Ingabe umbiko wakho wokugcina wezokwelapha uthe izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphezulu kancane? Noma ingabe umama wakho, ubaba, noma umngane wakho oseduze kwadingeka athathe imithi ye-cholesterol? Eqinisweni, lokhu kuyinkinga yezempilo evamile kakhulu kubantu abaningi ezweni lakithi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe njengomngane oseduze, ngemithi odokotela abasinika yona yokulawula la mafutha egazini, noma i-cholesterol. Ngokwezokwelapha, sibiza le mithi ngokuthi 'imithi yokulwa ne-hyperlipidemic'.
Kungani i-cholesterol ikhuphuka emizimbeni yethu?
Kalula nje, i-cholesterol uhlobo lwamafutha oludingwa yimizimba yethu ngamanani athile. Isibindi sethu sikhiqiza inani esilidingayo. Kodwa-ke, singadlula leli nani ngenxa yokudla esikudlayo nendlela yethu yokuphila.
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko:
- Ukudla kwethu: Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi agcwele, ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo yezilwane (inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi), ukudla okuthosiwe, namafutha esundu.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Uma singagcini imizimba yethu isebenza, amandla engeziwe esiwasebenzisayo agcinwa njengamafutha.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Abanye abantu bathambekele ekuzalweni kwamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol.
Inkinga enkulu ephakamayo lapho amazinga e-cholesterol emzimbeni ekhuphuka yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amafutha ahlala ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemithambo yegazi yethu, avimbe kancane kancane indlela igazi eligeleza ngayo. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola izifo ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
Udokotela wakho uzobheka izinga le-cholesterol yakho, iminyaka yakho, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo, futhi uma ingenakulawuleka ngokudla nokuzivocavoca kuphela, angakunikeza imithi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engasetshenziswa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Akuwona wonke umuntu onikwa imithi efanayo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha imithi efanelana kahle nesimo sakho. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi.
| Isigaba Sezidakamizwa | Indlela esebenza ngayo kalula |
|---|---|
| Ama-statin | Ilawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol yisibindi. Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. |
| Ama-Fibrate | Inciphisa kakhulu uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides. |
| Izithibi ze-PCSK9 | Umuthi okhethekile onikezwa njengomjovo kulabo abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. |
| Ama-sequestrant e-bile acid | Isebenza emathunjini, ibopha inyongo, okusiza ekugayeni amafutha, futhi inciphise ukumuncwa kwe-cholesterol. |
| Izithibi zomuncu we-cholesterol ezikhethiwe | Kuvimbela ngqo umzimba ekumunceni i-cholesterol emathunjini. |
| Ama-fatty acid e-Omega-3 | Futhi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-fish oil." Isiza ukwehlisa amazinga e-triglyceride. |
Ama-Statins - Kungani ebaluleke kangaka?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoqala akhethe umuthi we-statin ngoba uyasebenza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokwehlisa i-cholesterol, benza nezinye izinto eziningana ezibalulekile.
- Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi.
- Kunciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi.
- Kunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Kunciphisa ingozi yokuthi ama-plaque (amafutha agcinwe) emithanjeni aqhekeke futhi abangele umonakalo.
Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo ezengeziwe, imithi ye-statin ibaluleke kakhulu kulabo abaye babhekana nezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, noma kulabo abasengozini yaso.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi emincane. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kakhulu, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu okutholayo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Uma kukhona imiphumela emibi ekukhathazayo,Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona evamile |
|---|---|
| Ama-statin | Ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zemisipha, izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, kanye namazinga kashukela egazini aphakeme kancane. (I-Grapefruit kufanele igwenywe lapho uthatha ama-statin athile.) |
| Ama-Fibrate | Ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo, ukuqunjelwa, ubuhlungu besisu, ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
| Ama-sequestrant e-bile acid | Ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, ubuhlungu besisu. (Uma lo muthi uyimpuphu, ungalokothi uwugwinye womile. Ncibilikisa kahle engilazini yamanzi noma esiphuzweni.) |
| I-Niacin | Ukuhlanzeka kobuso nomzimba, isikhumba esilumayo, isisu esibuhlungu, ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
| I-Omega-3 | Isicanucanu, ukunambitheka okufana nenhlanzi, isikhumba esilumayo. |
Kufanele ngiziphathe kanjani ngenkathi ngithatha imithi?
Ukuze sithole imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngemithi, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka siziqaphele .
- Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile: thatha ngesikhathi esifanele, ngomthamo ofanele. Ungesabi ukubuza ukuthi kukhona yini ongakuqondi.
- Unganciphisi umthamo njengoba uzizwa:Unganciphisi umthamo ukuze wonge imali noma nganoma yisiphi esinye isizathu. Umthamo ogcwele uyadingeka ukuze uthole umphumela ogcwele.
- Vuselela imithi yakho ngaphambi kokuba iphele: Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho imithi yakho iphela, yithole ekhemisi kusenesikhathi.
- Yenza ukuphuza imithi yakho kube yingxenye yesimiso sakho sansuku zonke: Zijwayeze ukuyiphuza ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke. Sebenzisa ibhokisi lamaphilisi, ikhalenda, noma uhlelo lokusebenza locingo ukuze likukhumbuze.
- Uma uphuthelwa umthamo...: Thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo njengokujwayelekile. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ubuyisele umthamo ophuthelwe.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngeminye imithi: Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi). Ngisho noma uzobona udokotela wamazinyo noma uzohlinzwa, mtshele ngemithi oyithathayo.
Into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule: Ukuze uthole okuningi ngemithi yakho ye-cholesterol, kubalulekile futhi ukunamathela ekudleni okunempilo kwenhliziyo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Imithi iyingxenye nje yohambo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini ayisimo esivamile esingaholela ezifweni ezinkulu futhi ngokuvamile sidinga imithi.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ekulungele kakhulu.
- Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba ngenkathi uthatha imithi kungandisa ukusebenza kahle komuthi.
- Akufanele uyeke ukuthatha imithi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka umuthi. Ungase ukwazi ukushintshela komunye umuthi.
- Gwema ukuthatha izithasiselo "zemvelo" ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Zingabangela izinkinga ngeminye imithi oyithathayo.
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