Uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wakho, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba, lufana nebutho elivikela izwe. Umsebenzi waleli butho ukuhlonza nokuhlasela izitha ezifana namagciwane namagciwane avela ngaphandle, nokusisindisa ezifweni. Kodwa, cabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lokubhujiswa obelungenzeka uma leli butho lenza iphutha elincane futhi liqale ukuhlasela abantu abalungile ezweni lakithi, licabanga ukuthi bayizitha? Yilokho okwenzekayo esifweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP). Lapha, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lucabanga ngephutha ukuthi i-pancreas yethu iyisitha bese iqala ukuyihlasela.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP)?
Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, amasosha omzimba wethu ahlasela ama-pancreas ethu, okubangela ukuvuvukala okungapheli, noma i-pancreatitis. Kuphela lapho lo monakalo uvela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho izinkinga ezinkulu ziqala khona. Ngokuvamile, singase singaziboni izimpawu kuze kube yilapho sekuvele umonakalo omkhulu.
Kungaba nzima ukuthola lesi sifo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi yisifo esingavamile, izimpawu azibonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ngisho nasezikrinini, singabonakala njengezinye izifo, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza we-pancreatic . Lokhu kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kubantu abaningi. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma usuthole ukuthi unaso lesi sifo futhi uqala ukwelashwa okufanele, ungalulama ngokushesha .
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP):
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi sifo. Indlela ezithinta ngayo imizimba yethu ihlukile kancane. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isici | Uhlobo 1 (Uhlobo 1 lwe-AIP) | Uhlobo 2 (Uhlobo 2 lwe-AIP) |
|---|---|---|
| Amanye amagama | Yaziwa nangokuthi isifo esihlobene ne-IgG4. | Yaziwa nangokuthi i-idiopathic duct-centric chronic pancreatitis (IDCP). |
| Izitho ezithintekile | Ngaphezu kwe-pancreas, ezinye izitho ezifana ne-bile ducts, izinso, isibindi, amaphaphu, kanye nezindlala zamathe nazo zingathinteka. | Ngokuvamile kukhawulelwe kuma-pancreas . |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Izinga lama-antibodies e- IgG4 egazini liyakhula. | Amazinga e-IgG4 awavamile ukwanda. |
| Iminyaka evamile kakhulu | Ngokuvamile ngemva kweminyaka engama-60. Kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa. | Ngokuvamile kwenzeka esemncane . Kuthinta ubulili bobabili ngokulinganayo. |
| Ezinye izifo ezihlobene | Kungase kuhlotshaniswe nezinye izifo ezizimele. | Cishe ama-30% eziguli angaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD) . |
| Ukubuyela emuva | Kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi izimpawu zibuye ngemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa. | Amathuba okuthi izimpawu ziphinde zivele mancane . |
Okuningi mayelana ne-Type 1 AIP...
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyingxenye yeqembu elikhulu lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi izifo ezihlobene ne-IgG4. I-IgG4 uhlobo lwe-antibody olukhiqizwa umzimba wethu. Kulesi sifo, i-IgG4 kanye namaseli omzimba abizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-plasma ahlangana ukuze ahambe ngezicubu ze-pancreas, okubangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi.
Okuningi mayelana ne-Type 2 AIP...
Kulolu hlobo, amazinga e-IgG4 awakhuphuki. Futhi ezinye izitho zomzimba azithinteki. Kodwa-ke, laba bantu ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nezigameko eziphindaphindayo ze-pancreatitis ebukhali. Okusho ukuthi, i-pancreas ivuvukala ngokuzumayo bese kuvela izimpawu, ezibe seziphela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Nakuba kungase kungabi nazimpawu isikhathi eside, uphawu lokuqala oluvame ukubonakala yi- jaundice engenabuhlungu . Lolu uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu noma emhlane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-pancreas yethu itholakala phakathi kwesisu nomgogodla.
Cabanga nje, kukhona indoda eneminyaka engaba ngu-65 ubudala. Amehlo ayo aphenduka aphuzi ngokuzumayo, umzimba wayo waphenduka ophuzi. Inciphile isisindo. Kodwa akukho buhlungu obukhulu esiswini sayo. Noma ubani angasaba ukubona into efana nale. Kulapho kuphela eya kudokotela futhi enza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene lapho ethola khona ukuthi lokhu akusiwo umdlavuza, kodwa yi-Autoimmune Pancreatitis.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungabona lezi zimpawu:
- Umchamo omnyama kanye nendle ekhanyayo (eyashintsha ibe mhlophe)
- Ukukhathala
- Ukungagayeki kahle kokudla
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Kungani lesi sifo senzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Eqinisweni, ososayensi abakakwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi kungani lezi zifo zokuzivikela komzimba zikhula. Bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo kanye nezici zemvelo . Isibonelo, lapho umzimba wethu uthola ukutheleleka okukhulu, amasosha omzimba wethu angaba namandla okulwa nakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokuba ukulwa sekuphelile, uhlelo lungakhohlwa ukuthi luzola kanjani bese luqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana alo.
