Uyazi nge-Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE)? Ake sixoxe!

Ungase ube ngumuntu othanda ukuhamba ngezinyawo emahlathini noma ukukhuphuka izintaba. Noma ungase uhlele uhambo oluya kwezinye izingxenye zaseYurophu noma e-Asia. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, kufanele futhi ucabange ngokuqaphela izilwane ezincane, okungukuthi amakhizane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingadluliselwa yizikhizane ezinjalo, futhi esingaba yingozi kancane. Leyo yi-Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) .

Kuyini i-encephalitis ethwalwa yizikhaza (TBE)?

Kalula nje, (i-TBE) yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa ngamakhizane . Abantu abaningi abasitholayo ababonisi zimpawu. Abanye abantu baba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile futhi baba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, kungaba nzima kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, kungathinta uhlelo lwezinzwa , kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu njengokulahlekelwa ukwazi nokukhubazeka. Kukhona futhi umuthi wokugomela labo abasengozini enkulu.

Leli gciwane (TBE) litholakala kakhulu ezingxenyeni zaseYurophu nase-Asia . Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zaleli gciwane, kuye ngesifunda: iYurophu, iMpumalanga Ekude kanye neSiberia. Ngokusho kolwazi lwamanje, leli gciwane (TBE) alidluliselwa ngamakhizane eMelika. Nakuba lingavamile kakhulu eSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu uma uhambela la mazwe.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo (TBE)?

Izimpawu ze-TBE zivame ukuvela ngezigaba ezimbili .

Izimpawu zokuqala ziqala cishe isonto ngemuva kokulunywa yizimpukane. Zihlanganisa:

• Imfiva
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba
• Ukukhathala
• Isicanucanu
• Isifiso sokudla

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, kamuva, ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu zesibili zezinzwa . Lezi zifaka:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya, okusho ubunzima bokubheka ukukhanya (i-photophobia)
• Ukudideka noma ushintsho esimweni sengqondo
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Izimo ezinjengokukhubazeka kobuso
• Izimpawu zesifo sokuwa (ukuquleka)

Cabanga ukuthi uhambe ngezinyawo endaweni enamahlathi eYurophu futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa waba nomkhuhlane futhi wazizwa ubuthakathaka. Wabe usuphela kancane, wabe usuqala ukuba nomkhuhlane futhi, waqala ukuhlanza ngekhanda elibuhlungu, futhi kungaba yi-TBE. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.

Yini ebangela lokhu (TBE)?

(TBE) ibangelwa yigciwane . Leli gciwane libizwa ngokuthi `(TBEV)`. Liyigciwane elingowohlobo `(Flavivirus)` kanye nomndeni `(Flaviridae)`. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zalokhu:

• Uhlobo lwaseYurophu:Idluliselwa uhlobo lwemikhaza ebizwa ngokuthi `(Ixodes ricinus)` (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-castor bean tick). Ingabonakala ezingxenyeni zaseMpumalanga, ePhakathi, naseNyakatho Yurophu. Ivame kakhulu emazweni afana ne-Estonia, iLatvia, neLithuania.
• Uhlobo lwaseMpumalanga Ekude: Lokhu kudluliswa uhlobo lwemikhaza ebizwa ngokuthi `(Ixodes persulcatus)` (eyaziwa nangokuthi imikhaza ye-taiga). Itholakala emazweni anjengempumalanga yeRussia, iShayina, neJapan. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Russian spring-summer encephalitis.
• Uhlobo lwaseSiberia: Lokhu kudluliswa futhi yi-tick efanayo (i-Ixodes persulcatus). Ingatholakala eSiberia, ezintabeni zase-Ural, kanye nasezingxenyeni zasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeYurophu eRussia.

Lesi sifo (TBE) sisakazeka kanjani?

Igciwane (TBE) lisakazeka kakhulu ngokulunywa yikhizane elithelelekile . Amakhizane athwala leli gciwane ahlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi eYurophu nase-Asia.

Kutholakale nokuthi lesi sifo singadluliselwa ngokuphuza ubisi olungafakwanga amagciwane kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi, futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, ngokuncelisa. Ngakho-ke, uma uhamba kulezi zindawo, kungcono ukuqaphela kancane lapho udla imikhiqizo yobisi evela emithonjeni engaziwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga zesifo (i-TBE)?

Izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-TBE ukuvuvukala kobuchopho, noma i-encephalitis, kanye nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla, noma i-meningitis . Lezi zimo yizona ezibangela izimpawu zesigaba sesibili se-TBE. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukhubazeka
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Izinkinga ngokulinganisela nokuxhumana
• Izinkinga ngenkulumo nokusetshenziswa kolimi

Kuyesabeka kancane ukuzwa lezi zinto. Kodwa-ke, uma unolwazi olufanele futhi uthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo, unganciphisa le ngozi.

Itholakala kanjani i-TBE?

Odokotela bazobheka izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wohambo lwakho wakamuva ukuze bahlole i-TBE. Isibonelo, bangase bakubuze ukuthi usanda kuhamba yini uye endaweni yase-Asia noma eYurophu lapho kuvame khona imikhaza ethwala igciwane (TBEV).

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuxilongwa, kungadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlolwe igazi noma umpompi womgogodla . Nakuba lokhu kungase kwesabise kancane, kuwukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu kokuxilongwa.

