Uma wena noma othile omaziyo etholakale enomdlavuza webele , kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, ushaqekile, futhi ungaqiniseki. "Kwenzekani manje?", "Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engizoluthola?", "Ingabe lokhu kuzolapheka?" yonke imibuzo efika engqondweni. Okokuqala, qonda ukuthi awuwedwa ngalesi sikhathi. Namuhla sizokhuluma 'ngesigaba', into ebalulekile enquma ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele, nokuthi ukwelashwa kuhlelwa kanjani ngokwesigaba ngasinye.
Iyini 'isigaba' somdlavuza?
Kalula nje, isigaba somdlavuza siyindlela yokuchaza ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani emzimbeni wakho. Njengokumaka lapho sikukhona ebalazweni, odokotela basebenzisa lolu hlelo 'lokubeka izigaba' ukuze baqonde isimo esiqondile somdlavuza. Lokhu kunqunywa yizici ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Usayizi wesimila: Singakanani isimila?
2. Ukusabalala noma Ukusabalala Kwezicubu: Ingabe isimila sisakazeke ngaphandle kwebele, kuma -lymph node emakhwapheni, noma kwezinye izitho ezikude emzimbeni (njengesibindi, amaphaphu, amathambo)?
Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, umdlavuza webele uhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko (0 kuya ku-IV). Ukwazi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe kanye nethimba lezokwelapha elikwelaphayo.
Ingabe ukwelashwa kunqunywa yisigaba kuphela?
Cha. Nakuba isigaba siyinto ebalulekile, akusona sodwa. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela ezinye izinto eziningi ukuze adale uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Uhlobo lomdlavuza webele onalo: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele.
- Inani lezimila ezinomdlavuza: Ingabe yisisu esisodwa noma eziningana?
- Isivinini umdlavuza okhula ngaso: Eminye imidlavuza ikhula kancane, kanti eminye isakazeka ngokushesha.
- Ubudala bakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke: Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela noma isifo senhliziyo.
- Wake waba nomdlavuza webele ngaphambili?
- Uhlobo lwamaseli omdlavuza: Ukuthi ama-hormone abesifazane ayathinta ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza (isimo se-hormone receptor), noma ukuthi izici ezithile zofuzo ezifana ne -HER2 zikhona kulawo maseli, nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni ukwelashwa.
Khumbula, umdlavuza womuntu wonke uhlukile. Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa okufanayo okwanikezwa umngane wakho kungase kungasebenzi kuwe.Uhlelo lokwelashwa lwenzelwe wena ngqo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha zesigaba ngasinye?
Kulungile, ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezivame ukufaneleka esigabeni ngasinye. Lokhu kumane nje kuyisiqondiso esilula sokuqala. Khumbula ukuthi uhlelo lwakho oluqondile lokwelashwa luzonqunywa udokotela wakho.
| Isigaba somdlavuza | Incazelo elula | Ukwelashwa okusetshenziswa njalo |
|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 0 (I-Ductal Carcinoma in Situ - DCIS) | Lesi yisigaba sokuqala kakhulu. Amaseli omdlavuza atholakala kuphela emigudwini yobisi yebele. Awakasabalali ezicutshini ezizungezile. | - Ukuhlinzwa: ukususwa kweqhubu kuphela (i-lumpectomy) noma mhlawumbe ukususwa ngokuphelele kwebele (i-mastectomy). - Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Kuvame ukunikezwa ngemva kokuba isimila sisusiwe. - Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Uma umdlavuza ungowohlobo oluxhomeke kuma-hormone. |
| Isigaba I | Umdlavuza usewumncane. Uqukethwe ngaphakathi kwebele. Awukasabalali uye kuma-lymph node ekhwapheni (noma awusabalali kakhulu). | - Ukuhlinzwa: (Ukususwa kwe-Lumpectomy noma i-Mastectomy). Kwenziwa i-sentinel lymph node biopsy. - Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu cishe njalo kunikezwa uma uhlinzwa i-lumpectomy. - Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe: Kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza, kungadingeka ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngamahomoni, noma ukwelashwa okuqondiwe. |
| Isigaba II | Iqhubu likhulu kancane, futhi/noma umdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi usakazekele kuma-lymph node aseduze ekhwapheni. | - Ukuhlinzwa: (Ukususwa kwe-Lumpectomy noma i-Mastectomy). - Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Kunganikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ukunciphisa isimila) noma ngemva kwalokho. - Ukwelashwa ngemisebe. - Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kanye nokwelashwa okuqondiwe: kuye ngohlobo lomdlavuza. |
| Isigaba III | Lesi yisimo 'esithuthuke kakhulu endaweni'. Umdlavuza ususakazeke ngaphandle kwebele uye odongeni lwesifuba noma esikhumbeni. Ususakazeke kuma-lymph node amaningana ekhwapheni. Kodwa awusakazekanga ezithweni ezikude. | - Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala nge-chemotherapy. Umgomo uwukunciphisa isimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. - Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokuvamile i-Mastectomy. - Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: ngemva kokuhlinzwa. - Ama-hormone kanye nezindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe. |
| Isigaba IV | Lona umdlavuza 'osakazeke kakhulu'. Umdlavuza ususakazeke ngale kwebele kanye nama-lymph node aseduze waya ezithweni ezikude emzimbeni (njengamathambo, amaphaphu, isibindi, ubuchopho). | - Umgomo oyinhloko: ukulawula lesi sifo, ukunciphisa izimpawu, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila. - Ukwelashwa: Lokhu ukwelashwa okusemzimbeni okuthinta umzimba wonke. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa ngamahomoni, ukwelashwa okuqondiwe, kanye nokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy yizona eziyinhloko. - Ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ukuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokunciphisa ubuhlungu. |
Khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Lolu lwazi lungase luzwakale lungaphezu kwamandla, kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenzelwe ukukusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi ekwelashweni kwakho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizoxoxa nawe ngakho konke lokhu.
Yenza uhlu lwazo zonke imibuzo yakho kanye nokwesaba bese ukuletha kudokotela wakho. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo efana nokuthi, "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yalokhu kwelashwa?", "Kuzodingeka ngihlale esibhedlela isikhathi esingakanani?", "Ingabe kudingeka ngishintshe ukudla kwami?" Ungumhlanganyeli okhuthele ezinqumweni zakho zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
Uhambo lokwelashwa komdlavuza webele lungaba yinselele. Kodwa khumbula, ngesayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla, lesi sifo selapheka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi. Futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu ezingasiza ekugcineni impilo isezingeni elihle kuzo zonke izigaba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kuyinqubo eyenzelwe umuntu ngamunye eyingqayizivele.
- Isigaba somdlavuza siyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni ukwelashwa. Kodwa akusona sodwa. Kunezinye izici eziningi eziwuthintayo, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomdlavuza, isimo sakho samahomoni, kanye nobudala bakho.
- Uma umdlavuza usheshe utholakale, kulapho kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha futhi kulapho amathuba okululama ngokugcwele eba makhulu khona.
- Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo nokukhuluma ngokwesaba kwakho nokukhathazeka kwakho. Uyingxenye ebalulekile yohambo lwakho lwempilo.
- Ukusekelwa nothando lomndeni nabangani kuzoba amandla amakhulu kuwe kulolu hambo. Ungazami ukulwa wedwa.
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