Ake sifunde ngemithi yesifo sikashukela i-Canagliflozin kanye ne-Metformin.

Ingabe unesifo sikashukela, noma isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili? Noma ingabe othile omaziyo unalesi simo? Khona-ke udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukunike inhlanganisela yemithi emibili, okuyi-Canagliflozin kanye ne-Metformin, ikakhulukazi iphilisi elikhishwa isikhathi eside . Igama lomkhiqizo lalokhu kungaba yi-Invokamet XR. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngalo muthi namuhla, akunjalo?

Kwenzekani ngempela ngalo muthi?

Kalula nje, lo muthi usetshenziselwa ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho (i-glucose egazini) . Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kunezinguquko ezithile endleleni umzimba wethu olawula ngayo ushukela. Lo muthi usebenza ngokwehlisa lawo mazinga kashukela futhi ukusize uhlale uphilile. Kulokhu, i-'Canagliflozin' isiza umzimba ukukhipha ushukela omningi ngomchamo, kuyilapho i-'Metformin' inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kukashukela yisibindi futhi yandisa ukuzwela kwamaseli omzimba ku-insulin. Kodwa khumbula, lo muthi wodwa akwanele. Ukudla okuhle nokuzivocavoca umzimba nakho kubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu.

Yiziphi izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi. Ngoba, yilapho kuphela lapho udokotela anganquma khona ukuthi lo muthi ukufanele yini noma cha, noma ukuthi umthamo udinga ukushintshwa. Cabanga nje, uma ungamtsheli udokotela le mininingwane, ungase ubhekane nezinkinga ezingadingekile.

• Uma une-'Anemia'
• Uma unesifo semithambo yegazi
• Uma uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi
• Uma uke waba ne-`Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)` (ukwanda kwe-asidi egazini ngenxa yesifo sikashukela)
• Uma udla ukudla okunosawoti omncane
• Uma udla kancane ngenxa yokugula, ukuhlinzwa, ukudla okunempilo, noma ezinye izizathu
• Uma unezilonda ezinyaweni
• Uma uzohlinzwa esikhathini esizayo
• Uma unesifo senhliziyo
• Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu (`i-cholesterol ephezulu`)
• Uma izinga le-potassium egazini liphezulu (`Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini`)
• Uma uke wasuswa umlenze noma ingxenye ngaphambilini (`Umlando wokunqunywa kwesikhumba`)
• Uma unomlando we-pancreatitis noma ezinye izinkinga nge-pancreas yakho
• Uma unomlando wokutheleleka kwemvubelo yepenis noma yesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Uma uphuza utshwala njalo
• Uma uthola izifo esinyeni, ezinso, noma emgudwini womchamo
• Uma unesifo sezinso (lo muthi awufaneleki uma ukusebenza kwezinso kungaphansi kwezinga elithile)
• Uma unesifo sesibindi
• Uma unesifo somfutho wegazi esiphansi (`umfutho wegazi ophansi`)
• Uma unomonakalo wezinzwa
• Uma ungumuntu ohlinzwa nge-hemodialysis
• Uma une-`Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)` (isimo lapho kwakheka khona ama-cyst kuma-ovari)
• Uma unezinkinga zokuchama
• Uma unesifo esibi noma ulimele
• Uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (Lo muthi ungowalabo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2)
• Uma ungowesilisa ongasokile
• Uma uhlanza njalo
• Uma une-allergy ku-Canagliflozin, i-Metformin, eminye imithi, ukudla, amadayi, noma izithasiselo
• Uma ukhulelwe noma uzama ukukhulelwa
• Uma ungumama oncelisayo (`oncelisayo`)

Ungakhathazeki ngalolu hlu. Akuwona wonke umuntu osebenza kuwo. Kodwa uma kukhona okukusebenzelayo, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngokuphepha kwakho .

Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lo muthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani kahle.

• Kufanele uphuze leli philisi nengilazi yamanzi .
• Lokhu kufanele kuthathwe nokudla . Ngokuvamile kudla ukudla okuyinhloko kokuqala kosuku. Noma njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Gwinya ithebhulethi lonke . Ungalichobozi noma ulihlafune. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lenzelwe ukusebenza isikhathi eside. Uma uliphula, umuthi uzomuncwa emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha, okubangela ukwehla okungazelelwe koshukela egazini noma ezinye izinkinga.
• Thatha imithi oyinikeziwe, ngesikhathi osinqunyiwe, ngesilinganiso osinqunyiwe, njengoba kuqondiswe kwilebula kadokotela.
• Ungaphuzi ngaphezu kwalokho okunconywa udokotela, noma uphuze kaningi.
• Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ukuba akhuphuke ngokuzumayo.

