Ingabe ingane yakho encane idlala yodwa ezweni layo ngaphandle kokujoyina ezinye izingane? Noma ingabe ayibheki ngisho nangemuva uma uyibiza ngegama? Uke waphawula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi iphinda into efanayo? Uma ubona izinto ezinjengalezi, kuyinto evamile ngawe, njengomama noma ubaba, ukuzizwa wesaba futhi usola kancane. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesihloko abazali abaningi abafuna ukusazi, kodwa abangaqiniseki ngaso. Leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-autism.
Okokuqala, masiqonde ukuthi i-autism ayisona isifo!
Lena yinto yokuqala okudingeka siyikhumbule sonke. I-Autism ayisona isifo. Akuyona into edinga ukwelashwa. Ngakho-ke kuyini lokhu?
Kalula nje, i-autism iwushintsho endleleni ubuchopho bengane yakho obusebenza ngayo. Lokhu kungathinta indlela ababona ngayo umhlaba, abaxhumana ngayo nabanye, kanye nokuziphatha kwabo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -neurodivergent . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho babo busebenza ngendlela ehlukile kunobuchopho babantu abaningi (i-neurotypical).
Cabanga ngakho, abanye abantu babhala ngesandla sabo sokudla, kanti abanye babhala ngesandla sabo sobunxele. Kungumehluko nje, akulona iphutha noma isifo. I-Autism injalo. Iyingxenye yobuntu bomntwana.
Futhi i-autism akuyona into efanela wonke umuntu ngobukhulu obufanayo. Ihlukahlukene njengemibala yothingo. Siyibiza ngokuthi i-spectrum . Lokho kusho ukuthi ingane eyodwa ene-autism ingahluka kakhulu kwenye. Amathalente nezinselelo zengane eyodwa akufani komunye. Ngakho-ke, ayikho ikhambi elifanela wonke umuntu ngobukhulu obufanayo. Ingane ngayinye idinga ukusizwa ngendlela efanele yona.
Uma ngisola ukuthi ingane yami ine-autism, yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngizibheke?
Izimpawu ezingabonakala enganeni ene-autism zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko. Lezi zimpawu zingashintsha ngokweminyaka yengane. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
1. Ubunzima ebudlelwaneni bomphakathi kanye nokuxhumana: Izinguquko endleleni abantu abakhuluma futhi baxhumana ngayo nabanye.
2. Amaphethini okuziphatha alinganiselwe futhi aphindaphindayo: Izinto ezifana nokwenza into efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukukhathalela into efanayo.
Ake sibone ukuthi lezi zinto zibukeka kanjani ngokwezinga leminyaka kuthebula elingezansi.
| Iqembu lobudala | Izici ezingabonakala ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo |
|---|---|
| Ingane encane |
|
| Ingane yesikole | |
| Intsha |
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezingabonakala ezindleleni zokuziphatha.
| Iqembu lobudala | Izici zokuziphatha |
|---|---|
| Ingane encane |
|
| Ingane encane/eya esikoleni |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi bonke abantwana benze ezinye zezinto okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla ngesinye isikhathi. Kodwa uma kwenzeka i-autism, lezi akuzona izinto ezivele ziphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi lezi zenzo zingabangela ingane ukuthi ibe nezinselele esikoleni nalapho ixhumana nabangani.
Akuyona yonke into eyinselele! Izingane ezine-autism nazo zinamakhono akhethekile
Njengoba nje sikhulume ngezinselele, sidinga futhi ukukhuluma ngamandla akhethekile namathalente izingane nabantu abadala abane-autism abanawo. Ingane yakho ingaba namathalente anjengalawa:
- Ukwethembeka nokuqondile: Ikhono lokuveza imicabango yakho ngokuqondile nangokwethembeka.
- Inkumbulo enhle kakhulu: Ikhono lokukhumbula izinto ezithile nolwazi ngendlela emangalisayo.
- Ukugxila Okujulile: Ikhono lokugxila esihlokweni noma emsebenzini owuthandayo amahora amaningi bese uba uchwepheshe kuwo.
