Uke wakhwehlela izinsuku ezimbalwa? Mhlawumbe ngokuthimula kancane? Ngokuvamile sicabanga ngalokhu njengezimpawu zomkhuhlane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu ezincane kungase kube nokunye okudingeka sikunake. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo samaphaphu abantu abaningi abangakaze bezwe ngaso, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ngaso. Leso yi-Lung Carcinoid Tumors. Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama kanye negama elithi "isimila". Masiqonde lokhu ngqo.
Ziyini Izimila Ze-Lung Carcinoid?
Kalula nje, lolu uhlobo lwesimila esinomdlavuza esakheka emaphashini. Kodwa alunalo ulaka noma lusakazeka ngokushesha njengoba singase sicabange lapho sizwa igama elithi "umdlavuza." Lawa mathumba akhula ohlotsheni olukhethekile lweseli emaphashini ethu olubizwa ngokuthi "amaseli e-Neuroendocrine."
Cabanga ngala maseli "e-Neuroendocrine" njengezithunywa ezincane emizimbeni yethu. Angathola imiyalezo efana namaseli ezinzwa, futhi, njengamaseli e-endocrine, akhiqiza ama-hormone asekelwe kulawo miyalezo ukulawula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emzimbeni. Ngaphakathi emaphashini, lawa maseli asiza ukulawula izinto ezifana nobuningi bomoya esiwuphefumulayo kanye nokugeleza kwegazi.
Ngakho-ke, ngesizathu esithile, lapho la maseli eqala ukuhlukana ngokungalawuleki, kwakheka isimila lapho. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(i-Carcinoid Tumor)`. La mathumba angakheka nasezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni, njengomgudu wokugaya ukudla kanye nezinso. Kodwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu yawo yakheka emaphashini.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zala mantongomane.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi, ngoba ukwelashwa kanye nohlobo lwesifo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo.
1. Izimila Ezivamile Ze-Carcinoid
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Lubangela u-90% wezimila zamaphaphu ezitholakala zine-carcinoid. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi lezi zimila zikhula kancane kakhulu futhi azivamile ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukwelashwa ngempumelelo.
2. Izimila ze-Carcinoid ezingavamile
Lolu hlobo aluvamile kangako. Lungakhula ngokushesha kunohlobo olujwayelekile. Luphinde lusakazeke nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kutholakale nokuthi ingozi yokuthola lolu hlobo "(olungavamile)" iphezulu phakathi kwababhemayo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni, lezi zihlukile kakhulu kumdlavuza wamaphaphu ojwayelekile futhi zisabela kahle ekwelashweni.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Esikhathini esiningi, ikakhulukazi labo abanezimila "ezijwayelekile" , abantu abaningi ababi nazo izimpawu.Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-X-ray yesifuba ngesinye isizathu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
Ngizokwethula lezi zici etafuleni ukuze kube lula ukuziqonda.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezivamile ezihlobene namaphaphu | |
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukukhwehlela okuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi okune-mucus noma igazi elincane. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula kakhulu. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) | Ubuhlungu buyazwakala ngisho nalapho wenza umsebenzi ojwayelekile. |
| Umsindo wokukhala komoya lapho uphefumula | Ukuphefumula umsindo ozwakalayo lapho uphefumula ngaphandle, ofana nowabantu abane-asthma. |
| Izimpawu ezihambisana ne-Carcinoid Syndrome | |
| Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu | Isimo esibangelwa ama-hormone afana ne-serotonin akhiqizwa yilesi simila. |
| Ububomvu bobuso nentamo | Ukubomvu okungazelelwe kanye nokusha kwesikhumba ebusweni nasentanyeni. |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yemiphumela yama-hormone. |
Lezi zimpawu, ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Carcinoid Syndrome', zenzeka ngoba isimila sikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi kunalawo umzimba owadingayo bese siwafaka egazini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubonakali njalo.
Kungani la mathumba akheka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani la maseli "e-neuroendocrine" eqala ukuhlukana ngokungazelelwe, kodwa bathole ukuthi abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi simo.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Kukhona isimo sofuzo esingavamile, esizuzwe njengefa esibizwa ngokuthi "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).` Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu yokuthola izimila ze-carcinoid.
- Ukubhema: Ukubhema kungasiza ekukhuleni kwezimila, ikakhulukazi izimila "ezingavamile".
