Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakhuluma ngomuthi 'we-biologic'? Noma wake wezwa umuntu ekhuluma ngesifo esingathi sína njengomdlavuza noma i-arthritis? Igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalezi zindlela ze-biologic, okuthiwa ziyikusasa lezokwelapha, ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zinto eziphilayo?
Cabanga ngephilisi le-paracetamol esivame ukulithatha. Lenziwa elabhorethri ngokuhlanganisa amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Kodwa i-biologics ayiyona imithi eyenziwe ngamakhemikhali. Lenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo, okungukuthi, ngamaseli aphilayo.
Kalula nje, ososayensi bathatha amaprotheni noma izinto zofuzo emithonjeni ephilayo, njengamaseli abantu, amaseli ezilwane, noma ama-microorganism, bese besebenzisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ukuze bawaguqule abe izidakamizwa. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-biotechnology . Kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ebucayi, futhi ebiza kakhulu. Yingakho le mithi ibiza kakhulu kunemithi evamile.
Namuhla, lezi zindlela zebhayoloji zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi okunzima ukuzilawula ngemithi evamile.
Yiziphi izibonelo ze-biologics?
Ngisho noma ungajwayelene negama elithi "biologics," kunezinye izinto eziphilayo esizaziyo futhi esizisebenzisayo sonke. Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo ezibalulekile. Ezinye zazo zingase zibe zijwayelekile kuwe.
| Uhlobo lwebhayoloji | Izimo zokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|
| Imigomo | Ukuvimbela izifo ezithelelanayo ezifana nesimungumungwane, ukhunta kanye ne-COVID-19. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-insulin | Ukulawula isifo sikashukela. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy | Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza. |
| Ukwelashwa ngama-antibody e-monoclonal | Ngomdlavuza, isifo samathambo, kanye nezifo ezithile ezifana ne-COVID-19. |
| Ukwelashwa ngamaseli e-stem | Ngomdlavuza wegazi kanye nezifo zegazi ezifana ne-leukemia. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-gene | Ukulungisa izifo zofuzo ezifana ne-hemophilia. |
| Igazi nemikhiqizo yegazi | Ukuyeka ukopha uma kwenzeka ingozi kanye nokwelapha izifo zegazi. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-biologics?
Kunezinzuzo eziningi ezigulini ezivela kulezi zinhlobo zemithi.
Ukuvikela umhlaba ezifweni ezithelelanayo
Imithi yokugoma esiyithola sonke kusukela ebuntwaneni iyizibonelo ezindala kakhulu neziphumelele kakhulu zemithi yezinto eziphilayo. Le mithi yokugoma isize ekuqedeni izifo ezifana ne-smallpox emhlabeni. Imithi yokugoma isiza ekusindiseni izigidi zabantu minyaka yonke. Lapho kufika ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19, sasazi ukuthi imithi yokugoma eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo ibaluleke kangakanani ukuyilawula.
Ithemba elisha leziguli ezinomdlavuza
I-biologics ishintshe kakhulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa nge -immunotherapy kuqeqesha amasosha omzimba ukuthi aqaphele futhi ahlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lawa anganikezwa kanye ne-chemotherapy noma i-radiation ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela.
Ukuphatha ukuvuvukala okungapheli kanye nezifo ezizimele
Izifo ezifana ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis kanye ne-Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) zibizwa ngokuthi izifo ezizimele . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana awo aphilile. I-biologics iphumelela kakhulu ekulawuleni ubuhlungu obungapheli kanye nokuvuvukala okwenzeka kulezi zifo.
Ngokuvamile, imithi efana ne-corticosteroids, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha lezi zimo, inemiphumela emibi eminingi uma ithathwa isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, i-biologics ihlose futhi ivimbe kuphela indlela ethile yokuzivikela komzimba ebangela ukuvuvukala. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela emibi engafuneki ayivamile kakhulu.
Azikho yini izinkinga nezingozi ezibangelwa yizinto eziphilayo?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-biologics inezinkinga ezithile kanye nezingozi okudingeka siziqaphele.
1. Ukukhiqiza kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyabiza
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lezi zenziwa ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana aphilayo, ngakho-ke inqubo yokukhiqiza iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Futhi ngisho noshintsho oluncane lungathinta ikhwalithi yomuthi. Ngenxa yalokhu, le mithi ithatha isikhathi eside ukufika emakethe futhi ibiza kakhulu.
2. Umzimba ungase ube nempendulo yomzimba.
Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ifana nezinto eziphilayo, ngezinye izikhathi amasosha omzimba wethu acabanga ukuthi leli yigciwane elibangela lesi sifo. Bese lisebenza ngokumelene nomuthi futhi lizama ukubhubhisa amandla awo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kungenzeka. Ngoba iningi lezinto eziphilayo zingamaprotheni, futhi ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka kumaprotheni.
3. Ivame ukunikezwa njengomjovo.
I-biologics ivame ukungafiki njengamaphilisi. Inikezwa njengokuzijova ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma njengokufakwa kwe-IV (njenge-saline) emthanjeni esibhedlela. Lokhu kungaba yinto engakhululekile kumuntu ongathandi ukujova. Kungaba nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu endaweni yokujova.
4. Izingozi zemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba
I-biologics, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, isebenza ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ngezinga elithile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-immunosuppression . Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuthola ngisho nezifo ezivamile, njengomkhuhlane kanye ne-flu.
Kodwa asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma lo muthi ngemva kokuhlola zonke izici, okuhlanganisa umonakalo obangelwa yilesi sifo, izinzuzo zomuthi, kanye nezingozi zomuthi, bese ekhetha inketho engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Ingabe kufanele ngibuze udokotela nge-biologics?
Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho angase akuphakamisele i-biologic kuqala. Noma, uma uzama ukwelashwa okuvamile kuqala futhi ungaboni miphumela, ungase ucabangele i-biologics njengesinyathelo esilandelayo.
Odokotela bezinto eziphilayo bakwazile ukushintsha izimpilo zabantu abanezifo ezingathi sína nezingapheli ezingasabelanga kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
Nakuba imithi evamile izohlala inendawo kwezokwelapha, i-biologics cishe iyikusasa lezokwelapha. Ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa lobu buchwepheshe, bezama ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha eziningi zezifo eziningi ezinemiphumela emibi embalwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-biologics uhlobo lomuthi onamandla nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu owenziwe ngemithombo ephilayo. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo okunzima ukuzilawula ngokwelashwa okuvamile.
- Imijovo eminingi, i-insulin, kanye nokwelashwa kwesimanje komdlavuza nezifo zamalunga esizisebenzisayo kuwela esigabeni se-biologics.
- Nakuba lokhu kunikeza imiphumela ephumelela kakhulu, kuyabiza, kuvame ukunikezwa njengomjovo, futhi kungabangela imiphumela emibi njengokusabela komzimba noma ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka.
- Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-biologic kulungile yini kuwe, ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngalokhu.
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