Njengoba wazi, inhliziyo yethu ifana nephampu esebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwale phampu, kuneminyango emincane esiza ukugeleza kwegazi ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Sibiza lawa ma-valve enhliziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi le minyango ayikwazi ukuvala kahle futhi ingavuleka kancane. Bese, esikhundleni sokuya phambili, igazi liqala ukuvuza emuva. Ngenxa yalesi simo, ungazizwa ukhathele ngokushesha futhi ube nobunzima bokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, nansi ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa ukulungisa i-valve enjalo evuzayo, esiyibiza ngokuthi i-Annuloplasty.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Annuloplasty?
I-Annuloplasty iwukuhlinzwa okulungisa noma ukuqinisa ivalvu enhliziyweni. Cabanga ukuthi umnyango wendlu yakho ukhululekile kancane futhi umnyango ngeke uvaleke kahle. Khona-ke esikwenzayo ukufaka uhlaka oluzungeze umnyango bese siwuqinisa. Yilokho okufanayo nalokhu.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, odokotela bafaka ibhande elikhethekile, noma indandatho, nxazonke kwe- annulus yevalvu yenhliziyo bese beyiqinisa. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ivalvu, eyayikhululekile futhi ivuza, ivaleke kahle futhi. Lokhu kuvimbela igazi ukuthi ligeleze emuva, futhi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kuhlinzwa ukuvimba ukugeleza kwegazi emuva (ukubuyiselwa kwe-valve) nokusiza inhliziyo ukuthi ipompe igazi emzimbeni wonke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ibukeka kanjani le Ring ebizwa ngokuthi i-Annuloplasty?
Lena idivayisi ekhethekile ebekwa nxazonke kwevalvu. Ingenziwa nge-mesh, insimbi, noma ipulasitiki. Le ndandatho yenzelwe ukuhambisana nokunyakaza kwemvelo kanye nokuguquguquka kwevalvu yenhliziyo. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, iyinto ehlala emzimbeni impilo yonke. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu zenhliziyo yethu ziyakhula nxazonke kwendandatho, futhi iba yingxenye yenhliziyo uqobo. Lokhu kunikeza ivalvu ukwesekwa okukhulu ukuze ivuleke futhi ivalwe kahle.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa kubantu abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-valve regurgitation. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa kunoma yiliphi lama-valve amane ayinhloko enhliziyweni yethu.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-mitral: Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-mitral.
- I-Aortic valve annuloplasty: Ukulungiswa kwe-valve ye-aortic.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yamaphaphu: Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yamaphaphu.
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-tricuspid: Ukulungiswa kwevalvu ye-tricuspid.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Annuloplasty ne-Valvuloplasty?
Nakuba kokubili lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ama-valve enhliziyo, kokubili kunezinjongo ezimbili. Bheka leli thebula, ungaliqonda kalula.
| Ukwelashwa | Usesimweni esinjani? |
|---|---|
| I-Annuloplasty | Qinisa ivalvu evuzayo bese uyivala kahle. |
| I-Valvuloplasty | Ukwandisa ivalvu encane/eqinile futhi kube lula ukugeleza kwegazi. |
I-Annuloplasty akuyona yodwa indlela yokwelapha ukuvuza kwe-valve. Kwezinye izimo, i-clip, njenge-MitraClip®, efakwe nge-incision encane, ingasetshenziswa ukuvala i-valve. Udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza yonke imiyalelo oyidingayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, ngeke uvunyelwe ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ngobusuku bangaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ukuzila ukudla). Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi ekhethekile, njengemithi yokuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngakho. Kuye ngeseluleko sikadokotela wakho, kungadingeka uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha le mithi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa odokotela abahlinza inhliziyo. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza ukuhlinzwa.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile | Kwenziwa ukusika okukhulu okukodwa esifubeni, kufinyelele ngqo enhliziyweni, bese kufakwa indandatho ye-Annuloplasty. Ukusika kube sekuvalwa ngokuthunga. |
| Ukuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu | Kwenziwa izimbobo eziningana ezincane esifubeni. Kufakwa ithubhu elincane elinekhamera (i-endoscope) ngazo, bese kufakwa indandatho kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile ngenkathi kubhekwe i-monitha. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa endaweni yokululama amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba udluliselwe ewadini. Uma uhlinzwe kancane, cishe uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlinzwe inhliziyo evulekile, kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezingu-5-7.
Isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya sincike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa okwenzile kanye nempilo yakho yomzimba.
- Kufanele ugweme ngokuphelele umsebenzi onzima okungenani isonto lonke .
- Uzokwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini zingakapheli isonto noma amabili ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unomsebenzi odinga ukuphakamisa okunzima noma ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, kungathatha isikhathi eside.
- Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo eqondile yokuthi kufanele uphumule isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ungaphindela nini emsebenzini.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele unakekele umzimba wakho kakhulu. Qaphela noma yini engavamile. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina (i-angina) |
| - Isiyezi noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope) |
| - Ukuba nomkhuhlane noma ukubanda |
| - Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza |
| - Ukuvuvukala noma ubuhlungu obungapheli endaweni yokuhlinzwa |
I-Annuloplasty inqubo ephephile nephumelelayo ezimweni eziningi. Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezincane (njengokutheleleka kanye nokopha). Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ngokucacile izingozi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Annuloplasty iwukuhlinzwa kokulungisa ivalvu yenhliziyo evuzayo.
- Kulokhu, kufakwa indandatho ekhethekile ezungeze ivalvu, iyilungise ukuze ivaleke kahle.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile noma ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane.
- Isikhathi sokululama kanye nokuhlala esibhedlela kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa okwenzile.
- Indandatho ye-annuloplasty ivame ukuhlala impilo yonke futhi ayidingi ukushintshwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungangabazi ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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