- Ubulili: Abesifazane basengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola lesi simo.
- Ubudala: Nakuba kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-45 no-55, lesi simo singavela kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, ngisho nezingane ezincane.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Kulungile, ake sithi unalezi zimpawu. Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, bese ehlola amaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope. Ngemuva kwalokho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe kaningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
1. Ukuthwebula Izithombe: Isinyathelo sokuqala i-X-ray yesifuba . Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini okungajwayelekile emaphashini. I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) ingenziwa ukuze kutholakale ngokucacile usayizi nendawo yesimila.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubona ukuthi ama-hormone athile akhiqizwa yilezi zimila akhona yini egazini noma emchameni.
3. I-Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokuqinisekisa lesi sifo ngo-100%. Okwenziwa lapha ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezivela esigaxeni bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kungasho futhi ukuthi isigaxa "Sivamile" noma "Singajwayelekile". Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokuthola lesi sigaxa sezicubu yi -bronchoscopy . Lapha, ithubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera lidluliselwa emlonyeni noma ekhaleni liye emigudwini yomoya yamaphaphu bese kutholakala ingxenye yesigaxa.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoncika ohlotsheni, usayizi, indawo yesimila, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimila zingelapheka ngokuphelele .
Ukuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelela kakhulu kwalokhu ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ukususwa kwe-Wedge: Ukususwa kwesimila kanye nengxenye encane yamaphaphu azungezile kuphela.
- Ukususwa kwe-Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwe-lobe, noma ingxenye enkulu, yamaphaphu.
- Ukususwa kwe-Pneumonectomy: Akuvamile kakhulu, uma kudingeka, ukususwa kwephaphu lonke.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ama-lymph node amaningana aseduze nesimila nawo ayasuswa futhi ahlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asabalale yini kuwo.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Uma isimila singenakususwa ngokuphelele, noma uma sesisakazekele kwezinye izindawo, kungadingeka ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa imisebe enamandla aphezulu.
- Ukwelashwa ngemithi: Imithi efana ne-`(Octreotide)` isetshenziselwa ukulawula izimpawu ze-`Carcinoid Syndrome`, kanti imithi efana ne-`(mTOR inhibitors)` isetshenziselwa ukulawula ukukhula kwesimila.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ngenxa yokuthi la mathumba avame ukukhula kancane, i-chemotherapy, ebulala amangqamuzana ahlukana ngokushesha, ayivame ukusetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ingadingeka kumathumba akhula ngokushesha ohlobo "olungajwayelekile".
Ingabe lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Odokotela bayanqikaza ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ukwelapha ngokuphelele" lapho bekhuluma ngomdlavuza, ngoba kuhlale kunethuba elincane lokuthi ubuye.
Kodwa-ke, izimila ezivamile ze-carcinoid ziyalapheka kakhulu futhi ziyalapheka . Ingozi yokuphinda zivele ngemva kokwelashwa ingaphansi kuka-4%. Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abangu-96 kwabayi-100 ngeke baphinde bavele.
Ukwelapha izimila ezingavamile kuyinselele kakhulu. Kungadinga inhlanganisela yokwelashwa. Sekukonke, abantu abangu-89% abatholakale benalesi sifo (kufaka phakathi zombili izinhlobo) basesesempilweni enhle ngemva kweminyaka emi-5. Lokhu kuwumphumela omuhle kakhulu wohlobo lomdlavuza.
Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha? Kufanele uye nini e-ETU?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunaka umzimba wakho. Kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ezimweni ezilandelayo.
| Ithuba | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Bona udokotela wakho. | |
Uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi kakhulu:
| |
| Yiya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha. | |
Uma unezimpawu ezinzima:
| |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izimila ze-carcinoid zamaphaphu ziwuhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluvela emaphashini. Kodwa zihluke kakhulu kumdlavuza wamaphaphu ovamile.
- Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (olujwayelekile) lukhula kancane kakhulu futhi lungelapheka cishe ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa .
- Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu , ngakho-ke ungazinaki izinto ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma ukuphefumula kanzima.
- Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa .
- Uma unokwesaba noma ukungabaza ngalesi sifo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho . Uzokunikeza lonke ulwazi nesiqondiso osidingayo.
- Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ezifweni eziningi ezihlobene namaphaphu.
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