Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi une-high blood pressure (hypertension)? Bese unikezwe iphilisi elilodwa noma amabili okufanele uwaphuze nsuku zonke. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi ezweni lakithi banalesi simo. Kodwa bangaki abantu abazi ngempela ngemithi abayiphuzayo? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga nje ukuthi, "O, lo umuthi we-blood pressure." Kodwa kunezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele, njengokuthi lo muthi wenzani ngempela emzimbeni, ukuthi kungani umuntu ngamunye enikezwa uhlobo oluhlukile lomuthi, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini imiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu ngesiSinhala esilula ongasiqonda, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, yimuphi umuthi onikezwayo walokhu kucindezela?
Imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, noma ngokwezokwelapha, "imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi," imithi esiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi wakho futhi uwugcine usezingeni elijwayelekile. Le mithi isebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Cabanga ukuthi unepayipi elithwala amanzi engadini yakho. Uma lelo payipi livaleka noma uma ipayipi liba buthaka, kufanele usebenzise ingcindezi enkulu ukuze amanzi ageleze, akunjalo? Imithambo yethu yegazi injalo. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu usho ukuthi kuba nengcindezi enkulu lapho igazi lihamba emithanjeni yegazi. Lokho okwenziwa yile mithi ukunciphisa lowo mfutho.
Ungakwenza kanjani?
- Eminye imithi ikhulisa imithambo yegazi yakho kancane, ukuze igazi likwazi ukugeleza kalula ngaphandle kokubhajwa. Kufana nokushintsha ithubhu elincane ngelikhulu.
- Eminye imithi ibangela ukuthi umzimba ukhiphe amanzi nosawoti omningi ngomchamo, okunciphisa umthamo wegazi futhi kwehlise umfutho wegazi.
- Eminye imithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ama-hormone akhiqizwa ngokwemvelo emzimbeni futhi akhulisa umfutho wegazi.
Lo muthi uvame ukunikezwa njengephilisi oligwinya nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo eziphuthumayo, unganikezwa futhi njengomjovo we-intravenous (IV) emthanjeni ongalweni yakho ngenkathi usesibhedlela.
Kungani udinga ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi, "Anginazo izinkinga, pho kungani ngithatha umuthi?" Kodwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme ufana "nombulali othule." Esikhathini esiningi, awubonisi zimpawu ezinkulu. Kodwa ngaphakathi, kulimaza inhliziyo yakho, izinso, ubuchopho, namehlo.
Uma umfutho ukhuphuka, inhliziyo yakho kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi. Kufana nephampu yamanzi esebenza phezulu entabeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nhliziyo ingakhathala futhi ibe buthaka.
Ngakho-ke, umgomo oyinhloko wokuthatha imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi nokuwulawula yilokhu:
- Ukuvikela inhliziyo yakho.
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
- Ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Kalula nje, leli philisi lizokusiza ukuvikela impilo yakho impilo yakho yonke.
Ingabe umuthi ofanayo unikezwa wonke umuntu? Udokotela uwukhetha kanjani umuthi?
Lutho neze. Umuthi ofanayo womfutho wegazi osetshenziswa umngane wakho ungase ungakusebenzeli. Udokotela ucabangela izici eziningi lapho ekunikeza umuthi.
- Ubudala bakho, ubulili
- Ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho uphakeme kangakanani
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sezinso
- Indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo emithini ethile
Ngezinye izikhathi, umfutho wegazi lakho ungase ungalawulwa ngomuthi owodwa kuphela. Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukunikeza imithi emibili noma emithathu ndawonye . Futhi, uma unemiphumela emibi engabekezeleleki evela emuthini othile noma uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kubonisa izinguquko, kungadingeka uyeke ukuthatha lowo muthi bese uqala ukuthatha omunye umuthi.
Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi uthathe umuthi othathwa umakhelwane wakho, ucabanga ukuthi, "Kungase kube kuhle nakimi." Udokotela okuxilongayo kuphela onganquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi ofanele wena.
Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi esetshenziswa kakhulu kanye nemiphumela yayo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ake sibheke eminye yemithi eyinhloko. Kunethuba elihle lokuthi imithi oyiphuzayo ingenye yayo.
| Igama lesigaba sezidakamizwa | Indlela esebenza ngayo (ngamagama alula) | Eminye imiphumela emibi engaba khona |
|---|---|---|
| Imithi yokuhlanza (Kubizwa nangokuthi "amaphilisi amanzi") | Isusa usawoti namanzi okungadingekile emzimbeni ngomchamo, inciphise ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi. | Ukuchama njalo, isiyezi, amazinga aphansi/aphezulu e-potassium/magnesium emzimbeni. |
| Izithibi ze-ACE | Kuvimba umzimba ekukhiqizeni ikhemikhali (i-angiotensin II) enciphisa imithambo yegazi. | Ukukhwehlela okomile, isiyezi, amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini, ukuvuvukala kobuso nentamo okungajwayelekile (i-Angioedema). |
| Ama-ARB (ama-Angiotensin II receptor blockers) | Kuvimba ikhono lamakhemikhali okukhulunywe ngawo ngaphambili lokukhulisa imithambo yegazi. | Isiyezi, amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini (ukukhwehlela okuncane kunezithibi ze-ACE). |
| Izithiyo zesiteshi se-calcium | Kuvimbela i-calcium ukuthi ingangeni emithanjeni yegazi futhi kuphumuze imisipha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. | Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala nemilenze, ukwehla/ukwanda kwenhliziyo. |
| Ama-Beta-blocker | Kunciphisa isivinini namandla okushaya kwenhliziyo, ngakho inhliziyo ipompa igazi ngengcindezi ephansi. | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, inhliziyo ishaya kancane, isiyezi, izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo. |
Ingabe kufanele wesabe imiphumela emibi?
Ungase wesabe kancane uma ubona imiphumela emibi kuleli thebula. Kodwa empeleni, akuwona wonke umuntu othola yonke le miphumela emibi. Iningi labantu lingawusebenzisa lo muthi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yini engavamile noma unezimpawu ezintsha. Anganquma ukuthi kungenxa yomuthi noma okunye, futhi uma kudingeka, ashintshe umthamo noma anikeze omunye umuthi.
Kungani umfutho wegazi lami ungehli yize ngithatha imithi?
Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Abanye abantu bathi, "Ngiphuza imithi yami ngesikhathi nsuku zonke, kodwa uma ngibheka umshini, umfutho wegazi wami usaphakeme." Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Umthamo onganele wemithi: Mhlawumbe umthamo wemithi oyinikezwe wona awanele.
- Ukungahambelani kwemithi: Ungadinga imithi engaphezu kweyodwa, izinhlobo ezimbili noma ezintathu.
- Amaphutha Endlela Yokuphila: Ukuphuza imithi kuphela akwanele. Uma udla usawoti omningi , uphuza utshwala , noma ungawuvivinyi umzimba , kungaba nzima ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Eminye imithi: Eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu kanye namakhambi owasebenzisayo kwezinye izimo angaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yomfutho wegazi.
- Ukungayithathi imithi ngendlela efanele: Uma ukhohlwa ukuphuza imithi yakho ngezinsuku ezithile, umfutho wegazi lakho ungase ushintshe.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo: Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha (isib. isifo sezinso, izinkinga zamahomoni). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi wesibili". Uma umfutho wegazi wakho ungalawulwa naphezu kwemithi eminingana, udokotela wakho uzokuhlola nalokhu.
Uma unale nkinga, sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngayo. Uzokwazi ukuthola imbangela futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelashwa kwakho.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?
Njengomuntu ophuza imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi, kubalulekile ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho ukuze uyohlolwa njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi okunzima ukuyibekezelela (njengokukhanda ikhanda, isiyezi esinzima, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze).
- Uma, lapho ulinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya, ukufundwa kuphakeme kakhulu njalo (isb., kungaphezu kuka-180/110 mmHg).
- Uma ukufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho kuphansi kakhulu (isib., ngaphansi kuka-90/60 mmHg) futhi uzizwa unesiyezi noma uphelelwa amandla uma usukuma.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe , udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi ophephile, njengoba eminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ingafaneleki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu uyimbangela ehamba phambili yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nesifo sezinso, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuphuza imithi nokuyilawula.
- Njalo thatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele nangesilinganiso esifanele . Ungaphuthelwa usuku olulodwa.
- Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
- Ngesikhathi uphuza imithi, dla ukudla okunempilo nokungenawo usawoti omningi futhi uvivinye umzimba njalo . Kokubili lokhu kuzosiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma imiphumela emibi mayelana nemithi yakho, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
- Uma uthatha imithi yanoma yisiphi esinye isifo, ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela ukuthi uthatha imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi.
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