Uma uthola lo muthi ekhemisi, uzonikezwa incwajana yolwazi ekhethekile (i-'MedGuide') kanye nawo. Qiniseka ukuthi uyayifunda ngokucophelela njalo uma uthola umuthi wakho noma uthola 'ukugcwalisa kabusha'. Uqukethe ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile kuwe.

Ingabe lo muthi unganikezwa izingane?

Kufanele ukhulume nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana nokunikeza izingane lo muthi. Lo muthi ngokuvamile unikezwa abantu abadala. Uma udingeka ezinganeni, udinga izizathu ezikhethekile kanye nokubhekwa.

Kuthiwani uma uphuza kakhulu? ('Umthamo ongaphezu komthamo`)

Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, iya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi (isib. Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Solwazi Ngezipoyi - 0112 686 143) . Ungachithi isikhathi.

Okubalulekile: Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungabelani ngomuthi wakho nabanye, noma ngabe banesimo esifana nesakho. Ngoba umuthi osebenzela omunye umuntu ungase ungasebenzeli omunye.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?

O, ngezinye izikhathi uphuthelwa umthamo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula . Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo (isb., phakathi namahora ambalwa), yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ushukela wakho wegazi wehle kakhulu.

Yimiphi eminye imithi engasebenzisana nalo muthi?

Leli futhi liphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi we-'Canagliflozin; Metformin', akukhuthazwa ukuthatha eminye imithi. Futhi, ingase ihlangane neminye imithi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (eyalelwe udokotela, leyo oyithenga ekhemisi, imithi yendabuko, amavithamini, ngisho 'nezithasiselo zokudla'). Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubhema ugwayi, uphuza utshwala, noma uthatha eminye imithi.

Imithi okungafanele ithathwe nalo muthi:

• Izinhlobo ezithile zemithi 'ephikisanayo', enikezwa ngemithambo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okuthile njenge-X-ray, i-CT scans, kanye ne-MRIs, zingathinta izinso futhi, uma zihlanganiswa ne-'Metformin', zandisa ingozi yesimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Lactic Acidosis'.
• `I-Dofetilide` (lo umuthi onikezwa isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile).

Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi:

(Lolu hlu lungase lungaphelele, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho konke okuthathayo)

• `I-Acetazolamide`
• Utshwala - Kwandisa ingozi ye-lactic acidosis futhi kungabangela noshukela wegazi ophansi.
• Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane ye-HIV noma i-Hepatitis
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (isib. ama-beta-blockers, angafihla izimpawu zoshukela wegazi ophansi)
• 'I-Cimetidine'
• `I-Dichlorphenamide`
• I-Digoxin (umuthi wenhliziyo) - Amazinga e-Digoxin angashintsha uma ethathwa ne-Canagliflozin.
• Imithi yokuhlanza (imithi ebangela ukwanda kokuchama) - Yandisa ingozi yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Ama-hormone e-estrogen noma i-progestin
• `I-Glycopyrrolate`
• `Isoniazid` (umuthi wesifo sofuba)
• `I-Lamotrigine`
• `I-Lithium`
• `I-Memantine`
• `I-Methazolamide`
• 'I-Metoclopramide'
• `I-Midodrine`
• `I-Niacin`
• `I-Phenobarbital`
• Ama-phenothiazine (isib. i-chlorpromazine, i-prochlorperazine, i-thioridazine)
• `I-Phenytoin`
• `I-Ranolazine`
• I-Rifampin (umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sofuba noma ezinye izifo) - Inganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-Canagliflozin.
• `I-Ritonavir`
• Imithi ye-steroid (isib. i-prednisone noma i-cortisone) - ingakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini.
• Imithi evuselelayo yokuphazamiseka kokunaka, ukwehlisa isisindo, noma ukuhlala uphapheme
• Imithi ye-thyroid
• `I-Topiramate`
• `I-Trospium`
• `I-Vandetanib`
• `I-Zonisamide`

Cabanga nje, ziningi izinto ezingashintsha umphumela walo muthi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo .

