Ingabe kufanele sazi kahle ngemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (i-Antihyperlipidemic Drugs)?

Wake wawubona umbiko wokuhlolwa kwegazi othi "i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu kancane"? Noma ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakutshela ukuthi "qala ukuthatha imithi yokulawula i-cholesterol yakho"? Lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu kubantu abaningi ezweni lakithi. Ngakho-ke namuhla ngizokhuluma kalula nangendlela enomusa ngale mithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol, noma ngokwezokwelapha, imithi ethi "Antihyperlipidemic".

Kungani sidinga lo muthi we-cholesterol?

Okokuqala, ake siqonde lokhu. I-cholesterol yinto edingwa yimizimba yethu ngesilinganiso esithile. Isiza ekwakheni amaseli ethu futhi ikhiqize ama-hormone. Isibindi sethu sikhiqiza i-cholesterol esiyidingayo. Kodwa inkinga iqala ngokudla esikudlayo kanye nendlela esiphila ngayo, okungaholela ku-cholesterol eyengeziwe emizimbeni yethu.

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani amazinga e-cholesterol enyuka kakhulu:

• Ukudla kwethu neziphuzo: Amafutha agcwele atholakala ekudleni kwezilwane (inyama, ibhotela, ushizi, ubisi) kanye nokudla okuthosiwe (ikakhulukazi izinto ezifana namafutha esundu) andisa amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Uma umzimba ungasebenzi, amakhalori engeziwe esiwadlayo agcinwa njengamafutha.
• Izimbangela zofuzo: Abanye abantu bangase babe namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol ngenxa yethonya lofuzo elidluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.

Uma amazinga e-cholesterol egazini enyuka, iqala ukwakheka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yethu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Atherosclerosis". Kufana nodaka oluqongelela ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa ma-depositi abangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi ibe mincane futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi. Yilokhu okuvula indlela yezifo ezingathi sína njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.

Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol esetshenziswa kakhulu

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi esetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Akuzona zonke imithi ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha imithi efanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezingeni le-cholesterol yakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kanye nezici zakho eziyingozi. Ake sibheke kafushane ngayinye yale mithi.

1. Ama-statin - uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu

Leli yiqembu lemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol elisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi elisebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngamagama omkhiqizo athi `Lipitor®`, `Crestor®`, `Zocor®`. Konke lokhu kungokwesigaba semithi ethi `Statins`.

• Isebenza kanjani?:Kalula nje, isibindi sethu sifana nefektri eyenza i-cholesterol. Le fektri ine-enzyme ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi `(HMG CoA reductase)` esetshenziselwa ukwenza i-cholesterol. `Statins` ivimba le enzyme. Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol yisibindi kuyancipha.
• Izinzuzo ezengeziwe: Ama-statin anezinye izakhiwo ezinhle.
• Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kodonga lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi.
• Kunciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi.
• Kunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Kunciphisa ingozi yokuthi ama-plaque (amafutha agcinwe) emithanjeni yegazi aqhekeke futhi abangele umonakalo.

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezengeziwe, ama-statin ayisidakamizwa esibaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

2. Ama-Fibrate (ama-Fibric acid derivatives noma ama-Fibrate)

Lolu hlobo lomuthi luhlose kakhulu ukunciphisa olunye uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides egazini. Amakhalori engeziwe esiwadlayo agcinwa emzimbeni njenge-'Triglycerides'. I-'Tricor®', i-'Lopid®' ziyizibonelo zalolu hlobo lomuthi. Nakuba lokhu kunciphisa i-cholesterol embi '(LDL)', futhi kusiza ukwandisa i-cholesterol enhle '(HDL)' ngezinga elithile. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ayifanele abantu abanesifo sezinso noma sesibindi esibi.

3. Eminye imithi

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi. Le mithi ivame ukunikezwa abantu abangaphenduli kuma-statin noma kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile.

• Izithibi ze-PCSK9: Lezi yimithi ejovwayo eyehlisa ngempumelelo i-cholesterol embi (LDL). Ngokuvamile inikezwa abantu abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo futhi i-cholesterol yabo engenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngeminye imithi.
• Ama-Bile acid sequestrants: Le mithi isebenza emathunjini. Ibopha i-bile ekhiqizwa yisibindi ukuze isize ekugayeni ukudla, inciphise ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni.
• Izithibi zomuthi wokumunca i-cholesterol ezikhethiwe (i-Ezetimibe): Njengoba igama lisho, lezi zisebenza ngokuvimbela ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol emathunjini iye emzimbeni. Zivame ukunikezwa kanye nama-statin.
• I-Nicotinic acid (i-Niacin): Lolu uhlobo lwevithamini B. Lusiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) kanye ne-triglycerides futhi lwandise i-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL). Kodwa-ke, alufanele abantu abane-gout noma isifo sesibindi esibi.
• Ama-fatty acid e-Omega-3: Abizwa nangokuthi "amafutha enhlanzi." Asetshenziswa kakhulu ukwehlisa amazinga e-triglyceride. Amanye awo atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, kodwa akufanele uwasebenzise ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho , njengoba angasebenzisana neminye imithi.

Iyini imiphumela emibi yalo muthi?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol ingabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu othola le miphumela emibi. Futhi eminingi yayo ayibi kakhulu.Kodwa uma uzizwa ungakhululekile, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela ngakho.

Ethebuleni elingezansi, sizobheka imiphumela emibi evamile engenzeka ngemithi emikhulu.

Izinto okufanele siziqaphele lapho sithatha imithi

Ukuze sizuze kakhulu emithini ye-cholesterol, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka sizenze. Akuyona into enhle ukukhohlwa konke okunye ngoba nje uphuze iphilisi.

• Shintsha indlela yakho yokuphila: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Nciphisa ukudla kwakho uwoyela, ubisi lukakhukhunathi, ushukela, kanye nofulawa ngangokunokwenzeka. Faka imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, amantongomane, kanye nenhlanzi ekudleni kwakho.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Zijwayeze ukuhamba, ukugijima, noma ibhayisikili okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi: Thatha umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele. Ungaphuthelwa usuku olulodwa.
• Unganciphisi umthamo wemithi yakho: Unganciphisi umthamo wemithi yakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi "wonga imali" noma "kuzozizwa ungcono namuhla." Uzothola inzuzo ephelele kuphela uma uthatha umthamo ophelele.
• Thola imithi emisha ngaphambi kokuba iphele: Ungalindi uze uphelelwe imithi, thola imichilo yemithi emisha ngaphambi kokuba uphelelwe.
• Okufanele ukwenze uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo: Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe.
• Tshela udokotela wakho ngeminye imithi: Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma imithi ye-Ayurvedic oyithathayo, njengoba eminye imithi ingasebenzisana.

Igama eliphathelene nezinto "zemvelo" futhi

Abanye abantu bazama ukwehlisa i-cholesterol yabo ngezinto "zemvelo" kunokusebenzisa imithi. Isibonelo, basebenzisa isithasiselo esibizwa ngokuthi 'irayisi yemvubelo ebomvu'. Empeleni lokhu kuqukethe ikhemikhali efana naleyo etholakala kwamanye ama-'statin'.

Kodwa khumbula, ukuthi “imvelo” akusho ukuthi “iphephile.” Izithasiselo ezifana nalezi azihlolwa ngokuqinile njengemithi. Zingaphinde zihlanganyele ngendlela eyingozi neminye imithi oyithathayo. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukusebenzisa into efana nale, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo futhi wenze izinqumo ngokusekelwe eselulekoni sakhe kuphela.