Wake waphawula ukuthi umlomo wakho uhlala womile, amehlo akho afiphele kancane, noma isisu sakho sihlala somile ngenxa yemithi ethile oyithathayo? Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kungenye into ebangelwa ukugula kwakho. Kodwa-ke, isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuthi uphuza umuthi ngokungazi onezakhiwo zokulwa ne-cholinergic. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuvamile kakhulu. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela le mithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic?
Leli gama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kodwa indaba ilula kakhulu. Uhlelo lwezinzwa lomzimba wethu luyinethiwekhi emangalisayo kakhulu. Yilokhu okulawula konke kusukela emicabangweni yethu, ukunyakaza, ukuphefumula, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Kukhona "izithunywa" kulolu hlelo lwezinzwa ezithwala imiyalezo emuva naphambili. Njengabantu abahambisa izincwadi eposini. Sibiza laba zithunywa ngokuthi `(Ama-Neurotransmitter)`.
Esinye isithunywa esibaluleke kakhulu yi -acetylcholine .
Manje ake sibone ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko wale 'Acetylcholine' uyini. Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zesimiso sethu sezinzwa esizimele.
1. Uhlelo lokuzwelana: Lolu uhlelo lwethu "lokulwa noma ukubaleka". Kalula nje, lolu hlelo lusilungiselela ukubhekana nesimo esiphuthumayo, ukwesaba, noma usongo. Kufana ne-accelerator emotweni. Uma isebenza, inhliziyo yethu ishaya ngokushesha, amehlo ethu ayavuleka, futhi siyajuluka.
2. Uhlelo lwe-Parasympathetic: Lolu uhlelo lwethu "lokuphumula nokugaya". Lokhu kusho ukuthi lolu hlelo lusiza umzimba ukuthi uzole, ugaye ukudla, futhi uphumule. Lufana namabhuleki emotweni. Isithunywa sethu esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Acetylcholine' sisebenza kakhulu kulolu hlelo.
Kulungile, manje usuyaqonda isizinda sendaba, akunjalo? Imithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic isebenza ngokuphazamisa umsebenzi walowo mthunywa obizwa ngokuthi 'i-Acetylcholine'. Lokho kusho ukuthi lapho lowo mthunywa eya endaweni lapho kudingeka alethe khona umlayezo wakhe, leyo ndawo (i-receptor) iyavinjelwa. Khona-ke umsebenzi walolo hlelo "lokuthulisa" (i-Parasympathetic) uncipha kancane.
Kalula nje, imithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic ivimba okwesikhashana isenzo sesithunywa esilawula izinqubo zokuphumula nezokuthula emzimbeni wethu.
Lo muthi usetshenziselwa izifo ezinjani?
Kunemithi engaphezu kuka-600 enezakhiwo zokulwa nokungezwani komzimba. Eminye imithi yenzelwe ukusizakala ngalezi zakhiwo zokulwa nokungezwani komzimba ukwelapha izifo. Eminye imithi inalesi sici njengomphumela ongemuhle.
Etafuleni elingezansi, ake sibheke izinhlobo eziningana zemithi ezisebenzisa kakhulu lesi sici se-anticholinergic ukwelapha izifo.
| Igama lomuthi (isibonelo) | Amacala okusetshenziswa kanye nencazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Atropine | Lona umuthi ovame ukusetshenziswa eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU). Usetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-bradycardia lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuhamba kancane kakhulu, futhi njengokwelashwa kobuthi obuvela ezibulala-zinambuzane ezithile. Uma kwenzeka ubuthi buvela, udokotela wakho uzoxhumana ne -National Poisons Information Center e-National Hospital ukuze athole iseluleko esengeziwe. |
| I-Ipratropium / i-Tiotropium | Lokhu kutholakala kuma-inhaler anikezwa abantu abanezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD. Le mithi isiza ukwandisa izindlela zokuphefumula futhi yenze ukuphefumula kube lula. |
| I-Oxybutynin / i-Solifenacin | Lezi zinikezwa ukwelapha ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, isimo lapho kufanele uchame njalo futhi ube nobunzima bokulawula ukuhamba komchamo wakho. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukujiya kwemisipha esinyeni. |
| I-Scopolamine | Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu esibangelwa ukuhamba ngamabhasi nemikhumbi (ukugula kokunyakaza). Ngezinye izikhathi ziza ngesimo se-patch. |
| I-Benztropine / i-Trihexyphenidyl | Lo muthi usiza ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokuthuthumela okubangelwa yisifo sikaParkinson. |
| I-Diphenhydramine | Imithi eminingi esetshenziselwa ukungezwani komzimba (isib. i-piritan) iqukethe lokhu. Lesi sici sokulwa nokuvuvukala kwe-cholinergic yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza uzizwe ulele futhi unomlomo owomile lapho uthatha lokhu. |
Imithi enalesi sici njengomphumela ongemuhle
Kuneminye imithi, nakuba umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ungenye into, enemiphumela emibi yokulwa ne-cholinergic.
