Uzizwe wesaba kancane lapho ubona okuthile okuhlukile embikweni wakho wegazi futhi udokotela wathi, "Ake sibheke umongo wamathambo?" Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi imibuzo efana nokuthi, "O, usho ukufuthwa komongo wamathambo? Ingabe kuzolimaza kakhulu? Kungani kwenziwa lokhu?" ifike engqondweni yakho. Kodwa ungesabi nhlobo. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalolu vivinyo olubizwa ngokuthi i-Bone Marrow Aspiration ngendlela elula kakhulu ezophendula yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufuthwa kwe-Bone Marrow?
Kulula kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho, noma phakathi kwamathambo akho amakhulu, kukhona izicubu ezithambile, ezithambile kanye noketshezi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi umnkantsha wethambo . Wonke amangqamuzana umzimba wakho owadingayo, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, kanye nama-platelet, enziwa kulo mnkantsha wethambo. Ngakho-ke kufana nefektri yegazi.
Ukufutha kwe-Bone Marrow kuyinqubo lapho uchwepheshe (ngokuvamile udokotela we-hematologist noma umdlavuza) esebenzisa inaliti encane, engenalutho ukususa isampula encane yengxenye ewuketshezi yomongo wakho wethambo. Lesi sampula sibe sesihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka.
Lokhu akuyona ngempela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kumane nje kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela inkinga egazini lakho.
Kungani udokotela ekucela ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo?
Ngokuvamile, uma kukhona ushintsho olungachazeki emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi (njenge-Full Blood Count), lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana.
| Izizathu eziyinhloko zokudluliselwa kokuhlolwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Uma usola umdlavuza wegazi | Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale izimo ezifana ne-leukemia, i-lymphoma, noma i-myeloma. |
| Thola ezinye izifo zegazi | Thola imbangela yezimo ezifana ne-anemia engachazeki, amazinga e-iron akhuphukile emzimbeni, kanye nokubalwa kwamaseli amhlophe egazi noma ama-platelet aphansi noma aphezulu ngendlela engavamile. |
| Izifo ezingaziwa | Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza nokuthola imbangela yomkhuhlane noma ukutheleleka emzimbeni isikhathi eside. |
| Linganisa impendulo yokwelashwa | Uma umuntu esevele ethola ukwelashwa komdlavuza wegazi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele yini. |
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Lokhu akudingi ukulungiselela okuningi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinto ezimbalwa.
- Vulela udokotela wakho isifuba: Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi). Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Uma wesaba, ungabi namahloni okusho: Abantu abaningi bazizwa besaba kancane noma bekhathazekile ngalesi sivivinyo. Lokho kujwayelekile. Uma uzizwa ngaleyo ndlela, tshela udokotela wakho. Bangakunika imithi yokukuthulisa futhi ikukhulule.
- Letha umuntu: Uma unikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukucindezeleka, akukhuthazwa ukushayela ngemuva kokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuletha umuntu ozokushayela ekhaya.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-30-45 kuphela. Ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Ake sibheke kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani.
| Izinyathelo | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukulungiselela | Umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kuzolinganiswa. Uzobekwa endaweni ekhululekile etafuleni lokuhlolwa, kungaba ngesisu noma ngohlangothi. |
| 2. Ukuba ndikindiki | Lesi sampula sivame ukuthathwa ngemuva kwethambo lesinqe. Ngakho-ke, isikhumba esikuleyo ndawo sihlanzwa kahle bese kufakwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ukuze usenze singabi namizwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokushisa , njengokungathi intuthwane iluma ipenisi yakho. |
| 3. Ukufaka inaliti | Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-anesthesia, udokotela wenza i-incision encane esikhumbeni bese efaka inaliti ekhethekile ethanjeni le-pelvic. Ngeke uzizwe lokhu ngoba kubuhlungu. |
| 4. Ukuthatha isampula | Okulandelayo, i-syringe inamathiselwa enalitini bese kukhishwa inani elincane loketshezi emnkantsheni. Kuleli qophelo, ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obudonswayo noma obuqhumayo ethangeni nasemlenzeni imizuzwana embalwa. Abantu abaningi bathi lena yingxenye engakhululeki kakhulu yokuhlolwa. Kodwa ihlala isikhathi esifushane kuphela. |
| 5. Ukuqeda | Ngemva kokuthathwa kwesampula, inaliti iyasuswa bese indawo imbozwa ngeplasta noma ngebhandeji. Yilokho kuphela. |
Yini okufanele ngiyazi ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ungaphumula isikhashana bese uya ekhaya. Khumbula lezi zinto.
- Gcina indawo yebhandishi ihlanzekile futhi yomile okungenani amahora angama-24 . Ungayimanzisi indawo lapho ugeza. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokweluleka ukuthi ulisuse nini ibhandishi.
- Kuvamile ukuzwa ukuklwebheka okuncane kanye nobuhlungu izinsuku ezimbalwa lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obuncane lapho ugoba noma uhambahamba.
- Kungase kube nokulimala okuncane esikhumbeni kuleyo ndawo. Lokhu kuzophola ngokwako kungakapheli isonto.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi kulokhu?
Ukufutha kwe-Bone Marrow kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile ezingavela kaningi. Lezi zifaka:
- Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi oqeda izinhlungu.
- Ukopha.
- Ukutheleleka.
Lezi azivamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka, kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka. |
| Okuthile okuvuzayo kusuka endaweni yokubhoboza | Uma kukhona uketshezi olufana nobomvu olumhlophe noma oluphuzi oluphumayo. |
| Ukopha okukhulu | Uma ibhandishi limanzi futhi liqhubeka nokopha. |
| Ukuvuvukala nokufudumala | Uma indawo ebhoboziwe izwakala ivuvukele futhi ishisa kunezinye izindawo uma ithintwa. |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-aspiration kanye ne-biopsy?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nange-"Bone Marrow Biopsy." Zombili izindlela zokuhlola umongo wamathambo. Umehluko ulula kakhulu.
- Ukufutha: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye ewuketshezi yomnkantsha.
- I-Biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ucezu lwezicubu ezijiyile, ezithambile ezitholakala emnkantsheni wethambo.
Ngokuvamile, odokotela benza zombili lezi zivivinyo ngesikhathi esisodwa ngoba ngaleyo ndlela bangathola isithombe esiphelele sesifo.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi umbiko ufike?
Ngemva kokuthathwa kwesampula, ithunyelwa ukuze kuhlolwe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa ukuthi umbiko ufike. Kuya ngezinhlobo zokuhlolwa ezicelwa udokotela. Isibonelo:
- I-Flow Cytometry
- INHLANZI (Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Fluorescence In Situ)
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Karyotype
- Ukulandelana kwesizukulwane esilandelayo
Ungesabi ngala magama. Lawa amasu esimanje asetshenziswa ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe izinguquko zofuzo emaseli akho, uhlobo lwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, njalo njalo. Uma umbiko usufikile, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ngokucacile ukuthi uthini, usho ukuthini, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufutha kwe-Bone Marrow akuyona indlela enkulu yokwesatshwa. Kuyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu nesiphephile sokuthola imbangela eqondile yezinkinga zegazi.
- Ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki okuzwayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kungokwesikhashana. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi ubhekane nakho.
- Kuyilungelo lakho ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile nganoma yikuphi ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka onakho nodokotela wakho.
- Imiphumela yalolu vivinyo iyisinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni isifo ngokunembile nasekuqaliseni ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwaso. Ngakho-ke bheka lokhu ngendlela enhle.
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