Wake waphawula ukuthi abanye abantu banemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi emilenzeni yabo, ikakhulukazi endaweni yezinsini? Mhlawumbe nawe kuye kwadingeka ume usuku lonke futhi kusihlwa imilenze yakho izizwa ivuvukele, isinda, futhi ibuhlungu. Abaningi bethu bacabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile, kodwa ngemuva kwalokhu kunendaba mayelana nohlelo lwemithambo olubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Umlingiswa oyinhloko kuleyo ndaba "yi-Saphenous Vein". Namuhla sikhuluma ngalokhu, umthambo omude kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Saphenous Vein?
Kulungile, ake sikubeke kanje. Imithambo yegazi ethambile yimithambo yegazi esiza ekuthwaleni igazi lisuka emilenzeni yakho libuyele enhliziyweni yakho. Lena imigwaqo emincane nje eholela kusukela emilenzeni yethu liye ezinhliziyweni zethu. Sinezinhlobo ezimbili zemithambo yegazi ethambile emilenzeni yethu ngayinye.
1. I-Great Saphenous Vein: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Long Saphenous Vein, lena yi-vein ende kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu . Cabanga nje, isuka onyaweni lwakho ize ifike emlenzeni wakho, ize ifike phezulu ethangeni lakho.
2. Umthambo Omncane We-Saphenous: Lo mthambo uqala onyaweni, ugijimela ngemuva komlenze, eduze kwe-groin, bese uphela ngemuva kwedolo.
Yomibili le mithambo yenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuthwala igazi lisuka emilenzeni yethu libuyele enhliziyweni.
Uyini ngempela umsebenzi walesi simiso semithambo yegazi?
Umthambo wakho we-saphenous, njengeminye imithambo eminingi emzimbeni wethu, uthwala igazi "elingcolile" eliphelelwe umoya-mpilo ulibuyisele enhliziyweni. Imithambo ye-saphenous iqoqa igazi emithanjeni eminingi emincane ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni yethu. Imithambo ye-saphenous ibe isithwala leli gazi iye emithanjeni emikhulu emilenzeni ephezulu. Ukusuka lapho, igazi liya phezulu emlenzeni, ekugcineni lijoyina omunye wemithambo eyinhloko emzimbeni wethu , i-Inferior Vena Cava, eya ngqo enhliziyweni.
Lonke lolu hlelo luyingxenye yesimiso sethu sokujikeleza kwegazi. Cabanga ngalo njengenethiwekhi yemigwaqo edolobheni. Igazi yizimoto ezihamba kule migwaqo. Lezi zimoto zinomsebenzi oqhubekayo okufanele ziwenze. Lokho ukuthwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba kuwo wonke amaseli nezicubu zomzimba wethu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphandle kokuma umzuzu owodwa.
Pho kungani leli gazi kufanele libuyele enhliziyweni? Isizathu siwukuthi njalo lapho inhliziyo ishaya, inhliziyo ipompa leli gazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liye emaphashini. Kusemaphashini lapho leli gazi liphinde lifakwe umoya-mpilo khona bese kususwa i-carbon dioxide engafuneki.
Igazi "elihlanzekile", elicebile ngomoya-mpilo, libuyela enhliziyweni. Inhliziyo ibe isipompa lelo gazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngemva kokujikeleza emzimbeni wonke nokusabalalisa umoya-mpilo, igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo libuyela emithanjeni bese liqala uhambo lwalo olubuyela enhliziyweni. Lo mjikelezo uyaqhubeka ngokungapheli.
Kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi lo mthambo usetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo?
Yebo, leyo ndaba iyiqiniso. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abahlinzayo bathatha ingxenye yomthambo wakho othambile bese beyisebenzisa "njengesixhumi" kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) .
Kalula nje, lapho imithambo yegazi yomuntu, ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni yakhe, ivinjwa yizinqwaba zamafutha, imisipha yenhliziyo ayitholi igazi eliyidingayo. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-CABG kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi igazi ligeleze eduze kokuvaleka. Kufana nokwakha i-bypass ukuze idlule umgwaqo omatasa.