Ngisho noma ungakhumbuli ukulunywa yi-tick, uma uke waya endaweni lapho kungase kube khona ama-tick futhi waba nezimpawu ezifana nalezo okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo (i-TBE)?

Eqinisweni, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwesifo (i-TBE). Okusho ukuthi, akukabikho umuthi othize wokuqeda leli gciwane.

Nokho, ukusiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokululama:

• Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Ukuphumula
• Ukusebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu evamile (njengoba kunqunywe udokotela)

Ungenza izinto ezinjalo.

Uma isifo siba sibi kakhulu, balaliswa esibhedlela futhi belashwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela. Abanye abantu kungadingeka baxhunywe emshinini wokuphefumula (umoya womshini) uma benenkinga yokuphefumula.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngithola (TBE)?

Izimpawu ongase uzizwe uma uthola i-TBE zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwegciwane . Uhlobo lwaseYurophu nolwaseSiberia cishe alubangeli izinkinga zezinzwa kunehlobo lwaseMpumalanga Ekude. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lwaseSiberia ngezinye izikhathi lungabangela ukugula kwesikhathi eside noma okungamahlalakhona .

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-TBE, kungenzeka ukuthi izimpawu zezinzwa zingase zivele ezinsukwini ezingu-20 ngemva kokuba izimpawu zokuqala seziphelile.

Uma kukhulunywa ngesilinganiso sokufa ngenxa ye-TBE, singaphansi kuka-3% kubantu baseYurophu naseSiberia abane-TBE. Kodwa-ke, singafinyelela ku-35% kubantu baseMpumalanga Ekude abane-TBE. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu futhi uzivikele.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela/ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma uke waba sendaweni lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane futhi uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma ukubanda, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Udokotela uzobe esekweluleka ngokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingathi sína okufanele uziqaphele.

Nini ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) :

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezinzima, kufanele uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukudideka noma ushintsho esimweni sengqondo
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwesisindo somzimba
• Ukukhubazeka
• Izimpawu zesifo sokuwa (ukuquleka)

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma ubona udokotela, kungaba usizo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngigonywa kanjani uma ngiya endaweni lapho i-TBE ivame khona?
• Ngingazinakekela kanjani ekhaya?
• Ingabe ngisengozini yokuthola izimpawu ezinzima?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiziqaphele?

Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo (TBE)?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ekuthelelekeni (i-TBE) ukugonywa . Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka, njengalabo abenza imisebenzi yangaphandle ezindaweni lapho amakhizane ethwala khona igciwane (i-TBEV), bangathola lo muthi wokugoma. Uma uya ezweni elinjalo, khuluma nodokotela ngalokhu ngaphambi kokuba uhambe.

Futhi, nciphisa ingozi yokulunywa yizimpukane.ungakwazi:

• Gqoka amabhulukwe amade, amasokisi, kanye namahembe anemikhono emide uma ungaphandle ezindaweni lapho kungase kube khona amakhizane.
• Sebenzisa isixosha izimbungulu esine-DEET .
• Ngemva kokubuya ngaphandle , zihlole wena nezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi azinawo yini amakhizane . Hlola izindawo ongaziboni, njengekhanda, intamo, nomhlane, noma ngabe omunye umuntu uyazibona.
• Khuluma nodokotela wezilwane wakho mayelana nendlela yokuvikela izilwane zakho zangaphandle ezifweni zamakhizane.
• Gcina utshani engadini yakho bufushane .

Okokugcina, gwema ukuphuza ubisi olungaphekiwe noma imikhiqizo yobisi (njenge-ayisikhilimu noshizi) ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi iqukethe igciwane le-TBEV.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo i-(TBE) nesifo i-Lyme?

Nakuba kokubili i-TBE nesifo se-Lyme kuyizifo ezithwalwa yizimpukane, ziyizifo ezimbili ezihlukene.

• (TBE) ibangelwa yigciwane , futhi ayikho indlela ethile yokwelapha ngayo.
• Isifo se-Lyme sibangelwa amagciwane futhi singelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Isifo se-Lyme sivame nakwezinye izindawo zaseYurophu nase-Asia lapho i-TBE ivame khona. Kodwa-ke, i-TBE ayidluliselwa ngamakhizane eMelika (yize isifo se-Lyme sinjalo).

Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukwazi ukuthi ukulunywa yizinambuzane kumane kuyinkathazo noma kuyinto engathi sína kakhulu. Kodwa kuhlale kungumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezingadluliselwa yizilwane ezifana namakhizane ezindaweni ohlala kuzo noma ohamba kuzo. Uma usengozini, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa ngamakhizane, esingaba sibi kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu uma uhamba ezindaweni ezithile ezinamahlathi eYurophu nase-Asia.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqwashisa nokuphepha. Uma uya endaweni eyingozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokugonyelwa i-encephalitis ebangelwa yizintwala (TBE). Landela izinyathelo zokuphepha ezinconywayo ukuze uzivikele ezintwala. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu.

Uma ucabanga ngalezi zinto, ungahlela uhambo lwakho ngaphandle kokwesaba. Hlala uphilile!

I- TBE, i-Tick-Borne Encephalitis, amakhizane, umkhuhlane wobuchopho, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, impilo yokuhamba, izimpawu