Futhi, umuntu osevele enesifo sokuzivikela komzimba kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi abe ne-AIP. Isibonelo:
- Isifo sikaHashimoto (isifo esihlobene nendlala yegilo)
- I-ulcerative colitis (ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu amakhulu)
- Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
- I-Sjögren's syndrome (isifo lapho izindlala zamathe nezenyembezi zoma khona)
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?
Ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside kungalimaza izitho zethu zomzimba. Lokhu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwezicubu zesibazi. Lokhu kusibazi kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-pancreas. Ngemuva kwalokho, umzimba wethu uyayeka ukukhiqiza ama-hormone nama-enzyme owadingayo, okungaholela ezinkingeni zokugaya ukudla kanye nesifo sikashukela.
Kunezinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko ezingabonakala:
1. Ukuqina kwenyongo: Imigudu yenyongo ethwala inyongo, uketshezi olukhiqizwa esibindini sethu, iye emathunjini idlula ku-pancreas. Lapho i-pancreas ivuvukala noma iba nezibazi, le migudu ingavimbeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, inyongo iqoqana emzimbeni, okubangela i-jaundice.
2. Ingozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic: Lena yileyo abantu abaningi abayesabayo. I-autoimmune pancreatitis ayiwona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, umuntu one-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, unengozi encane kakhulu (cishe u-1% - 2%) yokuba nomdlavuza we-pancreatic. Njengoba izimpawu zalezi zifo zombili zifana, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi ezimbili. Yingakho udokotela wakho ezokuhlola ngokucophelela lokhu.
Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Lokhu kufana nendaba yabaseshi. Ukuhlolwa okukodwa akukwazi ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqeda ezinye izifo, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza. Yingakho udokotela ezokwenza izivivinyo eziningana.
| Indlela yokuhlola | Kwenziwani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Amazinga e-antibody e-IgG4, amazinga e-enzyme yesibindi kanye ne-pancreatic ayahlolwa. Izinto ezifana nezimpawu zomdlavuza nazo zingahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini isimo somdlavuza. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe | Izikena ze-MRI noma ze-CT zibheka ukuvuvukala noma izibazi kuma-pancreas nakwezinye izitho zomzimba. I-MRI scan ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-MRCP ibheka eduze imisele ye-bile kanye nohlelo lwemisele ye-pancreatic. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji | I-Endoscopic Ultrasound, indlela lapho kuthathwa khona ingxenye encane yezicubu ku-pancreas kusetshenziswa i-endoscope bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope, inembe ngokuphelele ekuxilongweni kwesifo. |
| Isivivinyo sokwelashwa | Kwezinye izimo, udokotela uzoqala umuthi osetshenziselwa i-AIP (corticosteroids) bese ebona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka yini. Uma izimpawu zithuthuka ngokushesha, lokho futhi kuwubufakazi bokusekela ukuxilongwa. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelela kakhulu kwe-autoimmune pancreatitis uhlobo lwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids . I-Prednisone umuthi osetshenziswa kakhulu. Le mithi isebenza ngokuthulisa amasosha omzimba ethu asebenza ngokweqile nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngomthamo ophezulu womuthi . Njengoba izimpawu zakho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa ithuthuka, udokotela wakho uzonciphisa umthamo kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokuyeka ukuthatha ama-steroid, ungase unikezwe eminye imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ukusiza ukulawula lesi sifo.
Uma kunezinkinga, njengokuvaleka kwe-bile duct, lokhu kuzodingeka kuphathwe ngokwehlukana. Isibonelo, i-stent ingafakwa ukuvula i-duct evalekile. Akuvamile kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
Impilo izoba njani ngalesi sifo?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-autoimmune pancreatitis iyisifo esingelapheka kakhulu . Ungabona intuthuko enkulu ezimpawini zakho zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa uqale ukwelashwa ngama-steroid. Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuthatha imithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi (ikakhulukazi ku-Type 1 AIP) izimpawu zingase zibuye (ziphinde zibuyele emuva) ngemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungadingeka uqhubeke nokuthatha imithi ngesilinganiso esiphansi. Udokotela wakho uzoqhubeka nokuqapha isimo sakho futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelashwa olukulungele kangcono.
Lokhu kungaba yisifo esicashile ngandlela thile. Izimpawu zingahlala zingabonwa iminyaka eminingi, futhi uma izimpawu zivela, zingadida. Ngakho-ke kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zalesi sifo, futhi ngokwelashwa, ungalulama ngokushesha. Lokho kuzokunika amandla amakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Autoimmune Pancreatitis (AIP) yisifo esibangelwa ukuthi amasosha omzimba ethu ahlasela ama-pancreas ethu.
- I-jaundice engenabuhlungu kanye nokwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki kungaba yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
- Nakuba kungase kubonakale njengomdlavuza we-pancreatic kuma-scan, i-AIP ayiwona umdlavuza. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lokhu kokubili ngokuhlola okufanele.
- Lesi sifo sisabela kahle kakhulu ekwelashweni nge-corticosteroids futhi singelapheka ngokushesha.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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