Ingabe unenkinga yokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi kunenkinga encane nge-valve enhliziyweni yakho. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa leyo ndaba. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namuhla sikhuluma ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlinzwa kwe-Aortic Valve. Sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngendlela oyiqondayo, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aortic Valve?
Cabanga ukuthi inhliziyo yethu iyinjini eyinhloko epompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Isango eliyinhloko elithumela igazi kulo mshini yi -Aortic Valve . Kungaleli sango lapho igazi elihlanzekile nelicebile ngomoya-mpilo liya khona emzimbeni wonke ngomthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni (i-Aorta). Ngakho-ke manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi leli sango lisebenze kahle.
Ngezinye izikhathi leli valve liyayeka ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isifo se-aortic valve. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. I-Aortic Valve Stenosis: Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-valve ayivuli kahle futhi ivalekile. Ngemuva kwalokho inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ikhiphe igazi. Kufana nokuvula umnyango ogqwalile ngobunzima.
2. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Aortic Valve: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-valve ingavali kahle, okubangela ukuba igazi livuze emuva. Lokhu kuvumela elinye igazi elipompiwe ukuthi libuyele enhliziyweni.
Uma kuvela lolu hlobo lwenkinga, ukwelashwa kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aortic Valve. Kulokhu, odokotela balungisa ivalvu eyonakele noma bayisuse ngokuphelele bese befaka ivalvu entsha .
Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kungase kuzwakale njengento enkulu uma uzwa ngakho, kuzoxazulula inkinga yakho yenhliziyo futhi kukunikeze ithuba elihle lokuphila impilo enempilo futhi. Kuzokusiza futhi ekuvikeleni ezingozini ezinkulu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okungase kwenzeke esikhathini esizayo ngenxa yalesi simo.
Kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aortic Valve kuwukuhlinzwa okungathi sína . Ngoba kuthatha amasonto ambalwa ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kwalokhu. Futhi, njengoba sikhulume ngakho ngaphambili, le Aortic Valve iyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wethu ukuze usinde. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu futhi yithimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe. Kodwa khumbula, namuhla izinkulungwane zabantu emhlabeni wonke ziye zabhekana ngempumelelo nalokhu kuhlinzwa futhi ziphila impilo enempilo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa Kwevalvu Ye-Aortic | Lokhu kuhilela ukulungisa umonakalo kuvalvu yakho ngaphandle kokuyisusa. Umgomo lapha ukulondoloza izicubu zakho eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka. |
| Ukufakwa Kwevalvu Ye-Aortic (SAVR) | Kule nqubo, ivalvu eyonakele isuswa ngokuphelele bese kufakwa ivalvu entsha endaweni yayo. Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa evame kakhulu. |
Kwabanye abantu, kusetshenziswa indlela yesimanje ebizwa ngokuthi ``Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - TAVR/TAVI'', lapho kudluliswa khona ipayipi emthanjeni wegazi emlenzeni ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Kodwa akunakwenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela indlela efanele wena.
Uma ushintsha ivalvu, usebenzisa hlobo luni lwevalvu?
Ama-valve amasha angafika ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Womabili anezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi.
1. Ama-Tissue Valve: Lawa enziwe ngezicubu zenhliziyo zezilwane (zenkomo noma zengulube). Inzuzo yalawa ukuthi uma esefakiwe, akudingeki ukuthi uthathe ama-anticoagulant impilo yakho yonke. Inkinga ukuthi angaguga ngemva kweminyaka engaba yi-10-15, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi uphinde uhlinzwe.
2. Amavalvu Omshini: Lawa enziwe ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside njengekhabhoni. Ahlala impilo yonke. Asikho isidingo sokuhlinzwa futhi. Kodwa inkinga enkulu ukuthi kukhona ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi kule valve, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi (njengeWarfarin) nsuku zonke impilo yakho yonke . Futhi, kufanele uhlolwe igazi njalo ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.
Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngohlobo lwe-valve olukulungele ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
Silungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze abone ukuthi umzimba wakho usukulungele kangakanani.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nama-valve.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG):Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo uyahlolwa.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray yesifuba.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo: Kulokhu, ithubhu elincane lidluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi liye enhliziyweni ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Hlola izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezinso.
Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzokunikeza isethi yemiyalelo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela ngqo .
- Uzocelwa ukuthi ugweme ukudla noma ukuphuza ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuphuza eminye yemithi oyithathayo njengamanje noma ushintshe umthamo.
- Uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ufike nini esibhedlela.
Uma kukhona okungacacile ngalezi zinto, buza udokotela futhi ukuze uthole iqiniso.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma ucabanga ngale nqubo, kodwa konke lokhu kwenzeka ungaqapheli, ngenkathi usebuthongweni obukhulu.
