Ingabe nawe uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, ukhathele nje, kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke? Ingabe uyaba nesiyezi ngisho noma uhamba kancane? Uma uzibuka esibukweni, ingabe ubuso bakho, izindebe zakho, nezandla zakho zibukeka ziphaphathekile? Lezi akuzona nje izinto ezingahleliwe. Isizathu salokhu kungaba yilokho abantu abaningi abakubiza ngokuthi " ukuntuleka kwegazi " noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-anemia " ngokwezokwelapha. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Wazi kanjani kahle ukuthi une-anemia?
Uma unezimpawu ze-anemia, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho. Uzokubuza imibuzo, akuhlole, futhi, uma kudingeka, acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi .
Ukuze usize udokotela, unganikeza ulwazi olulandelayo:
- Sicela uchaze ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ozibonayo nokuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo.
- Sitshele ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho onalolu hlobo lwesifo (isb. i-thalassemia ).
- Injani indlela yakho yokudla? (ikakhulukazi uma ungumuntu odla imifino ).
- Sitshele nganoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje nokuthi uphuza utshwala yini.
Kalula nje, kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-anemia.
1. Ngenxa yokopha: ngenxa yegazi eliphuma emzimbeni noma elingena kuwo.
2. Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi : Umzimba awukwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele.
3. Ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Ukubhidlika kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngaphambi kwesikhathi esijwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela eqondile yalokhu. Kungaqinisekisa nokuthi une-anemia yini.
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile | Ubonani kulokho? |
|---|---|
| Inani Eliphelele Legazi (i-CBC) | Inani kanye nosayizi wamaseli abomvu egazi egazini, kanye namazinga awo e-hemoglobin kuyahlolwa. |
| I-Serum Ferritin kanye nezinga le-Iron egazini | Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola umbono ngenani lensimbi eligcinwe emzimbeni. |
| Amazinga e-Vitamin B12 kanye ne-Folate | Sihlola ukuthi sinawo yini la mavithamini anele, abalulekile ekwakheni amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. |
| Ezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile | Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuthola izimo ezingavamile njenge-hemolytic anemia (amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphuka ngokushesha). |
Akuvamile kakhulu, uma lezi zivivinyo zingayitholi imbangela, udokotela angase anqume ukuthatha isampula yomnkantsha bese eyihlola.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-anemia?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha ukuthi ukwelashwa akuqali kuze kube yilapho kutholakala imbangela eqondile ye-anemia. Ngoba ukwelashwa okunikezwayo kohlobo olulodwa lwe-anemia kungaba yingozi futhi kube yingozi kolunye uhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kusekelwe embangela.
1. Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia ebangelwa ukopha
Uma ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi ngokuzumayo (isib., ngenxa yengozi), ungase unikezwe usawoti, ukumpontshelwa igazi, umoya-mpilo, kanye nensimbi esibhedlela. Kodwa-ke, uma uqhubeka nokopha (isib., isilonda samathumbu, ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini), into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukuthola umthombo wokopha bese ukumisa. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kudingeka, welaphe ukuntuleka kwensimbi. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi wenze i-colonoscopy ukuze ubheke lezi zinto.
2. I-Anemia Yokuntuleka Kwensimbi
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-anemia olubonakala ezweni lakithi. Uma umzimba untula i-iron eyanele, awukwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi avamile.
Uma usebenzisa izithako zensimbi, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalezi zinto.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalokothi uthathe amaphilisi ensimbi ngendlela othanda ngayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Ukuthatha insimbi eningi kunaleyo oyidingayo kungaba yingozi.