- Eminye imithi emidala esetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo ezinjengokucindezeleka (ama-Tricyclic antidepressants). Eminye imithi ('imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo') inikezwa izifo zengqondo ezinzima njenge -schizophrenia .
- Imithi eminingi yokwelapha ukungezwani komzimba (`Antihistamines`).
Iyini imiphumela emibi yemithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic?
Manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi kungani le mithi ibangela umlomo owomile kanye nokungaboni kahle. Uma sinciphisa umsebenzi walolo hlelo "lokuzola", izinto eziningi ezilawulwa yilolo hlelo ziyathinteka.
Kukhona isaga sesiNgisi esisetshenziswa odokotela ukukhumbula le miphumela emibi. "Kushisa njengonogwaja, kuyimpumputhe njengelulwane, komile njengethambo, kubomvu njengebhithi , kuyahlanya njengehatha". Lokhu kusho ukuthi "Kushisa njengonogwaja, kuyimpumputhe njengelulwane, komile njengethambo, kubomvu njengebhithi, kuyahlanya njengehatha". Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukhumbula imiphumela emibi eyinhloko.
Ake sibheke kalula le miphumela emibi kanye nezimbangela zayo kuthebula elingezansi.
| Umphumela Ongemuhle | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Umlomo owomile namehlo | Uhlelo "oluzolile" lukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamathe nezinyembezi. Uma lungasebenzi kahle, amathe nezinyembezi nazo azikhiqizi kakhulu. |
| Umbono ofiphele | Imisipha eshintsha usayizi womfundi iyathinteka, okwenza kube nzima ukubona izinto eduze. Abafundi baba bakhulu (abafundi abavulekile). |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa komchamo) | Njengoba imisipha yesinye ingasenakuguquguquka, kuba nzima ukukhipha ngokuphelele isinye. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuhlobene nenqubo yokugaya ukudla kuyehla. |
| Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia) | Isilinganiso senhliziyo sikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamazinga ajwayelekile ngoba "ibhuleki" elilawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo liyabuthakathaka. |
| Ukudideka / Isimo sengqondo esishintshile | I-Acetylcholine ibalulekile futhi ekukhumbuleni nasekucabangeni ebuchosheni. Uma iphazamiseka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala, ingaholela ekudidekeni. |
| I-Hyperthermia kanye nesikhumba esithambile | Ukujuluka kuyindlela umzimba olawula ngayo izinga lokushisa. Le mithi inganciphisa ukujuluka, okungakhuphula izinga lokushisa lomzimba. |
Udinga ukubona udokotela ngasiphi isikhathi?
Uma unikezwe umuthi wokulwa ne-cholinergic, izinzuzo zokuwuthatha zidlula kakhulu imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Uma ukugula kwakho kungazizwa kungcono ngemithi.
- Uma unenkinga yokuthatha umuthi njengoba udokotela ekuyalile (isib. uma unenkinga ngenxa yemiphumela emibi).
- Uma imiphumela emibi yomuthi inzima ngokwanele ukuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke (ukuya emsebenzini, ukushayela, ukufunda).
Cabanga nje, une-asthma, futhi i-inhaler oyinikwayo yenza kube lula ukuphefumula, kodwa umlomo wakho womile kakhulu. Noma unenkinga yokulawula umchamo wakho futhi umuthi owunikwayo wenza umbono wakho ungabonakali kahle. Esimweni esinjalo, uma ukhuluma nodokotela wakho, angashintsha umthamo womuthi noma akunikeze omunye umuthi onikeza imiphumela efanayo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unenkinga, ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho. Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho futhi ulandele iseluleko sakhe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokulwa ne-cholinergic isebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo sesithunywa samakhemikhali (i-Acetylcholine) esisebenza ohlelweni "lokuzola" lomzimba wethu.
- Lo muthi usetshenziswa njengokwelapha izifo eziningana, njenge-asthma, isifo sikaParkinson, kanye nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo.
- Eminye imithi yokwelapha ukungezwani komzimba kanye nokucindezeleka nayo inalesi sici sokulwa ne-cholinergic njengomphumela ongemuhle.
- Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa umlomo owomile, ukubona okufiphele, isisu esibuhlungu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokudideka.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngemiphumela emibi yemithi oyiphuzayo, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngayo noma ukwenza izinqumo ngokwakho, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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