba ungenakukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke, ungathatha isinyathelo futhi uthole ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Masikhumbule izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sifingqe izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sizikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Exotropia ukuphendulela kwelinye noma womabili amehlo ngaphandle (endlebeni). Lolu uhlobo lwe-strabismus, noma i-cross-eye.
• Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ezinganeni, kungenzeka nakubantu abadala.
• Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kunganciphisa izinkinga zokubona kanye nomthelela ekuzethembeni kwengane.
• Ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ama-eye patches, amaconsi amehlo, izibuko, ukuvivinya amehlo, imijovo ye-Botox®, kanye nokuhlinzwa.
• Uma unenkinga ngamehlo engane yakho, thintana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha.
• Lesi simo singalawulwa, kodwa singase singalapheki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa kahle, ungaphila impilo enhle.

Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Uma uneminye imibuzo, sicela uxhumane nodokotela.

I- Exotropia, ukuphambuka kwamehlo, ukugoqa amehlo, izifo zamehlo ezingane, izinkinga zokubona, ukwelashwa kwamehlo, i-strabismus