- Ukunaka imininingwane: Ikhono lokubona ngisho nemininingwane emincane kakhulu abanye abayiphuthelwa.
- Amandla okwenza okulungile: Ukuba nomuzwa oqinile wokulungile nokungalungile kanye nekhono lokwenza okulungile ngisho noma kungekho muntu obukayo.
- Ukucabanga ngendlela ehlukile: Ikhono lokubheka izinkinga ngombono omusha nokuthola izixazululo ezintsha.
Kungani i-autism ivele?
Akukho sizathu esisodwa esitholiwe. Okwamanje kukholakala ukuthi siyinhlanganisela yezici zofuzo kanye nezici zemvelo ezihlobene nokukhulelwa . Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zici zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zithinte intuthuko yobuchopho bengane, okubangela lezi zinguquko.
Ezinye izinto ezikhulisa kancane amathuba okuba ne-autism yilezi:
- Umama uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35.
- Ukukhulelwa futhi kungakapheli nonyaka ngemuva kokuthola umntwana oyedwa.
- Isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa).
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile (isib. i-valproate) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ingane yazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Okubalulekile: Ukuba nalezi zici akusho ukuthi ingane yakho izoba ne-autism nakanjani. Futhi qonda ukuthi akukho kulokhu okuyiphutha lakho.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma unenkinga ngengane yakho, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukukhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho. Lokhu kungenziwa ikakhulukazi emitholampilo yokuthuthukiswa kwengane.
Inqubo yokuxilonga i-autism ivame ukuhamba kanje:
1. Ukuhlolwa: Lapho udokotela wezingane ehlola ukukhula kwengane yakho, uzokubuza imibuzo mayelana nokuziphatha kwengane yakho kanye nokukhuluma kwayo. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe.
2. Ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe: Udokotela wezingane oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ekukhuleni, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, noma omunye uchwepheshe uzohlola ingane. Lokhu kuzofaka:
- Sizoxoxa nawe kabanzi ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho kanye nokukhula kwayo.
- Khuluma nengane, dlala nayo, futhi ubheke ukuziphatha kwayo.
- Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezamukelwa emhlabeni wonke njenge -DSM-5-TR, izimpawu zengane ziyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ziyahambisana yini ne-autism spectrum.
Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma komchamo kwalokhu. Lokhu ukuxilongwa okwenziwa ngokuphelele ngokubheka ukuziphatha kwengane kanye nokukhula kwayo.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa nokusekelwa okungasiza ingane?
Uyakhumbula ukuthi sasho kanjani ekuqaleni ukuthi lesi akusona isifo, ngakho-ke akukho "ikhambi" laso? Kodwa kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingasiza ingane ukuthi ibhekane nezinselele ebhekene nazo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi ithuthukise amakhono ayo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala lokhu kusenesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezinye izimo kanye ne-autism. Isibonelo:
- Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukugxila (ADHD)
- Ukukhathazeka
- Izinkinga zokulala
- Isifo Sokuxhuzula
Uma kunezimo ezinjalo, udokotela uzobanikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo kanye neseluleko. Bangakhuluma nesikole futhi bakhe i-Individualized Education Plan (IEP) efanela izidingo zemfundo zengane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Autism ayisona isifo. Kuwushintsho endleleni ubuchopho bomntwana obusebenza ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ngeke "buphulukiswe" ngemithi. Okudingeka sikwenze ukuqonda ingane nokuyisekela.
- Akuzona zonke izingane ezine-autism ezifanayo. Kuyi-spectrum enezici eziningi ezahlukene. Ingane yakho ingaba namakhono nezinselele ezihlukile.
- Uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho, ungazibambi futhi ukhathazeke ngakho, kodwa bona udokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze akunike iseluleko.
- Uma ingane iqala ngokushesha ukwesekwa kokwelashwa ekudingayo, kulapho kuzoba ngcono khona ngekusasa layo.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Kukhona odokotela, abelaphi, nabanye abazali abangakusiza wena nomntanakho. Ngolwazi olufanele kanye nokusekelwa, ungasiza ingane yakho iphile impilo enhle nephumelelayo.
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