Ukuze kudalwe le ndlela entsha, odokotela abahlinzayo badinga umthambo wegazi omuhle. Ngaleso sikhathi, bathatha umthambo kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wethu. Umthambo ovame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kulokhu umthambo othambile emlenzeni. Ngoba ukususa lo mthambo ngeke kube nomthelela omkhulu ekujikelezeni kwegazi emlenzeni. Ngoba sinesinye isimiso semithambo ejulile emilenzeni yethu esenza lowo msebenzi.
Uphi lo mthambo futhi wakhiwa kanjani?
Imithambo ye-saphenous iyimithambo engaphezulu etholakala ebusweni besikhumba sethu, hhayi ejulile kakhulu. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala ikhukhumele.
Izindonga zale mithambo zakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-membrane:
- I-Tunica adventitia: Lolu ungqimba olungaphandle kakhulu. Lunikeza umthambo amandla nesimo sawo.
- I-Tunica media: Ungqimba oluphakathi. Luqukethe amangqamuzana emisipha abushelelezi. Lolu ngqimba lusiza umthambo ukuthi unwebeke futhi unciphe kuye ngokuthi igazi ligeleza kangakanani.
- I-Tunica intima: Ingqimba engaphakathi. Amaseli ayo abushelelezi avumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula ngaphandle kwesithiyo.
Esinye isici esibaluleke kakhulu sale mithambo yegazi ama-valve ahamba ngendlela eyodwa . Cabanga ngawo njengeminyango emincane. Le minyango ivula indlela eyodwa kuphela, okuyiphezulu. Lapho igazi ligeleza lisuka emilenzeni ngokumelene namandla adonsela phansi, la ma-valve ayavaleka, avimbele igazi ukuthi ligeleze libuyele phansi. Ngokuvamile kune-valve eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-12 ku-Great Saphenous Vein.
Izimo ezivamile ezithinta umthambo we-saphenous
Izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemithambo emilenzeni yethu. Lezi zingathinta nemithambo ye-saphenous.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Imithambo ye-Varicose | Lesi yisimo abaningi bethu abasijwayele. Imithambo yegazi iyavuvukala, iphenduke, bese ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/nsomi ebusweni besikhumba. Nakuba lokhu ngokuvamile kungenangozi, ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nezilonda zesikhumba. |
| Ukuntuleka Kwemithambo Emikhulu Okungapheli | Lesi simo senzeka lapho ama-valve emithambo emilenzeni, esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, eba buthakathaka. Ngemuva kwalokho igazi alihambi kahle bese lihlangana emilenzeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emilenzeni. |
| I-Thrombophlebitis Engaphandle | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ongaphezulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi indawo ibe bomvu, ifudumale futhi ibe buhlungu. |
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngalo mthambo? (Izimpawu)
Uma unenkinga ngemithambo yakho ye-saphenous noma yimuphi omunye umthambo emlenzeni wakho, ungase ube nalezi zimpawu. Kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Isibonakaliso | Lokho kusho ukuthi... |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, noma izinyawo (i-Edema) | Ikakhulukazi uma izinyawo zakho zivuvukala ekupheleni kosuku ngemva kokuma isikhathi eside. Uma izicathulo zakho zizwakala ziqinile. |
| Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwela lapho ucindezelwa | Imilenze, ikakhulukazi lapho imithambo ibonakala khona, imane ibuhlungu noma izwa ubuhlungu uma icindezelwa ngomunwe. |
| Ubunzima, ukukhathala, noma ubuhlungu emilenzeni | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi usinda emilenzeni yakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu emilenzeni obubavusa ebusuku. |
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Isikhumba esomile, esixebukayo, esilumayo emilenzeni, noma umbala onsundu wesikhumba kungaba izimpawu zokungahambi kahle kwegazi. |
Wenzani njengokwelashwa?