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa imithi yokubulala izinzwa bese ulaliswa .
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo ube esesika isifuba bese efinyelela enhliziyweni.
3. Uzoxhunywa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu . Lo mshini uthatha umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umoya-mpilo kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwegazi emzimbeni wakho kunikezwa ngalo mshini.
4. Inhliziyo iyamiswa okwesikhashana ukuze udokotela ohlinzayo akwazi ukuhlinza inhliziyo ethule.
5. Okulandelayo, ivalvu ye-aorta iyalungiswa noma ishintshwe.
6. Ngemva kokuba umsebenzi wevalvu usuqediwe, inhliziyo iyaqalwa kabusha .
7. Uzonqanyulwa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu.
8. I-incision izothungwa ivalwe bese udluliselwa ewadini yokululama (ICU).
Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungathatha amahora amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Iyini inqubo yokuhlinzwa?
| Indlela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Evulekile Kwendabuko | Kulokhu, kwenziwa ukusika okude okungamasentimitha angu-6-8 phakathi kwesifuba bese i-sternum ivulwa ukuze kufinyelelwe enhliziyweni. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Okungangeni Kakhulu | Kule ndlela, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okuncane okungamasentimitha angu-2-4, kunokuvula isifuba sonke. Le ndlela iholela ekuphumeni kwegazi okuncane, ukuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane, kanye nokululama okusheshayo. |
Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela efanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ebunzimeni besimo sakho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kanye nohlobo lomzimba wakho.
Sinjani isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzoqala ukungeniswa e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) . Lapho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi kuzoqashwa ngokucophelela. Ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile. Ukuhlala esibhedlela konke kungahlala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5 nezi-7.
Kungathatha amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokuya ekhaya. Uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe ngaphandle kokusikwa okuncane, ungase ululame ngokushesha.
Uzozizwa ukhathele kakhulu emavikini ambalwa okuqala. Lokho kuyinto evamile. Nika umzimba wakho ukuphumula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukuhamba nokwenza izivivinyo ezincane njengoba udokotela wakho esho. Izibhedlela eziningi zinezinhlelo zokuvuselela inhliziyo . Ukubamba iqhaza kulokhu kuzoba usizo olukhulu enkambisweni yakho yokululama.
Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uze uzombona cishe isonto elilodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa bese uphinda futhi cishe emavikini ayisithupha. Qiniseka ukuthi uyahamba ngaleso sikhathi.
Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncane, ukudabuka, noma ukucindezeleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu okufana nalokhu. Lesi yisimo esivamile kubantu abaningi. Uma uzizwa kanje, khuluma nodokotela wakho, ilungu lomndeni, noma umngane omethembayo ngakho.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu kuhlinzwa ukuthi kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo . Yelapha ngokuphelele isimo senhliziyo esingaba yingozi uma singelashwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akugcini nje ngokwandisa isikhathi sakho sokuphila, kodwa futhi kuqeda izimpawu zansuku zonke ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya nokukhathala, okwenza impilo ibe lula kakhulu.
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezingozi ezithile.
- Ukungezwani komzimba nemithi yokubulala izinzwa
- Ukopha
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, inhliziyo, noma amaphaphu
- Amahlule egazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo `(Arrhythmia)` (ngokuvamile okwesikhashana)
- Ukwehla kwesikhashana kokusebenza kwezinso
Lezi zingozi zingase zihluke kuye ngeminyaka yakho kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kodwa khumbula, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizothatha zonke izinyathelo ezingenzeka ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
Yiziphi izikhathi okufanele ukhulume ngazo nodokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha .
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina | - Ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ubomvu obuphuma endaweni yokusikwa |
| - Ukuzizwa ushisa noma ubanda | - Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo) |
| - Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma izinyawo (i-Edema) | - Isisindo esingaphezu kuka-1.5 kg phakathi nesonto |
Kuvamile ukwesaba umqondo wokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Buza yonke imibuzo onayo. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani ngakho bese uthola ukwesekwa kwabo. Lokhu akuyona into okufanele ubhekane nayo wedwa. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kanye nokusekelwa kwabathandekayo bakho, ungalulama ngokushesha futhi uphile impilo enempilo futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aortic valve kuyindlela yokwelapha engathi sína, kodwa esindisa impilo futhi ethuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Buza futhi uphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa. Nikeza umzimba wakho ukuphumula okudingayo . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kancane kancane yiba matasa ngokwengeziwe ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengobuhlungu besifuba, umkhuhlane, nokuvuvukala kwamanxeba. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele futhi ukhathazekile ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ungesabi ukukhuluma ngakho futhi ucele usizo .
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