- Gcina kude nezingane: Amaphilisi e-iron ayingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane uma ewagwinya ngengozi. Angabangela nokufa phakathi namahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke , njengayo yonke imithi, amaphilisi e-iron kufanele agcinwe evalelwe kude nezingane ezincane.Uma ingane iyiphuza ngephutha futhi ikhombisa izimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza, uhudo, noma isiyezi, yiyise ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Uma kudingeka, shayela i-National Poisons Information Center eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Qaphela imiphumela emibi: Izithako zensimbi zingabangela isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa noma uhudo, kanye nendle emnyama. Ungazinciphisa lezi ngokuthatha amaphilisi nokudla. Uma lezi zinkinga ziqhubeka, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Hlola ukuthi imithi isebenzisana yini neminye: Uma uphuza amaphilisi e-calcium, angaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi. Ngakho udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uwaphuze ngezikhathi ezimbili ezahlukene, kunokuba uwaphuze ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Kusiza ekumunceni kangcono: I-iron imuncwa kangcono ngumzimba uma ithathwa ne-vitamin C. Yingakho udokotela wakho engase atuse ukuthi uthathe iphilisi lakho le-iron nengilazi yejusi lewolintshi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa futhi ukuthi ufake ukudla okune-iron eningi ekudleni kwakho. Inyama ebomvu, ukhamba olubabayo, ubhontshisi, isipinashi, izinti zemigqomo, izikhupha zamaqanda, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle kuyimithombo emihle ye-iron.
3. Ukwelashwa Kokuntuleka Kwevithamini B12 kanye Ne-Folate
Ukwelashwa kwalesi simo kuncike embangela. Abanye abantu banenkinga yokuthi imizimba yabo imunca i-vitamin B12. Kungase kudingeke bathathe imijovo ye-vitamin B12 impilo yabo yonke noma bathathe amaphilisi anesilinganiso esiphezulu nsuku zonke.
Amaphilisi e-folic acid anqunyelwe ukuntuleka kwe-folate. Baphinde batuse ukwengeza ukudla okucebile nge-vitamin B12 kanye ne-folate (inyama, inhlanzi, ubisi, amaqanda, imifino eluhlaza, nezithelo) ekudleni.
4. Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia ngenxa yezinye izimbangela ezithile
- Izinkinga zomnkantsha: Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezizuzwe njenge-thalassemia nesifo se-sickle cell kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima besifo. Ukwelashwa okufana nokumpontshelwa igazi njalo noma ukufakelwa umnkantsha kungadingeka.
- Ezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona: Nge-anemia ebangelwa yisifo sezinso noma i-chemotherapy yomdlavuza, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-erythropoietin, ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, inikezwa njengomjovo.
- I-Hemolytic Anemia: Lokhu kwelashwa kuye ngokuthi imbangela iyini. Kungadinga imithi ye-steroid, ukwelashwa okukhethekile njenge-plasmapheresis, kanye, njengesixazululo sokugcina, i-splenectomy.
Ungayivimbela kanjani i-anemia?
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa yi-iron, i-vitamin B12, kanye nokuntuleka kwe-folate, zingavinjelwa ngokudla ukudla okunomsoco.
- Faka ukudla okucebile nge-iron, i-vitamin B12, kanye ne-folate ekudleni kwakho.
- Uma ungumuntu odla imifino/ongadli inyama, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo mayelana nokudla kwakho bese uthatha izithasiselo zamavithamini uma kudingeka.
- Nciphisa ukuphuza itiye nekhofi. Gwema ukuphuza itiye ngesikhathi sokudla, ikakhulukazi njengoba lokhu kunciphisa ukumuncwa kwensimbi emzimbeni.
- Khetha izinkwa eziqiniswe ngensimbi kanye nokolweni.
- Landela izinqubo zokuphepha lapho usebenza ngezinto ezisekelwe kumthofu (isib. amabhethri, upende).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungazinaki izinto ezinjengokuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukubukeka uphaphathekile, noma ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu ze-anemia. Bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise amaphilisi ensimbi noma amanye amavithamini ngokwakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- I-anemia yelashwa ngokuthola imbangela eqondile. Ngakho-ke, thola izivivinyo udokotela wakho aziyala ngqo.
- Gcina yonke imithi, okuhlanganisa namaphilisi ensimbi, endaweni ephephile kude nezingane ezincane. Ukuyidla ngengozi kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukudla okunomsoco kungavimbela izinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia.
I-anemia, ukuntuleka kwensimbi, i-Vitamin B12, amaseli abomvu egazi, ukukhathala
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