Yiziphi izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha lo muthi?

Uma usebenzisa lo muthi, udinga ukuqaphela impilo yakho kancane.

• Bona udokotela wakho njalo ('ukuhlolwa okuvamile') ukuze uqaphe isimo sakho . Thola ukuhlolwa okufana nokusebenza kwezinso kanye namazinga e-vitamin B12 njengoba udokotela wakho encoma.
• Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi uqukethe i-'Metformin', ngezinye izikhathi i-asidi egazini ingaba phezulu ngendlela eyingozi ('Lactic Acidosis') . Nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu, kungaba yingozi kakhulu uma kwenzeka. Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, ukukhathala okungavamile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukuzizwa ubanda, noma isiyezi, yeka ukuthatha lo muthi ngokushesha bese ushayela udokotela wakho noma uye esibhedlela . Uma kungenzeka, hlola nomchamo wakho ukuthola ama-ketone nge-'ketone dipstick'.
• I-Canagliflozin ingadala nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) . Lesi yisimo lapho amazinga kashukela egazini engakhuphuki khona kakhulu. Izimpawu zifaka ukoma ngokweqile, ukuchama njalo, umlomo owomile, ukukhathala, iphunga lokuphefumula elinjengezithelo, ukuphefumula okunzima, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
• Udokotela wakho uvame uku-oda ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi `i-HbA1C (A1C)` ukuze abone ukuthi ushukela wakho wegazi ulawulwa kahle kangakanani . Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Kungabonisa ukuthi ushukela wakho wegazi ulawulwe kahle kangakanani esikhathini sezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-3-6.
• Funda ukuthi ungawahlola kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ekhaya . Futhi, qaphela izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (hypoglycemia) kanye noshukela ophezulu egazini (hyperglycemia) nokuthi ungazilawula kanjani .
• Hlala ugcina umthombo osheshayo kashukela (isib. ama-cubes kashukela, amaphilisi kashukela, isiphuzo esinoshukela, ijusi yezithelo) nawe uma kwenzeka uzwa izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (ukujuluka, ukuthuthumela, indlala enkulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, ukudideka). Kodwa-ke, uma uquleka noma unesifo sokuwa , tshela amalungu omndeni wakho ukuthi angase aminze uma ezama ukukunika ukudla noma isiphuzo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka , kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha .
• Lo muthi ungase wehlise amazinga akho e-folic acid kanye ne-vitamin B12, ikakhulukazi nge-metformin. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi udla amavithamini anele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Udokotela wakho angase akunike isithasiselo samavithamini uma kudingeka.
• Gwema ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni . Phuza amanzi amaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kushisa, uma uzivocavoca, noma uma unesisu esibuhlungu.
• Nakekela izinyawo zakho ngokukhethekile . Hlola izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke, njengoba kunengozi encane yokutheleleka noma ukunqunywa kwemilenze engezansi ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi (ikakhulukazi i-Canagliflozin). Ngakho-ke uma unezilonda, imifantu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala ezinyaweni zakho, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Eminye iyingozi futhi kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Eminye ivame ukungabi yimbi kakhulu, kodwa uma iqhubeka, kuwumqondo omuhle ukutshela udokotela wakho .