Indlela yokwelashwa incike esimweni sakho. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola ukwelashwa okufanayo. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivame ukusetshenziswa:
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuma isikhathi eside, ukunciphisa ukuhlala, ukugcina izinyawo zakho ziphakeme esihlalweni, ukwehlisa isisindo, nokugqoka amasokisi okucindezela njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Sclerotherapy: Uketshezi olukhethekile noma igwebu lifakwa ngqo emthanjeni, okubangela ukuthi linciphe futhi linyamalale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- I-Endovenous Thermal Ablation: Lokhu kusebenzisa imisebe ye-laser noma amagagasi omsakazo ukushisa nokuvala umthambo owonakele ngaphakathi.
- Ukuhlinzwa (Ukubopha Nokukhumula Imithambo): Umthambo owonakele uyaboshwa futhi ususwe ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Uma ihlule legazi lakheke emthanjeni, udokotela wakho angase akunike le mithi ukuze alincibilikise futhi avimbele amahlule engeziwe ukuthi akheke.
Ngakho-ke singayigcina kanjani le mithambo iphilile?
Kunezinto eziningi ezilula ongazenza nsuku zonke ukuze ulondoloze impilo yemithambo yakho.
- Gwema imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele. Ukubhema kubangela umonakalo omkhulu emithanjeni yegazi lakho.
- Hlala usebenza ngangokunokwenzeka.Ungahlali endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside. Uma usebenza ehhovisi, vuka uhambehamba okungenani kanye ngehora.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Landela ukudla okunempilo okuhambisana nenhliziyo.
- Hamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30, okungenani izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto. Lokhu kuwukuzivocavoca okuhle kakhulu empilweni yemithambo yakho.
- Uma kufanele uhlale isikhathi eside (isib. ohambweni olude), thatha ikhefu elifushane bese welula imilenze yakho. Uma ungakwazi ukuma, hlala phansi bese ugoqa amaqakala akho phezulu naphansi.
Eminye imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Ingabe umthambo we-saphenous ungumthambo we-varicose?
Cha. Umthambo wakho we-saphenous ungase ube nempilo futhi ungabi nazinkinga. Umthambo we-varicose umthambo ovuvukile, owonakele, futhi ongasebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi lapho umuntu eba nemithambo ye-varicose, kuvame ukuthinta imithambo ye-saphenous. Ngenxa yokuthi itholakala ebusweni besikhumba, ibonakala kalula uma ivuvukala futhi iphenduka.
Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngaphandle komthambo we-saphenous?
Yebo, kungakwenza lokho. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi unesinye isimiso esikhulu semithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi ejulile) ethwala igazi lisuka emilenzeni yakho. Eqinisweni, imithambo yegazi ejulile ithwala igazi elikhulu kakhulu kunemithambo yegazi engaphezulu. Ngakho-ke uma ususa umthambo we-saphenous, eminye imithambo yegazi ingathatha lowo msebenzi.
Ingabe lokhu kuyindlela ejulile?
Cha. Zombili i-Great Saphenous Vein kanye ne-Small Saphenous Vein ziyimithambo engaphezulu. Ziqoqa igazi eduze kwesikhumba bese ziliyisa emithanjeni ejulile.
Sivame ukukhohlwa ukuthi imithambo yethu yegazi isebenza kanzima kangakanani. Asicabangi ngisho nangayo kuze kube yilapho kuvela inkinga. Nakuba imithambo evuvukele ivame, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yingozi uma ingelashwa. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma izinguquko emilenzeni yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umthambo we-saphenous umthambo ongaphezulu omude kakhulu nobaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, oqala phansi komlenze wakho ukhuphuke.
- Imithambo ye-Varicose iyinkinga evamile engahlotshaniswa nale mithambo.
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubuhlungu, kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba kungaba izimpawu zenkinga yemithambo yegazi. Ungakuzibi lokhu.
- Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokugwema ukubhema kubalulekile empilweni yemithambo yakho.
- Uma unezinkinga noma ukukhathazeka ngemithambo esemilenzeni yakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
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