Imiphumela emibi okufanele uyitshele udokotela wakho ngokushesha

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba : ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, amaqhubu (amaqhubu abomvu esikhumbeni), ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo (kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula).
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni : Ukoma okwandayo, umlomo owomile, isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umchamo ophuzi noma onsundu omnyama, ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo.
• I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (i-DKA) : Ukoma noma ukuchama okwandayo, umlomo owomile, ukukhathala okukhulu, iphunga lokuphefumula elinjengezithelo, ukuphefumula okunzima, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.
• Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese : (esithweni sangasese kwabesifazane, epenis kwabesilisa) ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu noma ukulunywa, iphunga elibi, kanye noketshezi olumhlophe olujiyile noma olugobile.
• Ukwanda kwe-lactic acid egazini (`Lactic Acidosis`) : Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ukuqaqamba, ubuhlungu besisu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukungakhululeki okuvamile kanye nokukhathala, isiyezi, ukubanda.
• Ukutheleleka okuzungeze izitho zangasese noma endaweni eholela endunu (`i-Fournier's gangrene`) : ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqina, noma ubuhlungu, ngezinye izikhathi nomkhuhlane. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, esisongela impilo, ngakho-ke tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.
• Izinga eliphansi levithamini B12 : Ubuhlungu, ukungazweli, noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ezithweni, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, isiyezi, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukudideka, ulimi olubuhlungu, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukuqina okusha emlenzeni noma onyaweni, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izilonda noma izilonda, noma ukutheleleka.Lezi futhi yizinto okudingeka zibhekwe ngokushesha.
• Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI) : Umuzwa wokushisa lapho uchama, ukuchama njalo, umchamo onegazi noma onamafu, ubuhlungu emhlane noma esinqeni esingezansi, umkhuhlane.
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo : Ezinye izifundo zibonise ingozi ekhulayo kancane yokuphuka kwamathambo kubantu abathatha i-Canagliflozin. Ngakho-ke qaphela ukuwa.

Imiphumela emibi evame ukungadingi iseluleko sezokwelapha, kodwa uma iqhubeka, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho.

• Uhudo
• Igesi
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isicanucanu
• Ubuhlungu Besisu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ukuchama kaningi
• Ukoma ngokweqile

Lolu hlu lungase lungabi nayo yonke imiphumela emibi. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungabika futhi imiphumela emibi ku-FDA (Food and Drug Administration) ku-1-800-FDA-1088.

Kufanele uwugcine kanjani umuthi wakho?

Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukugcina imithi yakho ngendlela efanele.

• Gcina kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
• Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-15 no-30, phakathi kwama-degree Fahrenheit angu-59 no-86). Vikela ekuswakameni ngokweqile kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ungagcini ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu, njengasendlini yokugezela.
• Ungayisebenzisi imithi ephelelwe yisikhathi. Yilahle.

Uyilahla kanjani imithi engasetshenziswanga nephelelwe yisikhathi?

• Uma kungenzeka, nikela ngalo muthi ohlelweni lokubuyisela imithi. Ungathola ngezindawo ezinjalo ekhemisi lakho noma neziphathimandla zezempilo zasendaweni yakho.
• Uma kungenjalo, hlola ilebula ebhodleleni/ephaketheni lomuthi ukuze ubone ukuthi kufanele yini ulahlwe emgqonyeni kadoti noma uhlanzwe endlini yangasese. Uma ungaqiniseki, buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi.
• Uma ungawulahla emgqonyeni kadoti (okuvame ukuba njalo), khipha umuthi esitsheni, uwuxube nento ongeke uyidle muntu, njengekhofi elisetshenzisiwe, inhlabathi, noma udoti wekati, bese uwufaka esikhwameni noma esitsheni esivalekayo bese uwulahla emgqonyeni kadoti. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela omunye umuntu ukuthi athole umuthi futhi awusebenzise.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu ngemithi yesifo sikashukela ethi 'Canagliflozin' kanye nethi 'Metformin'. Ngamafuphi:

• Lona umuthi obalulekile wesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili olawula ushukela egazini .
• Imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakala uma lokhu kuhlanganiswa nokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca.
• Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
• Njengoba nje udokotela eshilo,Phuza umthamo onqunyiwe, ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, kanye nokudla . Gwinya ithebhulethi lonke.
• Qaphela izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (hypoglycemia) futhi ugcine ushukela eduze uma uwudinga.
• Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile (ikakhulukazi izimpawu ezingaba khona ze-'DKA' noma i-'Lactic Acidosis', izifo zesitho sangasese sowesifazane (ingozi ye-'Fournier's gangrene'), izilonda emilenzeni, izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni), tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
• Hlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho futhi uxoxe ngesimo sakho. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo.

Khumbula, lo muthi uwusizo kuphela ekulawuleni isifo sikashukela sakho. Impilo yakho incike ngokuphelele endleleni yakho yokuphila, ekudleni, nasekulandeleni imiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Lo muthi awusiqedi isifo sikashukela, usiza ekusilawuleni kuphela.

Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho, usokhemisi, noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo. Bakhona ukuzokusiza.

I- Canagliflozin, i-Metformin, i-Invokamet XR, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo sikashukela, ushukela wegazi, imithi yesifo sikashukela, imiphumela emibi